Tang poem · seven-character regulated verse唐诗 · 七言律诗

zì自xià夏kǒu口zhì至yīng鹦wǔ鹉zhōu洲xī夕wàng望yuè岳yáng阳jì寄yuán源zhōng中chéng丞

liú刘cháng长qīng卿Liu Changqing · Tang唐

Gazing Toward Yueyang at Dusk on the Way from Xiakou to Parrot Isle, Sent to Vice Censor Yuan

tīng汀zhōu洲wú无làng浪fù复wú无yān烟

chǔ楚kè客xiāng相sī思yì益miǎo渺rán然

hàn汉kǒu口xī夕yáng阳xié斜dù渡niǎo鸟

dòng洞tíng庭qiū秋shuǐ水yuǎn远lián连tiān天

gū孤chéng城bèi背lǐng岭hán寒chuī吹jiǎo角

dú独shù戍lín临jiāng江yè夜bó泊chuán船

jiǎ贾yì谊shàng上shū书yōu忧hàn汉shì室

cháng长shā沙zhé谪qù去gǔ古jīn今lián怜

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

In the corpus, the first character, tīng, is put in square brackets, showing that an editor filled it in. The common text simply reads tīng zhōu, so the brackets are dropped here.

语料库本第一个字“汀”外面加了方括号，表示是整理者补上的字。通行本就作“汀洲”，这里去掉了括号。

Line by line逐句翻译

汀洲无浪复无烟By Parrot Isle there are no waves and no mist,鹦鹉洲边没有风浪，也没有烟雾，
楚客相思益渺然and I, a stranger in the land of Chu, miss my friend across endless distance.我这个漂泊在楚地的人，思念朋友的心更加渺茫。
汉口夕阳斜渡鸟In the setting sun at Hankou, birds fly slantwise over the river,汉口的夕阳下，鸟儿斜斜地飞过江面，
洞庭秋水远连天and the autumn waters of Dongting stretch far away to meet the sky.洞庭湖的秋水远远地连着天边。
孤城背岭寒吹角A lonely town backs onto the hills, and a horn sounds in the cold,孤城背靠山岭，寒风里传来号角声，
独戍临江夜泊船by a lone guard post on the river, boats are moored for the night.江边孤零零的营地旁，夜里停着船。
贾谊上书忧汉室Jia Yi wrote to the emperor out of worry for the Han,贾谊给皇帝上书，为汉朝的天下担忧，
长沙谪去古今怜yet he was sent away to Changsha, and people of all ages have pitied him.却被贬到长沙，从古到今的人都同情他。

Words字词注释

汀洲tīng zhōu: tīng zhōu: a small flat islet in or beside the water, here Parrot Isle.汀洲：水中或水边的小块平地，这里指鹦鹉洲。
复fù: fù: also, and again.复：又。
楚客chǔ kè: chǔ kè: a stranger staying in the land of Chu. This area belonged to the old state of Chu; here it means the poet himself.楚客：客居在楚地的人。这一带古代属于楚国，这里指诗人自己。
益渺然yì miǎo rán: yì miǎo rán: even more distant and boundless. Yì means even more.益渺然：更加渺茫，远得没有边际。益，更加。
汉口hàn kǒu: hàn kǒu: where the Han River flows into the Yangtze, in today's Wuhan, Hubei.汉口：汉水流进长江的地方，在今天的湖北武汉。
斜渡鸟xié dù niǎo: xié dù niǎo: birds flying slantwise across the river.斜渡鸟：鸟儿斜斜地飞过江面。
洞庭dòng tíng: dòng tíng: Dongting Lake, a very large lake beside Yueyang.洞庭：洞庭湖，在岳阳旁边，是很大的湖。
背岭bèi lǐng: bèi lǐng: with its back to the hills.背岭：背靠着山岭。
吹角chuī jiǎo: chuī jiǎo: blowing the horn. The horn was a wind instrument used in the army, with a mournful sound.吹角：吹响号角。角是军中用的一种吹奏乐器，声音很凄凉。
独戍dú shù: dú shù: a lonely guard post. Shù means a place where soldiers keep watch.独戍：孤零零的守卫营地。戍，守卫边防的地方。
贾谊jiǎ yì: jiǎ yì: Jia Yi, a gifted young scholar of the Western Han. He sent the emperor many letters with plans for ruling the country, but others pushed him out and he was sent away to Changsha.贾谊：西汉的才子，年轻时就很有本事，多次给皇帝上书，提出治理国家的意见，后来被人排挤，贬到了长沙。
上书shàng shū: shàng shū: to write to the emperor with advice.上书：给皇帝写信，提意见。
汉室hàn shì: hàn shì: the house of Han, the Han court and its realm.汉室：汉朝的朝廷，汉朝的天下。
谪zhé: zhé: to be demoted and sent far away.谪：被降职，并被派到远方去。
古今怜gǔ jīn lián: gǔ jīn lián: people from ancient times to now all feel sorry for him. Lián means to pity.古今怜：从古到今的人都同情他。怜，同情、可惜。

