Tang poem · five-character old-style poem唐诗 · 五言古诗

sù宿yè业shī师shān山fáng房qī期dīng丁dà大bú不zhì至

mèng孟hào浩rán然Meng Haoran · Tang唐

Staying at Master Ye's Mountain Lodge, Waiting for Ding the Elder Who Does Not Come

xī夕yáng阳dù度xī西lǐng岭

qún群hè壑shū倏yǐ已míng暝

sōng松yuè月shēng生yè夜liáng凉

fēng风quán泉mǎn满qīng清tīng听

qiáo樵rén人guī归yù欲jìn尽

yān烟niǎo鸟qī栖chū初dìng定

zhī之zǐ子qī期sù宿lái来

gū孤qín琴hòu候luó萝jìng径

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus writes the last character of the poem in a variant form; common editions use the standard form for jìng (path). Some editions write the title with dài (wait) instead of qī (expect); the meaning is the same.

资料库原文末句作“萝迳”，“迳”同“径”，通行本写作“萝径”。题目也有版本写作“宿业师山房待丁大不至”，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

夕阳度西岭The setting sun slips over the western ridge,夕阳越过了西边的山岭，
群壑倏已暝and all the valleys turn dark at once.许多山谷一下子都暗了下来。
松月生夜凉The moon rises among the pines, and the night grows cool.松林间升起月亮，夜里透出凉意，
风泉满清听The sounds of wind and springs fill my ears, clear and pure.风声和泉水声，清清地灌满耳朵。
樵人归欲尽The woodcutters have almost all gone home.砍柴的人差不多都回家了，
烟鸟栖初定The birds in the mist have just settled for the night.雾气里的鸟儿也刚刚在树上歇定。
之子期宿来My friend promised to come and stay tonight,那个人约好今晚来这里住，
孤琴候萝径so I wait alone with my zither by the vine-covered path.我独自抱着琴，在藤萝小路边等他。

Words字词注释

度dù: dù: to pass over.度：越过。
群壑qún hè: qún hè: the many valleys.群壑：许多山谷。
倏shū: shū: suddenly, in a moment.倏：很快，一下子。
暝míng: míng: dark, dusk.暝：天黑，昏暗。
风泉fēng quán: fēng quán: the sound of wind and of springs.风泉：风声和泉水声。
清听qīng tīng: qīng tīng: clear, pleasant sounds.清听：清亮悦耳的声音。
樵人qiáo rén: qiáo rén: woodcutters.樵人：上山砍柴的人。
欲尽yù jìn: yù jìn: almost all gone.欲尽：快要走光了。
烟鸟yān niǎo: yān niǎo: birds in the evening mist.烟鸟：在暮色雾气里的鸟。
栖初定qī chū dìng: qī chū dìng: have just settled on their branches.栖初定：刚刚在树上歇定。
之子zhī zǐ: zhī zǐ: this person, meaning Ding the Elder.之子：这个人，指丁大。
期宿来qī sù lái: qī sù lái: promised to come and stay the night. Qī means to agree on a time.期宿来：约好来这里过夜。期，约定。
孤琴gū qín: gū qín: alone with a zither.孤琴：独自抱着琴。
候hòu: hòu: to wait.候：等候。
萝径luó jìng: luó jìng: a path overgrown with vines.萝径：长满藤萝的小路。

How to read it读音

听tīng: Here tīng is a noun, the sounds one hears. Today it is read tīng. In old times it was read in the falling tone and rhymed with the other line endings.“清听”的“听”是名词，指听到的声音，现在读 tīng。古代这里读去声，和“暝、定、径”押韵。

Background创作背景

Meng Haoran stayed at a monk's lodge in the mountains and had arranged for his friend Ding the Elder to spend the night there too. Master Ye was the monk; Ye was his religious name. Ding the Elder was the eldest son of the Ding family, said by some to be named Ding Feng, a good friend of the poet. Night came and the friend did not, so the poet wrote this poem about waiting. The year it was written is not known.

孟浩然在山里一位僧人的住处借宿，和朋友丁大约好晚上一起住在这里。业师是这位僧人，“业”是他的法号（出家人的名字）。丁大是丁家排行老大的人，一说名叫丁凤，是孟浩然的好朋友。到了晚上朋友没有来，诗人就写下了这首等人的诗。具体写作年份不详。

The poet作者

Meng Haoran (689–740) was a Tang poet from Xiangyang in Hubei. For most of his life he held no office and lived in the hills near home. He loved writing about mountains, rivers and farm life, and is often named together with Wang Wei. His words are plain, yet full of flavor.

孟浩然（689—740），唐代诗人，湖北襄阳人。他大半辈子没有做官，常住在家乡的山里，爱写山水和田园，和王维齐名，合称“王孟”。他的诗语言平淡，却很有味道。

The mood意境

This poem is like a film that slowly gets darker. The sun sets and the valleys go black. The moon rises behind the pines and a cool breeze comes. The ears fill with wind and running springs. The woodcutters go home, the birds go to sleep, and the whole mountain falls quiet. The first six lines get quieter and quieter. Only at the end do we see the poet himself: holding his zither at the mouth of a vine-covered path, waiting for a friend who has not come. He never complains, but his hope and his gentle disappointment are hidden inside this still picture.

这首诗像一段慢慢变暗的电影。太阳落山，山谷一下变黑；月亮从松树后面升起，凉风吹来；耳朵里全是风声和泉水声。砍柴的人回家了，鸟也睡了，整座山安静下来。前六句越写越静，最后才出现诗人自己：他抱着琴，站在长满藤萝的小路口，等一个还没来的朋友。诗里没有一句抱怨，可那份盼望和淡淡的失落，都藏在这幅安静的画里。