No. 11 · Song lyric · long ci lyric in two stanzas第 11 首 · 宋词 · 词·双调·慢词

shuǐ水lóng龙yín吟·dēng登jiàn建kāng康shǎng赏xīn心tíng亭

xīn辛qì弃jí疾Xin Qiji · Song宋

Shui Long Yin: Climbing the Shangxin Pavilion in Jiankang

chǔ楚tiān天qiān千lǐ里qīng清qiū秋

shuǐ水suí随tiān天qù去qiū秋wú无jì际

yáo遥cén岑yuǎn远mù目

xiàn献chóu愁gōng供hèn恨

yù玉zān簪luó螺jì髻

luò落rì日lóu楼tóu头

duàn断hóng鸿shēng声lǐ里

jiāng江nán南yóu游zǐ子

bǎ把wú吴gōu钩kàn看le了

lán栏gān杆pāi拍biàn遍

wú无rén人huì会

dēng登lín临yì意

xiū休shuō说lú鲈yú鱼kān堪kuài脍

jìn尽xī西fēng风

jì季yīng鹰guī归wèi未

qiú求tián田wèn问shè舍

pà怕yīng应xiū羞jiàn见

liú刘láng郎cái才qì气

kě可xī惜liú流nián年

yōu忧chóu愁fēng风yǔ雨

shù树yóu犹rú如cǐ此

qìng倩hé何rén人huàn唤qǔ取

hóng红jīn巾cuì翠xiù袖

wèn揾yīng英xióng雄lèi泪

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus ends with a slightly different wording, calling the girls graceful green sleeves; the textbook says red scarves and green sleeves, and breaks the lines differently. The meaning is the same. The corpus also uses older forms of the characters for sliced fish and for railing, where the textbook uses the modern ones.

语料库最后几句作“倩何人，唤取盈盈翠袖，揾英雄泪”，课本作“倩何人唤取，红巾翠袖，揾英雄泪”，意思相同。另外语料库“鲙”课本作“脍”，“栏干”课本作“栏杆”。

Line by line逐句翻译

楚天千里清秋The southern sky stretches a thousand miles in clear autumn,南方的天空千里辽阔，一片清秋，
水随天去秋无际the river flows off with the sky, and autumn has no end.江水随着天边流去，秋色望不到边。
遥岑远目I look far off at the distant hills,我向远处的群山望去，
献愁供恨and they seem to offer me sorrow and grief,它们好像在向我献上愁和恨，
玉簪螺髻some like jade hairpins, some like coiled hair.有的像玉簪，有的像螺髻。
落日楼头The sun sets over the tower,夕阳照在楼头，
断鸿声里a lone goose cries again and again,孤雁一声声哀叫，
江南游子and I, a wanderer in the south,我这个漂泊在江南的游子，
把吴钩看了take out my sword and look at it over and over,把宝刀拿出来看了又看，
栏杆拍遍and slap the railing all along,把栏杆拍了个遍，
无人会but no one understands可是没有人懂得
登临意what is in my heart as I stand up here.我登高时的心思。
休说鲈鱼堪脍Do not tell me the perch are just right to eat,别说鲈鱼正好切来吃了，
尽西风for though the west wind blows,任凭秋风吹着，
季鹰归未can I go home like Zhang Jiying?我能像张季鹰那样回家吗？
求田问舍A man who thinks only of buying land and houses只顾买田买房的人，
怕应羞见would surely be ashamed to face恐怕会羞于见到
刘郎才气the great spirit of Liu Bei.有雄心大志的刘备。
可惜流年What a pity time flows away,可惜时光像水一样流走，
忧愁风雨the country is in wind and rain, and I am full of worry,国家风雨飘摇，叫人忧愁，
树犹如此even the trees have grown so big, and I am growing old!树都长得这么大了，人也老了！
倩何人唤取Whom can I ask to call请谁去叫来
红巾翠袖the girls with red scarves and green sleeves,那些红巾翠袖的女子，
揾英雄泪to wipe away a hero's tears?替我擦去英雄的眼泪呢？

