Tang poem · seven-character old-style poem (yuefu song)唐诗 · 七言古诗（乐府）

luò洛yáng阳nǚ女ér儿xíng行

wáng王wéi维Wang Wei · Tang唐

Song of the Luoyang Girl

luò洛yáng阳nǚ女ér儿duì对mén门jū居

cái才kě可yán颜róng容shí十wǔ五yú馀

liáng良rén人yù玉lè勒chéng乘cōng骢mǎ马

shì侍nǚ女jīn金pán盘kuài脍lǐ鲤yú鱼

huà画gé阁zhū朱lóu楼jìn尽xiāng相wàng望

hóng红táo桃lǜ绿liǔ柳chuí垂yán檐xiàng向

luó罗wéi帏sòng送shàng上qī七xiāng香chē车

bǎo宝shàn扇yíng迎guī归jiǔ九huá华zhàng帐

kuáng狂fū夫fù富guì贵zài在qīng青chūn春

yì意qì气jiāo骄shē奢jù剧jì季lún伦

zì自lián怜bì碧yù玉qīn亲jiāo教wǔ舞

bù不xī惜shān珊hú瑚chí持yǔ与rén人

chūn春chuāng窗shǔ曙miè灭jiǔ九wēi微huǒ火

jiǔ九wēi微piàn片piàn片fēi飞huā花suǒ琐

xì戏bà罢zēng曾wú无lǐ理qǔ曲shí时

zhuāng妆chéng成zhǐ只shì是xūn熏xiāng香zuò坐

chéng城zhōng中xiāng相shí识jìn尽fán繁huá华

rì日yè夜jīng经guò过zhào赵lǐ李jiā家

shuí谁lián怜yuè越nǚ女yán颜rú如yù玉

pín贫jiàn贱jiāng江tóu头zì自huàn浣shā纱

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

In line 2 the source text has róng yán; the common Three Hundred Tang Poems edition has yán róng, used here. Several characters in the source are old or variant forms; here they are written the modern way (for kuài, yán, suǒ, zhǐ and xūn).

原始资料第二句作“容颜”，通行的《唐诗三百首》本作“颜容”，这里从通行本。原始资料里的“鲙、簷、璅、秪、薰”是旧字形或异体字，这里按今天的写法改成“脍、檐、琐、只、熏”。

Line by line逐句翻译

洛阳女儿对门居A girl of Luoyang lives across the street from me.洛阳有个姑娘，就住在我家对门，
才可颜容十五馀By her looks she is just a little over fifteen.看她的样子，才十五岁多一点。
良人玉勒乘骢马Her husband rides a fine horse with a jade bridle.她的丈夫骑着配玉笼头的青白骏马，
侍女金盘脍鲤鱼Her maids serve thin-sliced carp on golden plates.侍女用金盘端上切得细细的鲤鱼。
画阁朱楼尽相望Her painted halls and red towers stand row on row.她家的彩楼红阁一座连着一座，
红桃绿柳垂檐向Red peach and green willow hang down by the eaves.红桃绿柳的枝条垂到屋檐下。
罗帏送上七香车When she goes out, she is helped behind silk curtains into a fragrant carriage.出门时，有人掀开丝帘送她坐上香车，
宝扇迎归九华帐When she comes home, fine fans welcome her back to her rich bed curtains.回来时，有人举着宝扇迎她进入华丽的床帐。
狂夫富贵在青春Her husband grew rich and grand while still young.她丈夫年纪轻轻就富贵了，
意气骄奢剧季伦Proud and wasteful, he outdoes even Shi Chong.神气骄傲，奢侈得超过了石崇。
自怜碧玉亲教舞He dotes on her and teaches her to dance himself.他宠爱她，亲自教她跳舞，
不惜珊瑚持与人Treasures like coral he gives away without a care.珊瑚那样的珍宝，也舍得随手送人。
春窗曙灭九微火By the spring window, the jiuwei lamp is put out only at dawn.春天的窗边，天亮了才熄掉九微灯，
九微片片飞花琐Flakes of lamp flowers drift down on the carved lattice.灯花一片片飞落在雕花窗格上。
戏罢曾无理曲时When play is over, she never practices her music.玩够了，也从没有练过曲子，
妆成只是熏香坐Once dressed and made up, she just sits among the incense.梳妆好了，只是坐着熏香。
城中相识尽繁华Everyone she knows in the city is rich and grand.她在城里认识的，全是有钱有势的人，
日夜经过赵李家Day and night she visits the homes of royal kin.日夜来往的，都是皇亲贵族的家。
谁怜越女颜如玉But who feels for the girl of Yue, with a face like jade?可是谁会怜惜那位美貌如玉的越国姑娘？
贫贱江头自浣纱Poor and lowly, she washes silk alone by the river.她又穷又卑微，只能独自在江边洗纱。

