No. 100 · Tang poem · yuefu ballad in five-character lines第 100 首 · 唐诗 · 乐府诗（五言古诗）

guān关shān山yuè月

lǐ李bái白Li Bai · Tang唐

The Moon over the Mountain Pass

míng明yuè月chū出tiān天shān山

cāng苍máng茫yún云hǎi海jiān间

cháng长fēng风jǐ几wàn万lǐ里

chuī吹dù度yù玉mén门guān关

hàn汉xià下bái白dēng登dào道

hú胡kuī窥qīng青hǎi海wān湾

yóu由lái来zhēng征zhàn战dì地

bú不jiàn见yǒu有rén人huán还

shù戍kè客wàng望biān边sè色

sī思guī归duō多kǔ苦yán颜

gāo高lóu楼dāng当cǐ此yè夜

tàn叹xī息wèi未yīng应xián闲

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

明月出天山A bright moon rises over the Heavenly Mountains,一轮明月从天山升起，
苍茫云海间drifting through a vast, hazy sea of clouds.在茫茫的云海中间穿行。
长风几万里A long wind blows for thousands of li长风刮了几万里，
吹度玉门关and sweeps across Jade Gate Pass.一直吹过了玉门关。
汉下白登道Once the Han army marched to Baideng,汉朝的军队出兵白登山，
胡窥青海湾and the Hu peoples still eye Qinghai Lake.胡人一直窥视着青海湖一带。
由来征战地In these places of war since ancient times,自古以来这些打仗的地方，
不见有人还no one has ever been seen to come home.从没见过有谁能活着回来。
戍客望边色The border soldiers look out at the frontier,守边的士兵望着边地的景色，
思归多苦颜their faces full of sorrow as they long for home.想家想得满脸愁苦。
高楼当此夜On this same night, their wives in high towers家里的妻子在高楼上，也在这样的夜晚，
叹息未应闲surely do not stop sighing.叹息声一定不会停下来。

Words字词注释

天山tiān shān: tiān shān: the Heavenly Mountains. Here it is usually taken to mean the Qilian Mountains, in today's Gansu and Qinghai.天山：这里一般认为指祁连山，在今天的甘肃、青海一带。
苍茫cāng máng: cāng máng: vast and hazy, stretching beyond sight.苍茫：又辽阔又模糊，一眼望不到边。
云海yún hǎi: yún hǎi: a sea of clouds.云海：像大海一样一望无际的云。
吹度chuī dù: chuī dù: to blow across. Dù means to cross.吹度：吹过。度，越过。
玉门关yù mén guān: yù mén guān: Jade Gate Pass, an old frontier gate northwest of today's Dunhuang in Gansu, on the road to the Western Regions.玉门关：古代的关口，在今天甘肃敦煌西北，是通往西域的要道。
汉下白登道hàn xià bái dēng dào: hàn xià bái dēng dào: the Han army marched down the road to Baideng. Liu Bang, the first Han emperor, was once trapped by the Xiongnu at Mount Baideng, northeast of today's Datong in Shanxi, for seven days. Xià means to send troops.汉下白登道：汉朝的军队出兵白登山。汉高祖刘邦曾在白登山（今山西大同东北）被匈奴围困了七天。下，出兵。
胡窥青海湾hú kuī qīng hǎi wān: hú kuī qīng hǎi wān: the Hu peoples eyed Qinghai Lake. Hú was an old name for the peoples of the north and west. Kuī means to spy on, wanting to seize. The Tang and the Tibetan empire often fought around Qinghai Lake.胡窥青海湾：胡人一直盯着青海湖一带。胡，古代对北方和西方民族的称呼；窥，暗中窥视、想要侵占。唐朝和吐蕃常在青海湖一带打仗。
由来yóu lái: yóu lái: from of old, always.由来：从来，自古以来。
戍客shù kè: shù kè: soldiers guarding the frontier. Shù means to guard the border.戍客：守卫边疆的士兵。戍，守边。
边色biān sè: biān sè: the look of the border lands.边色：边地的景色。
苦颜kǔ yán: kǔ yán: a sad, worn face.苦颜：愁苦的面容。
高楼gāo lóu: gāo lóu: a high tower; here it means the soldiers' wives at home.高楼：这里指士兵家中的妻子，她住在高楼里。
叹息未应闲tàn xī wèi yīng xián: tàn xī wèi yīng xián: their sighs surely will not stop. Xián here means to stop.叹息未应闲：叹息声应该不会停下来。闲，停止。

How to read it读音

还huán: Here this character means to come back, so it is read huán, not hái.还在这里是“回来”的意思，读 huán，不读 hái。
思sī: In sī guī, 'longing to go home', this character is read sī.思归的思读 sī，是“想念”的意思。
应yīng: This character is read yīng. Wèi yīng means 'surely will not'.应读 yīng，“未应”是“应该不会”的意思。

Background创作背景

'The Moon over the Mountain Pass' is an old title for yuefu songs. It belongs to the 'horizontal flute' tunes, music played on horseback in the army. Such songs usually tell of frontier wars and the pain of parting. Li Bai borrowed this old title for his poem. We no longer know which year he wrote it. In the Tang there were many wars on the northwest border. Many soldiers guarded it for years and could not go home. This poem is about how they and their families missed each other.

《关山月》是一个古老的乐府诗题目，属于“横吹曲”（军中骑马时吹奏的乐曲），内容多写边塞征战和离别的痛苦。李白借用这个旧题目写了这首诗。具体写于哪一年已经说不清了。唐朝时，西北边境战争很多，许多士兵长年守边回不了家，这首诗写的就是他们和家人的思念。

The poet作者

Li Bai (701–762) was a great Tang poet, often called the Immortal of Poetry. His poems are bold and grand, and he loved to write about the moon. He wrote many yuefu poems, often using old titles to carry new feelings. The vast, sweeping opening of this poem is very much in his style.

李白（701—762），唐代大诗人，被人称为“诗仙”。他的诗想象大胆，气势很大，最爱写月亮。他写过不少乐府诗，常用旧题目写出新的感情。这首诗开头那种辽阔的气派，就很有李白的特色。

The mood意境

The first four lines make a huge picture. The moon rises over the Heavenly Mountains and drifts through a sea of clouds. A long wind blows thousands of li and sweeps across Jade Gate Pass. The moon and the wind link the mountains, the clouds and the pass, and the whole northwest frontier opens up at once. The middle four lines turn to history. From the Han to the Tang there was always war here, and few who went ever came back. The last four lines turn to people. Soldiers at the border look at the moon and miss home. Their wives at home sigh under the same moon. One moon shines on two places, and on both sides people are longing. The poem is grand and sad at the same time. It shows the pain of ordinary people behind the wars.

前四句画面非常大：明月从天山升起，穿过茫茫云海；长风刮过几万里，吹过玉门关。月亮和风把天山、云海、玉门关连在一起，一下子铺开了整个西北边疆。中间四句讲历史：从汉朝到唐朝，这里一直在打仗，去打仗的人很少能回来。最后四句写人：边关的士兵望着月亮想家，家里的妻子也在同一个月亮下叹气。同一轮月亮，照着两个地方的人，两边都在思念。这首诗又雄壮又悲凉，让人看到战争背后普通人的痛苦。