Words字词注释

楚天chǔ tiān: chǔ tiān: the southern sky. The Jiankang area once belonged to the old state of Chu.楚天：南方的天空。建康一带古代属于楚国。
清秋qīng qiū: qīng qiū: clear, bright autumn.清秋：明净的秋天。
无际wú jì: wú jì: without end.无际：没有边。
遥岑yáo cén: yáo cén: distant hills. Cén is a small, steep hill.遥岑：远处的小山。岑，小而高的山。
远目yuǎn mù: yuǎn mù: to look far into the distance.远目：极目远望。
献愁供恨xiàn chóu gōng hèn: xiàn chóu gōng hèn: the far hills seem to offer him sorrow and grief. Really it is the poet's own sorrow as he looks at them.献愁供恨：远山好像在把愁和恨献给我。其实是诗人看山时心里发愁。
玉簪螺髻yù zān luó jì: yù zān luó jì: the shapes of the hills, some like jade hairpins, some like hair coiled like a snail shell. Zān is a hairpin; jì is hair coiled on top of the head.玉簪螺髻：远山的样子，有的像玉做的簪子，有的像螺壳一样的发髻。簪，别头发的长针；髻，盘在头顶的头发。
楼头lóu tóu: lóu tóu: up in the tower, here the Shangxin Pavilion.楼头：楼上，这里指赏心亭。
断鸿duàn hóng: duàn hóng: a lone wild goose that has lost its flock.断鸿：离群的孤雁。
江南游子jiāng nán yóu zǐ: jiāng nán yóu zǐ: a wanderer in the south. Xin Qiji was from the north, so he means himself.江南游子：漂泊在江南的人。辛弃疾是北方人，这是说他自己。
吴钩wú gōu: wú gōu: a curved sword once made in the Wu region, here any fine sword.吴钩：古代吴地出产的一种弯刀，这里泛指宝刀。
栏杆拍遍lán gān pāi biàn: lán gān pāi biàn: he slaps the railing all along its length. With feelings he cannot say, he can only beat the railing.栏杆拍遍：把栏杆都拍遍了。心里有话说不出，只能用手拍栏杆。
会huì: huì: to understand.会：懂得。
登临意dēng lín yì: dēng lín yì: what he feels as he climbs up high, his wish to win back the north.登临意：登上高处时心里的意思，就是想收复北方的心愿。
鲈鱼堪脍lú yú kān kuài: lú yú kān kuài: the perch are just right to slice and eat. Kuài means to slice fish thin.鲈鱼堪脍：鲈鱼正好切成细片来吃。脍，把鱼肉切成细丝细片。
尽西风jìn xī fēng: jìn xī fēng: let the west wind blow as it will.尽西风：任凭秋风吹着。
季鹰jì yīng: jì yīng: Zhang Han of the Jin dynasty. Serving in Luoyang, he saw the autumn wind rise, thought of the perch of his home town, and quit his post to go home.季鹰：晋代人张翰，字季鹰。他在洛阳做官，看到秋风吹起，想起家乡的鲈鱼，就辞官回家了。
归未guī wèi: guī wèi: has he gone home or not?归未：回去了没有？
求田问舍qiú tián wèn shè: qiú tián wèn shè: buying land and houses, caring only for one's own comfort.求田问舍：到处买田买房子，只顾自己过好日子。
怕应羞见pà yīng xiū jiàn: pà yīng xiū jiàn: one would be too ashamed to face.怕应羞见：恐怕会不好意思见到。
刘郎liú láng: liú láng: Liu Bei. In the Three Kingdoms period a man named Xu Si thought only of buying land and houses, and Liu Bei looked down on him.刘郎：刘备。三国时有个叫许汜的人只想着买田买房，刘备很看不起他。
流年liú nián: liú nián: time flowing away like water.流年：像水一样流走的时光。
忧愁风雨yōu chóu fēng yǔ: yōu chóu fēng yǔ: worrying through wind and rain. Wind and rain also stand for the country's troubles.忧愁风雨：在风风雨雨中担忧发愁。风雨也比喻国家多难。
树犹如此shù yóu rú cǐ: shù yóu rú cǐ: even the trees have grown this big. Huan Wen of the Jin dynasty saw that willows he had planted when young were now thick, and sighed: if trees are like this, how can a man bear it!树犹如此：树都已经长这么大了。晋代桓温看到自己年轻时种的柳树已经很粗，叹息说：树都这样了，人怎么受得了！
倩qìng: qìng: to ask someone to do something.倩：请，托。
唤取huàn qǔ: huàn qǔ: to call over.唤取：叫来。
红巾翠袖hóng jīn cuì xiù: hóng jīn cuì xiù: red scarves and green sleeves, standing for lovely young women.红巾翠袖：红色的手巾，绿色的衣袖，代指美丽的女子。
揾wèn: wèn: to wipe.揾：擦。

