Tang poem · five-character old-style poem唐诗 · 五言古诗

dōng东jiāo郊

wéi韦yìng应wù物Wei Yingwu · Tang唐

The Eastern Outskirts

lì吏shè舍jú跼zhōng终nián年

chū出jiāo郊kuàng旷qīng清shǔ曙

yáng杨liǔ柳sàn散hé和fēng风

qīng青shān山dàn澹wú吾lǜ虑

yī依cóng丛shì适zì自qì憩

yuán缘jiàn涧huán还fù复qù去

wēi微yǔ雨ǎi霭fāng芳yuán原

chūn春jiū鸠míng鸣hé何chù处

lè乐yōu幽xīn心lǚ屡zhǐ止

zūn遵shì事jì迹yóu犹jù遽

zhōng终bà罢sī斯jié结lú庐

mù慕táo陶zhí直kě可shù庶

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The usual text, as in Three Hundred Tang Poems, ends with zhí kě shù. The source text has zhēn kě shù. The two characters look alike and mean nearly the same here, so we follow the usual text.

通行本（如《唐诗三百首》）末句作“慕陶直可庶”。这里的底本作“慕陶真可庶”，“直”和“真”字形相近，意思也差不多，现在按通行本。

Line by line逐句翻译

吏舍跼终年All year I have been cramped up in the office.一年到头被拘束在官署里，
出郊旷清曙Out in the countryside, the clear dawn opens my heart.走出城到郊外，清新的晨光让心胸开阔。
杨柳散和风Willows sway in the gentle breeze,杨柳在和风里轻轻飘拂，
青山澹吾虑and the green hills wash my worries away.青山让我的烦恼都淡了。
依丛适自憩I lean against the bushes and rest as I please,我靠着树丛随意休息，
缘涧还复去then stroll back and forth along the stream.又沿着山涧来回漫步。
微雨霭芳原Fine rain hangs like mist over the fragrant fields.细雨像薄雾一样笼罩着芬芳的原野，
春鸠鸣何处Somewhere a spring dove is calling. Where?春天的斑鸠在哪里鸣叫呢？
乐幽心屡止I love this quiet place and keep wanting to stay,我喜爱这清幽的地方，几次想停下来不走，
遵事迹犹遽but duty calls, and my steps are still in a hurry.可是还有公事在身，脚步总是匆匆忙忙。
终罢斯结庐When at last I leave office, I will build a hut here,等我最终辞了官，就在这里盖间草屋，
慕陶直可庶and my wish to live like Tao Yuanming may nearly come true.仰慕陶渊明的心愿差不多就能实现了。

Words字词注释

吏舍lì shè: lì shè: the government office where he worked.吏舍：官署，办公的地方。
跼jú: jú: to be cramped and bent over, not free.跼：弯着身子，拘束，不自由。
终年zhōng nián: zhōng nián: all year round.终年：一年到头。
旷清曙kuàng qīng shǔ: kuàng qīng shǔ: his heart opens wide in the clear light of dawn. Kuàng means wide open; shǔ means daybreak.旷清曙：在清新的晨光里，心情一下子开阔了。旷，开阔；曙，天刚亮。
散和风sàn hé fēng: sàn hé fēng: the willows sway loose in the mild spring breeze.散和风：柳条在温和的春风里飘散摆动。
澹吾虑dàn wú lǜ: dàn wú lǜ: makes my worries fade. Dàn means to calm or make pale.澹吾虑：让我的烦恼淡了下来。澹，使变淡、使平静。
依丛yī cóng: yī cóng: leaning against a thicket.依丛：靠着树丛。
适自憩shì zì qì: shì zì qì: to rest as one likes. Qì means to rest.适自憩：随意地休息一下。适，随意、自在；憩，休息。
缘涧yuán jiàn: yuán jiàn: following a mountain stream.缘涧：沿着山间的小溪。涧，山间的水沟。
还复去huán fù qù: huán fù qù: walking back and forth.还复去：走回来又走过去，来回漫步。
霭芳原ǎi fāng yuán: ǎi fāng yuán: fine rain drifts like mist over the flowering fields.霭芳原：细雨像薄雾一样笼罩着长满花草的原野。霭，云雾弥漫。
春鸠chūn jiū: chūn jiū: a turtledove in spring.春鸠：春天的斑鸠。
乐幽lè yōu: lè yōu: to love this quiet place.乐幽：喜爱这清幽的地方。
屡止lǚ zhǐ: lǚ zhǐ: again and again wanting to stay here.屡止：好几次想在这里住下来。
遵事zūn shì: zūn shì: having official duties to follow.遵事：要遵守公务，还有事要办。
迹犹遽jì yóu jù: jì yóu jù: his steps are still hurried. Jù means in a hurry.迹犹遽：脚步还是匆匆忙忙的。迹，行踪；遽，急忙。
终罢zhōng bà: zhōng bà: to finally leave office.终罢：最终辞去官职。
斯结庐sī jié lú: sī jié lú: to build a hut here. Sī means here; lú means a simple hut.斯结庐：在这里盖一间草屋。斯，这里；庐，简陋的房屋。
慕陶mù táo: mù táo: to admire Tao Yuanming, a Jin dynasty poet who left office to farm and live a quiet life.慕陶：仰慕陶渊明。陶渊明是东晋诗人，辞官回乡种田，过着清静的生活。
直可庶zhí kě shù: zhí kě shù: that wish may nearly come true. Shù means almost, perhaps possible.直可庶：差不多就可以实现了。庶，差不多、也许可以。