Words字词注释

对门居duì mén jū: duì mén jū: lives across the street (from the poet).对门居：住在（诗人）对门。
才可cái kě: cái kě: just about.才可：刚刚、大约。
颜容yán róng: yán róng: her looks, how old she looks.颜容：容貌，年纪看上去。
十五馀shí wǔ yú: shí wǔ yú: a little over fifteen.十五馀：十五岁多一点。
良人liáng rén: liáng rén: an old word a wife used for her husband.良人：古代妻子对丈夫的称呼。
玉勒yù lè: yù lè: a horse's bridle decorated with jade.玉勒：用玉装饰的马笼头。
骢马cōng mǎ: cōng mǎ: a blue-and-white horse, a fine and costly one.骢马：青白色的马，是名贵的好马。
脍kuài: kuài: to slice fish or meat very thin.脍：把鱼或肉切成很细的片或丝。
画阁朱楼huà gé zhū lóu: huà gé zhū lóu: painted pavilions and red-lacquered towers.画阁朱楼：彩画装饰的楼阁、红漆的高楼。
尽相望jìn xiāng wàng: jìn xiāng wàng: one after another, each in sight of the next.尽相望：一座挨着一座，彼此望得见。
垂檐向chuí yán xiàng: chuí yán xiàng: their branches hang down toward the eaves.垂檐向：枝条垂向屋檐。
罗帏luó wéi: luó wéi: silk curtains on the carriage.罗帏：丝绸做的车帘。
七香车qī xiāng chē: qī xiāng chē: a fancy carriage made of many fragrant woods.七香车：用多种香木做成的华丽车子。
宝扇bǎo shàn: bǎo shàn: fine fans. When a noble lady went out, maids shaded her with long-handled fans.宝扇：华贵的扇子。古代贵族女子出门时，侍女用长柄扇遮挡她。
九华帐jiǔ huá zhàng: jiǔ huá zhàng: a rich bed curtain embroidered with many patterns.九华帐：绣着许多花纹的华丽床帐。
狂夫kuáng fū: kuáng fū: here, her husband.狂夫：这里指她的丈夫。
在青春zài qīng chūn: zài qīng chūn: while still young.在青春：年纪轻轻就有了。
意气骄奢yì qì jiāo shē: yì qì jiāo shē: full of pride, arrogant and wasteful.意气骄奢：神气十足，骄傲又奢侈。
剧季伦jù jì lún: jù jì lún: jù means to outdo. Jilun was the courtesy name of Shi Chong, a famously rich man of the Jin dynasty. So: even more lavish than Shi Chong.剧季伦：剧，胜过；季伦，晋朝大富翁石崇的字。意思是比石崇还要奢侈。
自怜zì lián: zì lián: here, the husband dotes on her himself.自怜：这里指丈夫自己疼爱（她）。
碧玉bì yù: bì yù: once the name of a girl from a humble family in an old song, later used for any pretty girl of plain birth. Here it means the Luoyang girl.碧玉：本是古代一位小户人家女子的名字，后来常指出身普通的美丽女子。这里指洛阳女儿。
珊瑚shān hú: shān hú: coral. Legend says Shi Chong, competing in wealth, smashed a rival's coral tree and gave him bigger ones. Here: the husband gives treasures away without a thought.珊瑚：传说石崇和人比富，打碎了对方的珊瑚树，又拿出更大的珊瑚树赔给他。这里说丈夫随手就把珍宝送人。
曙shǔ: shǔ: dawn.曙：天刚亮。
九微火jiǔ wēi huǒ: jiǔ wēi huǒ: the flame of a jiuwei lamp, a very costly kind of lamp.九微火：九微灯的灯火，是一种很华贵的灯。
片片piàn piàn: piàn piàn: flake by flake. The burnt bits of a wick that look like little flowers are called lamp flowers.片片：灯花一片一片。灯芯烧过结成的花状小块叫灯花。
花琐huā suǒ: huā suǒ: carved window lattice with patterns like linked rings.花琐：雕着花纹、像连环一样的窗格。
戏罢xì bà: xì bà: done with playing.戏罢：玩够了。
理曲lǐ qǔ: lǐ qǔ: to practice music.理曲：练习曲子。
熏香xūn xiāng: xūn xiāng: to burn incense so the scent fills the clothes and the room.熏香：点香，让香气熏染衣服和屋子。
繁华fán huá: fán huá: here, rich and powerful people.繁华：这里指有钱有势的人。
经过jīng guò: jīng guò: to come and visit.经过：来往、拜访。
赵李家zhào lǐ jiā: zhào lǐ jiā: the families of Zhao Feiyan, empress of Emperor Cheng of Han, and of his consort Li Ping. Here it means royal relatives and nobles in general.赵李家：汉成帝的皇后赵飞燕和婕妤李平的娘家，这里泛指皇亲贵族。
越女yuè nǚ: yuè nǚ: a girl of Yue, here Xi Shi. Before she was discovered, she was a poor girl washing silk by the river.越女：越国的女子，这里指西施。西施没被发现以前，是在江边洗纱的穷姑娘。
浣纱huàn shā: huàn shā: washing silk yarn in the water.浣纱：在水里洗纱。