How to read it读音

泊bó: Bó chuán means to moor a boat, so it is read bó, not pō.“泊船”是把船停靠在岸边，读 bó，不读 pō。
贾jiǎ: As a surname it is read jiǎ, not gǔ.作姓时读 jiǎ，不读 gǔ。

Background创作背景

Xiakou is in today's Wuhan, Hubei, and Parrot Isle is a sandbank in the Yangtze nearby. The poet went from Xiakou to Parrot Isle and, at dusk, gazed toward Yueyang. Then he wrote this poem and sent it to a Vice Censor named Yuan. A vice censor was a high official whose job was to check on other officials. We are not sure who this Mr. Yuan was. One view says the poem was written in the Dali years of Emperor Daizong, when Liu Changqing held office around Ezhou and was falsely accused. Through the story of Jia Yi, he pities his friend and speaks of himself too.

夏口在今天的湖北武汉，鹦鹉洲是附近长江里的一片沙洲。诗人从夏口来到鹦鹉洲，傍晚向岳阳方向远望，写了这首诗寄给一位姓源的中丞。中丞是御史中丞，一种负责监察官员的大官。这位源中丞是谁，现在说不准。一说诗写在唐代宗大历年间，刘长卿在鄂州一带做官，又被人诬告，心里很不平。诗里用贾谊的遭遇，既同情朋友，也说自己。

The poet作者

Liu Changqing, also called Wenfang, was a Tang poet; sources disagree on his birth and death years. He was so good at five-character poems that people called him the Great Wall of five-character verse. Twice he was demoted and sent away, and later he governed Suizhou, so he is also called Liu Suizhou. His poems often tell of the sorrow of exile and wandering, in a quiet, plain style.

刘长卿，字文房，唐代诗人，生卒年说法不一。他特别擅长写五言诗，被称为“五言长城”。他做官时两次被贬，后来做过随州刺史，所以又叫“刘随州”。他的诗常写贬谪、漂泊的愁苦，风格清淡。

The mood意境

The first four lines show a gaze into the distance at dusk. There are no waves and no mist on the river, so the world looks wide open. But the wider it looks, the more lost his longing for his friend feels. In the setting sun at Hankou, birds fly slantwise past, and far away the autumn waters of Dongting reach the sky. The picture is huge, quiet and lonely. In lines five and six night falls. A lonely town leans on the hills, a horn sounds in the cold wind, and by a riverside guard post only boats are moored. The last two lines use a man of old to speak his heart. Jia Yi gave everything for his country, yet he was sent away to Changsha. The poet does not say outright that he has been wronged. He only says that all ages pity Jia Yi, and his hurt and his sympathy are hidden in those words.

前四句写傍晚远望。江上没有风浪，也没有雾，天地特别开阔，可越开阔，想念朋友的心就越没着落。汉口的夕阳里，鸟儿斜斜飞过；远处洞庭湖的秋水，一直连到天边。画面很大，很安静，也很孤单。五、六句天黑了：孤城靠着山，寒风里响起号角；江边营地旁，只停着一条船。最后两句借古人说心事：贾谊一心为国，却被贬到长沙。诗人没有直接说自己委屈，只说“古今怜”，这份不平和同情，都藏在里面了。