Song lyric · ci lyric宋词 · 词

gāo高yáng阳tái台·hè和zhōu周cǎo草chuāng窗jì寄yuè越zhōng中zhū诸yǒu友yùn韵

wáng王yí沂sūn孙Wang Yisun · Song宋

Gao Yang Tai: Answering Zhou Caochuang's Lyric to Friends in Yue

cán残xuě雪tíng庭yīn阴

qīng轻hán寒lián帘yǐng影

fēi霏fēi霏yù玉guǎn管chūn春jiā葭

xiǎo小tiě帖jīn金ní泥

bù不zhī知chūn春zài在shuí谁jiā家

xiāng相sī思yí一yè夜chuāng窗qián前mèng梦

nài奈gè个rén人

shuǐ水gé隔tiān天zhē遮

dàn但qī凄rán然

mǎn满shù树yōu幽xiāng香

mǎn满dì地héng横xié斜

jiāng江nán南zì自shì是lí离chóu愁kǔ苦

kuàng况yóu游cōng骢gǔ古dào道

guī归yàn雁píng平shā沙

zěn怎dé得yín银jiān笺

yīn殷qín勤yǔ与shuō说nián年huá华

rú如jīn今chù处chù处shēng生fāng芳cǎo草

zòng纵píng凭gāo高

bú不jiàn见tiān天yá涯

gèng更xiāo消tā他

jǐ几dù度dōng东fēng风

jǐ几dù度fēi飞huā花

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The title follows the common text, which adds the occasion: answering Zhou Caochuang's lyric to friends in Yue. In the fifth line, some editions have a slightly different word that changes 'where spring is' to 'whose spring it is'.

题目按通行本补上“和周草窗寄越中诸友韵”。“不知春在谁家”一句，有的版本作“不知春是谁家”。

Line by line逐句翻译

残雪庭阴Old snow lingers in the shady courtyard.院子背阴的地方还留着残雪，
轻寒帘影A light chill hangs in the shadow of the curtain.帘影里透着微微的寒意。
霏霏玉管春葭Ash drifts from the jade pipes: spring has come.律管里的葭灰纷纷飞出，春天到了。
小帖金泥Little spring cards are written in gold,人们写好了金字的春帖，
不知春在谁家but I do not know whose home spring has reached.可我不知道春天到了谁家。
相思一夜窗前梦Missing you, I dream all night by the window.想念朋友，一整夜在窗前做梦，
奈个人But you, my friend,无奈那个人，
水隔天遮are cut off by water and hidden by the sky.被江水隔开，被天边挡住。
但凄然All I have is sorrow,只有我伤心地看着，
满树幽香a whole tree of quiet plum scent,满树梅花的幽香，
满地横斜and plum shadows lying slant across the ground.满地横斜的梅影。
江南自是离愁苦In the south, parting is already a heavy sorrow,江南本来就让人离愁满怀，
况游骢古道let alone travelers' horses on the old road,何况还有古道上远行的马，
归雁平沙and homing geese landing on the flat sand.北归的大雁落在平坦的沙滩。
怎得银笺How can I find fine letter paper怎么才能得到一张银笺，
殷勤与说年华and tell you warmly about the passing years?细细地对你说说这些年的光景？
如今处处生芳草Now sweet grass grows everywhere.如今到处都长满了芳草，
纵凭高Even if I climb high,就算登上高处，
不见天涯I cannot see you at the edge of the sky.也看不见天边的你。
更消他How much more can I bear:还能经受得住，
几度东风how many more east winds,几回东风，
几度飞花how many more falling flowers?几回落花？