How to read it读音

倩qìng: Here it means to ask someone to do something, read qìng, not qiàn as in a lovely figure.倩，请、托人，读 qìng，不读“倩影”的 qiàn。
揾wèn: It means to wipe, read wèn.揾，擦、拭，读 wèn。
尽jìn: Here it means let it be, no matter, read jìn.尽，尽管、任凭，读 jìn。
应yīng: It means I fear one should, so the character is read yīng.怕应，恐怕应该，“应”读 yīng。
舍shè: It means asking about houses, so the character is read shè.问舍，打听房子，“舍”读 shè。
会huì: It means to understand, read huì.会，懂得、理解，读 huì。

Background创作背景

Jiankang is today's Nanjing in Jiangsu. The Shangxin Pavilion stood on the city's west wall, looking down on the Qinhuai River. Xin Qiji had come over from the north to the Southern Song more than ten years before. He longed to win back the north, which the Jin had taken, but was never given an important post. He climbed the pavilion, looked far off, and wrote this lyric. It is usually dated to around 1174; another view puts it in 1168 to 1170, when he held an office in Jiankang.

建康就是今天的江苏南京，赏心亭在建康城西的城墙上，可以俯看秦淮河。辛弃疾从北方投奔南宋已经十多年，一心想收复被金国占领的北方，却一直得不到重用。他登上赏心亭远望，写下了这首词。一般认为作于宋孝宗淳熙元年（1174年）前后，一说作于他在建康做通判的时候（1168—1170年）。

The poet作者

Xin Qiji (1140–1207), also called Jiaxuan, was a great lyric poet of the Southern Song. He was born in the north under Jin rule. In his early twenties he led troops against the Jin, and then went over to the Southern Song. All his life he wanted to win back the lost land, but he was often pushed aside, so he poured his passion into his lyrics. His lyrics are bold and strong, and he is named with Su Shi as Su and Xin.

辛弃疾（1140—1207），字幼安，号稼轩，南宋大词人。他生在被金国占领的北方，二十多岁就带兵抗金，后来投奔南宋。他一辈子想收复失地，却常被排挤，只能把满腔的热血写进词里。他的词豪放有力，和苏轼并称“苏辛”。

The mood意境

The first half shows the view from up high and the pain in his heart. The autumn river and far hills are lovely, but to him the hills seem to offer sorrow and grief. The setting sun, a lone goose and a wandering traveller make the picture lonelier and lonelier. He takes out his sword and looks at it, slaps the railing all along, yet no one understands his wish to fight his way back north. The second half uses three old stories in a row. First: Zhang Jiying missed home and simply went back, but Xin Qiji's home is in the north under the Jin, and he cannot go. Second: he looks down on people who care only for land and houses, and will not live like that. Third: Huan Wen sighed that his trees had grown and he had grown old, and Xin Qiji too sighs that time is slipping by while his great hope is not fulfilled. At the end he asks who could call someone to wipe a hero's tears. A great hero who can only weep alone: reading it, we both admire him and feel for him.

上片写登高看到的景和心里的苦。秋天的江水、远处的群山都很美，可山在他眼里却是“献愁供恨”。夕阳、孤雁，再加上一个漂泊的游子，画面越来越孤单。他拿出宝刀看了又看，把栏杆拍了个遍，却没有人懂他想打回北方的心。下片连用三个古人的故事。第一个：张季鹰想家就回去了，可辛弃疾的家乡在北方，被金国占着，回不去。第二个：他看不起只顾买田买房的人，自己不愿那样活。第三个：桓温叹树已长大、人已变老，他也在叹时光流走、壮志未成。最后说，谁能叫个人来替英雄擦眼泪呢？一个大英雄，却只能独自流泪，读来让人又敬佩又心疼。