How to read it读音

舍shè: Here it means a building, an office lodging, read shè, not shě.“吏舍”是官署里的房子，“舍”读 shè，不读 shě。
还huán: Here it means to go back, read huán, not hái.这里是来回走、返回的意思，读 huán，不读 hái。
乐lè: Here it means to love quiet places. Most textbooks read lè; some read yào, meaning to be fond of.“乐幽”是喜爱清幽，课本多读 lè；一说读 yào，是喜好的意思。

Background创作背景

The poem tells how the poet left his office one spring morning and went out to the eastern outskirts of town. The countryside relaxed him. He wanted to stay, but his duties hurried him back, and so he began to dream of leaving office to live in quiet. Accounts differ on the year and on where he was serving at the time, and it is hard to say for sure.

这首诗写的是诗人在一个春天的早晨走出官署，到城东郊外游玩。郊外的风景让他放松，他想留下来，却又被公事催着回去，于是生出辞官归隐的念头。这首诗具体写于哪一年、他当时在哪里做官，说法不一，现在难以确定。

The poet作者

Wei Yingwu (about 737 to about 792) was a Tang poet. As a young man he was a guard of Emperor Xuanzong. Later he studied hard and became governor of Chuzhou, Jiangzhou and Suzhou, so people called him Wei of Suzhou. His poems are plain and natural. He loved to write about hills, rivers and farms, and often showed a wish to retire. People often compare him to Tao Yuanming.

韦应物（约737—约792），唐代诗人。他年轻时做过唐玄宗的侍卫，后来认真读书，做过滁州、江州、苏州的刺史，人称“韦苏州”。他的诗清淡自然，很喜欢写山水田园，常常流露出想要归隐的心情，人们常把他和陶渊明相提并论。

The mood意境

The poem opens with a contrast. All year he is shut up in the office, and once he steps into the countryside his whole self stretches out. The next lines are like a slow walk. Willows sway in the wind, and the green hills wash away his worries. When he is tired he leans on the bushes, then wanders back and forth along the stream. Fine rain lies over the fields like a thin veil, and a dove calls from somewhere he cannot see. These pictures are all calm, and they calm us too. The last four lines show a pull inside him. He loves this place and wants to stay, but duty makes him hurry away. At the end he says that when he leaves office he will build a hut here and live like Tao Yuanming. Reading it, we feel the relief of a busy person who has stolen half a day of rest, and how hard it is to leave.

诗一开头就是一个对比：一年到头关在办公室里，一出郊外，整个人都舒展开了。接下来的几句像一次慢慢的散步：杨柳在风里摆，青山把烦恼冲淡；累了就靠着树丛歇一歇，再顺着小溪走来走去。细雨像轻纱罩在原野上，远处传来斑鸠的叫声，却找不到它在哪里。这些画面都很安静，让人也跟着平静下来。后四句写心里的矛盾：喜欢这里，想留下，可公事在身，只能匆匆离开。最后他说，等辞了官就来这里盖间草屋，像陶渊明那样生活。读这首诗，能感到一个忙碌的人偷得半日清闲时的轻松和不舍。