No. 40 · Song lyric · ci lyric in two stanzas第 40 首 · 宋词 · 词（双调）

qiān千qiū秋suì岁·shù数shēng声tí鶗jué鴂

zhāng张xiān先Zhang Xian · Song宋

To the Tune Qian Qiu Sui: A Few Cries of the Cuckoo

shù数shēng声tí鶗jué鴂

yòu又bào报fāng芳fēi菲xiē歇

xī惜chūn春gèng更bǎ把cán残hóng红zhé折

yǔ雨qīng轻fēng风sè色bào暴

méi梅zǐ子qīng青shí时jié节

yǒng永fēng丰liǔ柳

wú无rén人jìn尽rì日fēi飞huā花xuě雪

mò莫bǎ把yāo幺xián弦bō拨

yuàn怨jí极xián弦néng能shuō说

tiān天bù不lǎo老

qíng情nán难jué绝

xīn心sì似shuāng双sī丝wǎng网

zhōng中yǒu有qiān千qiān千jié结

yè夜guò过yě也

dōng东chuāng窗wèi未bái白níng凝cán残yuè月

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus writes the first character of the bird name in a rare simplified form; most printed editions use the traditional form, which this page follows. For line seven, Three Hundred Song Lyrics has the same word order as the corpus, and this page follows it. Some editions swap the two middle words of the phrase about flowers flying like snow; the meaning is the same.

原始文本用了简化后的生僻字“𫛸”，通行本多印作“鶗鴂”，这里用“鶗鴂”。第七句《宋词三百首》作“无人尽日飞花雪”，和原始文本一样，这里也用它；一作“花飞雪”，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

数声鶗鴂A few cries of the cuckoo,杜鹃鸟叫了几声，
又报芳菲歇telling once more that the flowers of spring are gone.又在告诉人们，春花已经凋谢了。
惜春更把残红折Loving the spring, I pick a few of the last flowers.我爱惜春天，又折下几枝残花。
雨轻风色暴The rain is light, but the wind is fierce;雨下得很轻，风却刮得很猛，
梅子青时节it is the season when the plums are still green.正是梅子还青的时节。
永丰柳Like the willow in the Yongfeng garden,就像永丰坊园里的柳树，
无人尽日飞花雪with no one to look at it, its catkins fly like snow all day.没有人来看它，整天柳絮像雪一样飘飞。
莫把幺弦拨Do not pluck that thinnest string,不要去拨动那根最细的琴弦，
怨极弦能说for when sorrow is at its deepest, the string can speak it.怨恨到了极点，琴弦也能把它说出来。
天不老Heaven does not grow old,天不会老，
情难绝and love is hard to end.情也难以断绝。
心似双丝网My heart is like a net of double threads,我的心就像一张双丝织成的网，
中有千千结with thousands and thousands of knots inside.里面有千千万万个结。
夜过也The night is over,一夜过去了，
东窗未白凝残月the east window is not yet pale, and a fading moon hangs still.东边的窗子还没有发白，一弯残月还凝在天上。

Words字词注释

数声shù shēng: shù shēng: a few cries.数声：几声。
鶗鴂tí jué: tí jué: the name of a bird, usually taken to be the cuckoo. It sings in late spring, so people in old times knew spring was ending when they heard it.鶗鴂：鸟名，一般认为就是杜鹃鸟。它在春末叫，古人听到它叫，就知道春天快过去了。
报bào: bào: to announce.报：报告，告诉。
芳菲歇fāng fēi xiē: fāng fēi xiē: the flowers have faded. Fāng fēi means the scent and beauty of flowers; xiē means to stop or wither.芳菲歇：花草凋谢了。芳菲，花草的香气和美丽，这里指春花。歇，停止、凋零。
惜春xī chūn: xī chūn: to cherish spring and not want it to leave.惜春：爱惜春天，舍不得春天走。
残红cán hóng: cán hóng: the last flowers that are about to fall.残红：残留的、快要凋谢的花。
风色暴fēng sè bào: fēng sè bào: the wind is fierce.风色暴：风很猛烈。
梅子青时节méi zǐ qīng shí jié: méi zǐ qīng shí jié: when plums are still green, that is, late spring and early summer.梅子青时节：梅子还青青的时候，就是暮春初夏。
永丰柳yǒng fēng liǔ: yǒng fēng liǔ: in the Tang, an abandoned garden in Yongfeng Ward of Luoyang had a willow no one admired, and Bai Juyi wrote a poem pitying it. Later it stood for a lonely woman whom no one cared for.永丰柳：唐代洛阳永丰坊有一个荒园，园里的柳树没人欣赏，白居易写诗可怜过它。后来常用来比喻孤单、没人疼爱的女子。
尽日jìn rì: jìn rì: all day long.尽日：整天。
飞花雪fēi huā xuě: fēi huā xuě: willow catkins fly about like snow.飞花雪：柳絮像雪花一样飞舞。
幺弦yāo xián: yāo xián: the thinnest, fourth string of a pipa lute, which has the highest, saddest sound.幺弦：琵琶上最细的第四根弦，声音最尖细、最哀怨。
拨bō: bō: to pluck a string.拨：用手指或拨子弹弦。
怨极yuàn jí: yuàn jí: bitterness at its deepest.怨极：怨恨到了极点。
天不老tiān bù lǎo: tiān bù lǎo: heaven does not grow old. The Tang poet Li He wrote that if heaven had feelings, heaven too would grow old; this line turns that around.天不老：天不会老。唐代李贺有诗句“天若有情天亦老”，这里反过来说天不会老。
情难绝qíng nán jué: qíng nán jué: love is hard to cut off.情难绝：感情难以断绝。
双丝网shuāng sī wǎng: shuāng sī wǎng: a net knotted from double threads. The word for thread sounds like the word for longing, hinting that the two miss each other.双丝网：用两股丝织成的网。丝和“思”同音，暗指两人互相思念。
千千结qiān qiān jié: qiān qiān jié: thousands of knots, standing for feelings that cannot be untied.千千结：成千上万个结，比喻心里解不开的情结。
夜过也yè guò yě: yè guò yě: the night is over. Yě is a word that adds feeling.夜过也：夜晚过去了。也，语气词。
凝níng: níng: to hang still.凝：凝住不动。
残月cán yuè: cán yuè: the moon still hanging in the sky as dawn comes.残月：天快亮时还挂在天上的月亮。