Words字词注释

庭阴tíng yīn: tíng yīn: the shady side of the courtyard.庭阴：院子里背阴的地方。
帘影lián yǐng: lián yǐng: the shadow of the curtain.帘影：帘子的影子。
霏霏fēi fēi: fēi fēi: drifting and flying in a fine scatter.霏霏：纷纷飘飞的样子。
玉管春葭yù guǎn chūn jiā: yù guǎn chūn jiā: people of old put ash from burned reed skin into jade pipes. When a new season arrived, the ash was said to fly out. Here it means spring has come.玉管春葭：古人把芦苇膜烧成的灰放进玉做的律管里，到了某个节气，灰就会飞出来，说明节气到了。这里是说春天来了。
小帖金泥xiǎo tiě jīn ní: xiǎo tiě jīn ní: small cards written in gold paint. On the first day of spring, people of old wrote such spring cards and put them up on doors.小帖金泥：用金粉写字的小帖子。古时立春这天，人们会写这样的春帖贴在门上。
春在谁家chūn zài shuí jiā: chūn zài shuí jiā: whose home has spring come to? It means spring is here, but the poet does not feel it.春在谁家：春天到了谁家呢？意思是春天来了，自己却感觉不到。
奈nài: nài: there is nothing one can do.奈：无奈，没办法。
个人gè rén: gè rén: that person, the friend far away.个人：那个人，指远方的朋友。
水隔天遮shuǐ gé tiān zhē: shuǐ gé tiān zhē: cut off by water, hidden by the sky. It means very far apart.水隔天遮：被江水隔开，被天边挡住，形容相隔很远。
凄然qī rán: qī rán: sad and heavy-hearted.凄然：伤心的样子。
幽香yōu xiāng: yōu xiāng: a faint, quiet scent, the scent of plum blossom.幽香：淡淡的清香，指梅花的香。
横斜héng xié: héng xié: shadows lying across at a slant, the shadows of plum branches. The Song poet Lin Bu wrote a famous line about plum shadows lying slant.横斜：横着斜着的影子，指梅枝的影子。宋代林逋写梅花有“疏影横斜”的名句。
自是zì shì: zì shì: is already, by its nature.自是：本来就是。
况kuàng: kuàng: what is more, let alone.况：何况，更不用说。
游骢yóu cōng: yóu cōng: the horse of a traveler. Cōng is a blue-and-white horse.游骢：远行人骑的马。骢，青白色的马。
平沙píng shā: píng shā: a flat sandy bank.平沙：平坦的沙滩。
银笺yín jiān: yín jiān: fine letter paper.银笺：精美的信纸。
殷勤yīn qín: yīn qín: warmly and with care.殷勤：热情、细心地。
年华nián huá: nián huá: time, the years going by.年华：时光，这里指一年年过去的光景。
凭高píng gāo: píng gāo: climbing high to look far.凭高：登到高处往远看。
天涯tiān yá: tiān yá: the edge of the sky, the far place where the friend is.天涯：天边，指朋友所在的远方。
更消他gèng xiāo tā: gèng xiāo tā: how much more can one bear. Xiāo here means to endure.更消他：还能经受得住多少。消，经受、禁得住。
几度jǐ dù: jǐ dù: how many times.几度：几回。

How to read it读音

帖tiě: It means a small written card, so the character is read tiě, as in an invitation card.小帖，写着字的小纸片，“帖”读 tiě，和“请帖”的“帖”一样。
斜xié: It is read xié today. In old times it was read xiá, which rhymed with the other line endings here such as jiā, zhē, shā and huā.现在读 xié。古音读 xiá，和“葭、家、遮、沙、华、涯、花”押韵。
殷yīn: It means warm and attentive, so the character is read yīn.殷勤，热情周到，“殷”读 yīn。

Background创作背景

Zhou Mi, called Caochuang, wrote a lyric to the same tune and sent it to his friends in Yue, the area around today's Shaoxing in Zhejiang. Wang Yisun came from Kuaiji, today's Shaoxing, and was Zhou Mi's good friend. He answered with this lyric, using the same rhyme words. This is called matching rhymes. It is early spring, the plum is in bloom, but parted from his friend, the poet cannot feel spring's joy. The exact year is not known.

周密号草窗，他写过一首《高阳台》，寄给越中（今浙江绍兴一带）的朋友们。王沂孙是会稽（今绍兴）人，是周密的好朋友，就用同样的韵脚写了这首词来回答。这种写法叫“和韵”。词里写早春时节，梅花开了，作者却因为和朋友分离，感受不到春天的快乐。具体写作年份不清楚。

The poet作者

Wang Yisun, also called Bishan, came from Kuaiji and was a ci poet at the end of the Southern Song. He was best at lyrics about objects, using plum blossom, a cicada or the moon to speak his own heart. He often wrote and traded lyrics with friends such as Zhou Mi and Zhang Yan.

王沂孙，号碧山，会稽人，是南宋末年的词人。他最擅长写咏物词，就是借写一样东西，比如梅花、蝉、月亮，来表达自己的心事。他和周密、张炎等人常常一起写词唱和。

The mood意境

The first half shows early spring: old snow, a light chill, flying ash in the pipes, gold spring cards. Everything says spring has come, yet the poet asks whose home it has reached, as if spring has nothing to do with him. He has dreamed of his friend all night, but the friend is beyond the water and the sky. Waking, he sees only plum scent and plum shadows, and the more lovely they are, the lonelier he feels. In the second half come horses on the old road and homing geese landing on the sand. He wants to write, but where to begin? At last sweet grass covers the far horizon, and even from a height he cannot see his friend. How many more east winds and falling flowers must he live through? Layer upon layer of spring becomes layer upon layer of longing.

上半首先写早春：残雪、轻寒、葭灰飞、金字春帖，样样都在说春天来了，作者却问“不知春在谁家”，好像春天和他没有关系。原来他整夜梦见朋友，可朋友隔着江水、天边。醒来只看到满树梅香、满地梅影，越美越孤单。下半首写古道上的行马、落在沙滩上的归雁，想写信又不知从何说起。最后芳草长满天涯，登高也望不见人，还要再经历多少回东风、多少回落花。一层层的春景，都变成了一层层的思念。