Song lyric · ci to the tune Gao Yang Tai, 100 characters in two stanzas宋词 · 词，词牌《高阳台》，双调100字

gāo高yáng阳tái台·fēng丰lè乐lóu楼fēn分yùn韵dé得rú如zì字

wú吴wén文yīng英Wu Wenying · Song宋

Gao Yang Tai: At Fengle Tower, Given the Rhyme Ru

xiū修zhú竹níng凝zhuāng妆

chuí垂yáng杨zhù驻mǎ马

píng凭lán阑qiǎn浅huà画chéng成tú图

shān山sè色shuí谁tí题

lóu楼qián前yǒu有yàn雁xié斜shū书

dōng东fēng风jǐn紧sòng送xié斜yáng阳xià下

nòng弄jiù旧hán寒wǎn晚jiǔ酒xǐng醒yú馀

zì自xiāo销níng凝

néng能jǐ几huā花qián前

dùn顿lǎo老xiāng相rú如

shāng伤chūn春bú不zài在gāo高lóu楼shàng上

zài在dēng灯qián前qī敧zhěn枕

yǔ雨wài外xūn熏lú炉

pà怕yǐ舣yóu游chuán船

lín临liú流kě可nài奈qīng清qú臞

fēi飞hóng红ruò若dào到xī西hú湖dǐ底

jiǎo搅cuì翠lán澜zǒng总shì是chóu愁yú鱼

mò莫chóng重lái来

chuī吹jìn尽xiāng香mián绵

lèi泪mǎn满píng平wú芜

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

修竹凝妆Tall bamboo stands like a beauty in her finest,高高的竹子像打扮好的美人，
垂杨驻马hanging willows seem to hold back the rider,垂下的柳枝好像要留住骑马的人，
凭阑浅画成图and leaning on the railing, I see it all as a lightly painted picture.靠着栏杆看去，一切像一幅淡淡的画。
山色谁题Who will write a poem on these hills?这山色由谁来题诗呢？
楼前有雁斜书Before the tower, geese fly in a slanting line, as if writing in the sky.楼前的大雁排成斜行，像在天上写字。
东风紧送斜阳下The east wind hurries the setting sun down,东风急急地把夕阳送下山去，
弄旧寒晚酒醒馀and just as I wake from the evening's wine, it brings back the early spring chill.傍晚的酒刚醒，又带来了早春的寒意。
自销凝Alone, I sink into sad thought.我独自出神发愁，
能几花前How many more times can I stand before the flowers?还能在花前赏几回春呢？
顿老相如Like Sima Xiangru, I have grown old all at once.我像司马相如一样，一下子就老了。
伤春不在高楼上Grief for spring is not up in the tall tower,伤春的心情不在高楼上，
在灯前敧枕but by the lamp, leaning on my pillow,而在灯前斜靠着枕头时，
雨外熏炉by the incense burner, with rain outside.在窗外雨声里、熏炉边上。
怕舣游船I fear mooring the pleasure boat,我怕把游船停靠在岸边，
临流可奈清臞for at the water's edge, how could I bear to see how thin I am?走到水边，怎能受得了看见自己清瘦的样子。
飞红若到西湖底If the falling petals sink to the bottom of West Lake,飘落的花瓣如果沉到西湖底，
搅翠澜总是愁鱼stirring the green waves, even the fish will grieve.搅动碧波，连鱼也会发愁。
莫重来Do not come back again,不要再来了，
吹尽香绵for by then the willow down will be blown away,那时柳絮已经吹光，
泪满平芜and tears will cover the grassy plain.只剩眼泪洒满平坦的草地。

