No. 98 · Song lyric · ci (song lyric)第 98 首 · 宋词 · 词

zhè鹧gū鸪tiān天·dài代rén人fù赋

xīn辛qì弃jí疾Xin Qiji · Song宋

Partridge Sky: Written for Someone Else

mò陌shàng上róu柔sāng桑pò破nèn嫩yá芽

dōng东lín邻cán蚕zhǒng种yǐ已shēng生xiē些

píng平gāng冈xì细cǎo草míng鸣huáng黄dú犊

xié斜rì日hán寒lín林diǎn点mù暮yā鸦

shān山yuǎn远jìn近

lù路héng横xié斜

qīng青qí旗gū沽jiǔ酒yǒu有rén人jiā家

chéng城zhōng中táo桃lǐ李chóu愁fēng风yǔ雨

chūn春zài在xī溪tóu头jì荠cài菜huā花

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The commonly taught text opens with róu sāng pò nèn yá (soft mulberry breaks into tender buds) and ends with jì cài huā (shepherd's purse flowers). The source text has róu tiáo chū pò yá (soft branches first break into buds) and yě jì huā (wild shepherd's purse flowers), another old version.

通行本首句作“陌上柔桑破嫩芽”，末句作“春在溪头荠菜花”。这里的底本作“陌上柔条初破芽”“春在溪头野荠花”，是另一种版本。

Line by line逐句翻译

陌上柔桑破嫩芽Along the field paths, soft mulberry branches break into tender buds.田间小路旁，柔嫩的桑枝冒出了新芽，
东邻蚕种已生些At the neighbour's to the east, some silkworms have already hatched.东边邻居家的蚕卵，已经孵出了一些小蚕。
平冈细草鸣黄犊On the low hill the grass is fine, and a yellow calf is lowing.平缓的山坡上长着细草，小黄牛在哞哞叫，
斜日寒林点暮鸦In the setting sun, evening crows dot the chilly woods.夕阳下，清冷的树林里落着点点归巢的乌鸦。
山远近Hills near and far,远远近近都是山，
路横斜paths winding across and slanting,小路横横斜斜，
青旗沽酒有人家and where a blue wine flag hangs, there is a house that sells wine.挂着青色酒旗的地方，有卖酒的人家。
城中桃李愁风雨In the city, the peach and plum blossoms fear the wind and rain,城里的桃花李花，怕风怕雨，
春在溪头荠菜花but spring is out by the stream, in the shepherd's purse flowers.春天却在溪边那一片荠菜花里。

Words字词注释

陌上mò shàng: mò shàng: on the paths between the fields.陌上：田间小路上。
柔桑róu sāng: róu sāng: soft young mulberry branches. Mulberry leaves are food for silkworms.柔桑：柔嫩的桑树枝条。桑叶是喂蚕的。
破嫩芽pò nèn yá: pò nèn yá: tender buds breaking out.破嫩芽：冒出了嫩芽。
东邻dōng lín: dōng lín: the neighbour to the east.东邻：东边的邻居。
蚕种已生些cán zhǒng yǐ shēng xiē: cán zhǒng yǐ shēng xiē: some of the silkworm eggs have already hatched. Cán zhǒng means silkworm eggs.蚕种已生些：蚕卵已经孵出了一些小蚕。蚕种，蚕卵。
平冈píng gāng: píng gāng: a low, flat hill.平冈：平坦的小山坡。
黄犊huáng dú: huáng dú: a little yellow calf.黄犊：黄色的小牛。
斜日xié rì: xié rì: the sinking sun.斜日：快要落山的太阳。
寒林hán lín: hán lín: woods that still look cold and bare in early spring.寒林：早春还没长满叶子、显得清冷的树林。
点暮鸦diǎn mù yā: diǎn mù yā: evening crows dotting the trees like little black spots.点暮鸦：傍晚的乌鸦像一个个小黑点停在树上。
横斜héng xié: héng xié: some running across, some slanting, winding this way and that.横斜：有的横着，有的斜着，弯弯曲曲。
青旗qīng qí: qīng qí: the blue cloth flag hung outside a wine shop as its sign.青旗：酒店门口挂的青布招牌，叫酒旗。
沽酒gū jiǔ: gū jiǔ: to sell wine, or to buy it.沽酒：卖酒，也可以指买酒。
愁风雨chóu fēng yǔ: chóu fēng yǔ: fearing that wind and rain will knock them down.愁风雨：怕被风雨打落。
溪头xī tóu: xī tóu: by the stream.溪头：小溪边。
荠菜花jì cài huā: jì cài huā: the little white flowers of shepherd's purse, a common wild vegetable in the fields.荠菜花：荠菜开的小白花。荠菜是田野里常见的野菜。

How to read it读音

斜xié: This character is read xié today. In older pronunciation it sounded like xiá, which rhymes with the other line endings.“路横斜”的“斜”现在读 xié。古音读如 xiá，和“芽、些、鸦、家、花”押韵。
些xiē: This character is read xiē; in older pronunciation it rhymed with the other line endings.“些”读 xiē，古音和“芽、鸦、家、花”同韵。

Background创作背景

The title means written on someone else's behalf. It is usually thought that Xin Qiji wrote it after he was dismissed from office, while he lived at Dai Lake in Shangrao, Jiangxi. In those years he lived in the countryside and often wrote about village scenery and farm life. Sources differ on the exact year.

“代人赋”就是替别人写的。一般认为，这首词是辛弃疾被罢官后，闲居在江西上饶带湖时写的。那几年他住在乡下，常常写农村的风光和农家的生活。具体写于哪一年，说法不一。

The poet作者

Xin Qiji (1140–1207), also called Jiaxuan, was a great Southern Song poet. He was born in the north, which the Jin had taken. In his early twenties he joined an uprising against the Jin and then came south to the Song. He wanted with all his heart to win back the north, but he was seldom given real power. From middle age he was dismissed again and again, and lived for many years in the Jiangxi countryside. His lyrics are bold and strong; he and Su Shi are named together as Su and Xin.

辛弃疾（1140—1207），字幼安，号稼轩，南宋大词人。他出生在被金国占领的北方，二十多岁就参加抗金起义，后来回到南宋。他一心想收复北方，却长期得不到重用，中年以后多次被罢官，在江西乡下闲住了很多年。他的词豪放有力，和苏轼并称“苏辛”。

The mood意境

This lyric is like a painting of a village in early spring. The mulberry trees bud, the little silkworms hatch, a calf lows on the hill, and crows fly home to the woods in the setting sun. There are hills near and far, winding paths, and a house with a wine flag by the road. Everything is plain, quiet and full of life. The last two lines are the heart of the lyric. The fine peach and plum blossoms in the city are delicate, and one storm knocks them down. The humble wild flowers by the stream bloom just fine. Spring is not in the precious flowers of the city, but in the most ordinary flowers of the countryside. The poet's own feeling hides here too: he loves the simple village and does not envy the busy city.

这首词像一幅早春的乡村画。桑树冒芽，小蚕出生，小牛在山坡上叫，乌鸦在夕阳里归林。远近是山，小路弯弯，路边还有挂着酒旗的人家。一切都朴素、安静、有生气。最后两句是全词的眼睛：城里的桃花李花娇贵，一场风雨就被打落；溪边不起眼的荠菜花，却开得正好。春天不在城里那些名贵的花上，而在乡间最普通的野花里。这里面也藏着词人的心思：他宁愿喜欢朴实的乡村，也不羡慕城里的繁华。