How to read it读音

数shù: In shù shēng it reads shù, meaning a few, not shǔ (to count).数声：读 shù，意思是几声，不读 shǔ。
鶗tí: The bird name reads tí jué. It is sometimes written with another first character.鶗鴂：读 tí jué。也写作“鹈鴂”。
更gèng: It reads gèng, meaning also or further.更：读 gèng，意思是还、又。
子zǐ: In speech méi zi has a light second syllable; in poems it is usually read zǐ.梅子：口语读轻声 zi，读诗时一般读 zǐ。
幺yāo: In yāo xián it reads yāo, meaning the smallest.幺弦：读 yāo，意思是最小、最细。

Background创作背景

This lyric is about a love that meets obstacles. We do not know when it was written, and it names no person or event. One view says Zhang Xian wrote about his own pain of loving a woman he could not be with. It begins with the scenery of late spring, uses falling flowers, willow catkins and a lute string to show sorrow and love, and ends after a sleepless night, just before dawn.

这首词写的是一段受到阻碍的爱情。写作时间不清楚，词里也没有说明具体的人和事。一说是张先写自己和一位女子相爱却不能在一起的痛苦。词从暮春的景色写起，借花落、柳絮、琴弦来写心里的怨和情，最后写一夜没睡，直到天快亮。

The poet作者

Zhang Xian (990–1078) was a lyric poet of the Northern Song who lived to his late eighties. He was known for his delicate scenes, and he especially loved to write about shadows, as in the famous line "clouds part, the moon comes out, and flowers play with their shadows". People nicknamed him Zhang of the Three Shadows. He wrote about feelings in a gentle, indirect way, and this lyric is a good example.

张先（990—1078），北宋词人，活到八十多岁。他的词以写景细腻出名，尤其爱写“影”，有“云破月来花弄影”等名句，人们叫他“张三影”。他写感情含蓄婉转，这首词就是代表。

The mood意境

The first half says spring is gone. When the cuckoo calls, the flowers fade; the poet cannot bear it and picks a few last blossoms. Light rain and a fierce wind are like the blows that fall on a love. A lonely willow no one looks at, its catkins flying like snow all day: that is what loneliness looks like. The second half speaks of the heart directly. Do not pluck the thinnest string, because the sorrow inside is so deep that the string would cry out for you. "Heaven does not grow old, love is hard to end" is firm: heaven will not age, and my love will not break. The most famous lines say the heart is like a net of double threads, full of knots that cannot be untied. Since thread and longing sound alike in Chinese, every knot is full of longing. At the end dawn is near, the fading moon still hangs, and a whole night has passed without sleep.

上半首写春天走了。杜鹃一叫，花就谢了；诗人舍不得，又去折几朵残花。小雨加大风，正好像一段感情遇到的打击。孤零零的柳树没人看，柳絮整天像雪一样乱飞，那就是寂寞的样子。下半首直接写心。不要弹那根最细的弦，因为心里的怨太深，一弹琴弦就会替人哭出来。“天不老，情难绝”说得很坚定：天不会老，我的情也不会断。最有名的是“心似双丝网，中有千千结”，心像一张网，打满了解不开的结，又因为“丝”和“思”同音，结里全是思念。最后天快亮了，残月还挂着，一夜就这样没睡。