How to read it读音

教jiāo: jiāo wǔ: to teach dancing. Here the character is a verb, "to teach", read jiāo.教舞：教她跳舞，这里“教”是动词，读 jiāo。
曾zēng: zēng wú: never once. Here the character means "actually, at all" and is read zēng, not céng.曾无：竟然没有。“曾”在这里是“竟然”的意思，读 zēng，不读 céng。

Background创作背景

Under the title Wang Wei noted that he was sixteen (another text says eighteen) when he wrote it, so this is a poem of his youth. It describes a young girl of Luoyang who married into a rich family and lives in luxury, but an empty one. In the last two lines the poem suddenly turns to a poor girl washing silk by the river. Most readers think the poet uses this contrast to sigh that talented people from poor families are never given a chance.

这首诗题下有王维的自注“时年十六”（一作十八），说明是他少年时写的。诗写的是洛阳一位嫁入豪门的少女，生活奢华却空虚。最后两句忽然转到江边洗纱的穷姑娘身上。一般认为，诗人借这个对比，感叹有才能的人出身贫寒，就得不到重用。

The poet作者

Wang Wei (701?–761), courtesy name Mojie, was a great Tang poet as well as a painter and musician. People later said his poems "have paintings in them". He was famous as a teenager and went to Chang'an and Luoyang, where he saw how rich noble families lived. This poem comes from those young years, and it already paints a lavish scene in fine detail.

王维（701?—761），字摩诘，唐代大诗人，也是画家和音乐家，后人说他“诗中有画”。他少年时就很有名，十几岁到长安、洛阳一带，见过很多豪门贵族的生活。这首诗就是他少年时期的作品，已经能把华丽的场面写得很细。

The mood意境

Most of the poem is about wealth: fine horses, golden plates, red towers, fragrant carriages, jeweled fans, costly lamps, each grander than the last. The husband is proud and lavish. He treats his wife like a treasure, teaches her to dance, and gives away riches without a thought. And her days? Lamps burn till dawn. After play she never practices music. Once dressed up, she just sits among the incense. As we read on, this life feels busy, but also empty. Then the last two lines swing away like a camera. By the river is a girl as lovely as jade, but because she is poor, she washes silk alone and no one cares. The busier the first part, the colder this last scene feels. The poet blames no one out loud. He just sets the two pictures side by side and lets us compare them and ask whether the world is fair.

这首诗大部分篇幅都在写“富”：骏马、金盘、红楼、香车、宝扇、九微灯，一样比一样华丽。丈夫骄傲奢侈，把妻子当成宝贝，教她跳舞，珍宝随便送人。她的日子呢？灯点到天亮，玩够了不练曲，打扮好了只是坐着熏香。读着读着，我们会觉得这种生活很热闹，也很空。最后两句像镜头一下子转开：江边有个像玉一样美的姑娘，因为穷，只能自己洗纱，没人理会。前面写得越热闹，最后这一幕就越冷清。诗人没有直接骂谁，只是把两个画面并排放着，让我们自己去比较，去想想这个世界公平不公平。