Words字词注释

修竹xiū zhú: xiū zhú: tall, slender bamboo.修竹：又高又长的竹子。
凝妆níng zhuāng: níng zhuāng: dressed up neatly, like a beauty in her finest.凝妆：打扮得整整齐齐，像盛装的美人。
驻马zhù mǎ: zhù mǎ: to stop a horse. The hanging willows seem to hold back the rider.驻马：让马停下来。垂下的柳枝好像在留住骑马的人。
凭阑píng lán: píng lán: leaning on the railing.凭阑：靠着栏杆。
浅画成图qiǎn huà chéng tú: qiǎn huà chéng tú: the view looks like a lightly painted picture.浅画成图：眼前的景色像一幅淡淡的画。
题tí: tí: to write a poem on a painting.题：在画上写字题诗。
雁斜书yàn xié shū: yàn xié shū: wild geese flying in a slanted line, as if writing in the sky.雁斜书：大雁排成斜斜的队形，像在天上写字。
紧jǐn: jǐn: hard, in a hurry.紧：急，用力。
弄旧寒nòng jiù hán: nòng jiù hán: stirring up the leftover cold of early spring.弄旧寒：又带来了初春剩下的寒意。
晚酒醒馀wǎn jiǔ xǐng yú: wǎn jiǔ xǐng yú: just after waking from the evening's wine.晚酒醒馀：傍晚喝的酒刚醒过来以后。
销凝xiāo níng: xiāo níng: lost in sad thought, staring blankly.销凝：出神发愁，伤心得发呆。
能几néng jǐ: néng jǐ: how many more times.能几：能有几回。
顿老相如dùn lǎo xiāng rú: dùn lǎo xiāng rú: Sima Xiangru grows old all at once. Sima Xiangru was a gifted Western Han writer; the poet uses him for himself.顿老相如：一下子就老了。相如，西汉的才子司马相如，作者用他比自己。
敧枕qī zhěn: qī zhěn: leaning on a pillow.敧枕：斜靠在枕头上。
熏炉xūn lú: xūn lú: a small burner for incense and warmth.熏炉：烧香取暖的小炉子。
舣yǐ: yǐ: to moor a boat at the bank.舣：把船靠岸停住。
可奈kě nài: kě nài: how can one bear it.可奈：怎么受得了，无可奈何。
清臞qīng qú: qīng qú: thin and worn. He fears seeing his thin face reflected in the water.清臞：清瘦。臞，瘦。怕在水边看见自己消瘦的倒影。
飞红fēi hóng: fēi hóng: falling petals.飞红：飘落的花瓣。
翠澜cuì lán: cuì lán: green waves.翠澜：碧绿的波浪。
愁鱼chóu yú: chóu yú: sad fish. When the petals sink to the bottom of the lake, even the fish are sad.愁鱼：发愁的鱼。落花沉到湖底，连鱼也跟着发愁。
香绵xiāng mián: xiāng mián: willow down.香绵：柳絮。
平芜píng wú: píng wú: flat, grassy land.平芜：平坦的长满青草的原野。

How to read it读音

敧qī: This character is read qī and means leaning to one side.“敧”读 qī，意思是斜靠着，同“欹”。
重chóng: In chong lai it is read chóng, meaning once again.“重来”的“重”读 chóng，意思是再一次。
醒xǐng: Here it is read xǐng as today. In old usage it could also be read in a level tone, xīng.这里按今天的读法读 xǐng。古时“醒”也可以读平声 xīng。

Background创作背景

Fengle Tower was a large wine house beside West Lake in Lin'an, the Southern Song capital, today's Hangzhou. It stood outside Yongjin Gate and had a fine view. The title says the friends gathered there each drew a rhyme word to write with, and Wu Wenying drew ru, so the whole lyric rhymes with ru. It shows the late-spring view from the tower and the poet's sorrow for passing spring and his own aging. The exact year is not known.

丰乐楼是南宋都城临安（今浙江杭州）西湖边的一座大酒楼，在涌金门外，风景很好。题目里的“分韵得如字”，是说几个朋友在楼上聚会作词，每人分到一个韵字，吴文英分到“如”字，所以全词押“如”这一韵。这首词写暮春登楼的景色和伤春、伤老的心情。具体年份已经不清楚。

The poet作者

Wu Wenying (about 1200–about 1260) came from Siming, today's Ningbo in Zhejiang, and was a Southern Song poet. He never held office and spent many years as an adviser in other men's households, living mostly around Suzhou and Hangzhou. His lyrics use rich, carefully chosen words and leap from image to image, like pieces of brocade sewn together. Some find them hard; others admire them greatly.

吴文英（约1200—约1260），字君特，号梦窗，四明（今浙江宁波）人，南宋词人。他一生没有做官，长期在别人府上当幕僚，在苏州、杭州一带住了很久。他的词用字华丽、讲究，意思跳跃，像一块块拼起来的锦缎，有人觉得难懂，也有人非常推崇。

The mood意境

The first stanza is a painting seen from the tower: bamboo like a beauty, willows holding back a horse, geese writing in the sky, the sun hurried down by the east wind. It is lovely, but when the wine wears off the cold sets in, and the poet suddenly feels old. The second stanza says real grief for spring is not in the busy tower. It comes at night by the lamp, leaning alone on a pillow while rain falls. He fears going to the lake and seeing his thin reflection, and pictures petals sinking to the bottom so that even the fish are sad. At the end he says do not come back: once the willow down is gone, there will only be tears on the grass. The lyric makes sorrow for spring both beautiful and heavy.

上阕写登楼看到的画：竹子像美人，柳枝留住马，大雁在天上写字，夕阳被东风催下山。景色很美，可酒醒以后寒意袭来，词人一下觉得自己老了。下阕说，真正的伤春不在热闹的高楼，而在夜里灯前、雨声中独自靠着枕头的时候。他怕走到湖边看见自己消瘦的影子，又想象落花沉到湖底，连鱼都发愁。最后说别再来了，等到柳絮吹光，只会泪洒草地。词把伤春写得又美又重。