Song lyric · ci, a long lyric in two stanzas宋词 · 词·双调慢词

fēng风liú流zǐ子·xīn新lǜ绿xiǎo小chí池táng塘

zhōu周bāng邦yàn彦Zhou Bangyan · Song宋

Feng Liu Zi: Fresh Green on the Little Pond

xīn新lǜ绿xiǎo小chí池táng塘

fēng风lián帘dòng动

suì碎yǐng影wǔ舞xié斜yáng阳

xiàn羡jīn金wū屋qù去lái来

jiù旧shí时cháo巢yàn燕

tǔ土huā花liáo缭rào绕

qián前dù度méi莓qiáng墙

xiù绣gé阁fèng凤wéi帏shēn深jǐ几xǔ许

céng曾tīng听de得lǐ理sī丝huáng簧

yù欲shuō说yòu又xiū休

lǜ虑guāi乖fāng芳xìn信

wèi未gē歌xiān先yè咽

chóu愁jìn近qīng清shāng觞

yáo遥zhī知xīn新zhuāng妆liǎo了

kāi开zhū朱hù户

yīng应zì自dài待yuè月xī西xiāng厢

zuì最kǔ苦mèng梦hún魂

jīn今xiāo宵bú不dào到yī伊háng行

wèn问shèn甚shí时shuō说yǔ与

jiā佳yīn音mì密hào耗

jì寄jiāng将qín秦jìng镜

tōu偷huàn换hán韩xiāng香

tiān天biàn便jiào教rén人

shà霎shí时sī厮jiàn见hé何fáng妨

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

新绿小池塘The little pond is fresh and green;小池塘一片新绿，
风帘动the wind stirs the curtain,风吹动帘子，
碎影舞斜阳and broken shadows dance in the setting sun.零碎的光影在夕阳里跳舞。
羡金屋去来I envy those who fly in and out of the fine house:我羡慕那些能在华屋里飞进飞出的，
旧时巢燕the swallows that have always nested there.从前就在那里做窝的燕子。
土花缭绕Moss winds round and round青苔一圈圈地爬着，
前度莓墙the same mossy wall I saw last time.还是上次我来时见到的那道长满青苔的墙。
绣阁凤帏深几许How deep inside are her embroidered room and phoenix curtains?她的绣楼、凤帐，究竟有多深呢？
曾听得理丝簧Once I heard music from in there, strings and pipes.我曾经听见里面传出弹琴吹笙的声音。
欲说又休She wanted to speak but stopped,她想说什么，又停住了，
虑乖芳信afraid our meeting would go wrong;担心约会会被耽误；
未歌先咽before she sang, her voice choked,还没开口唱，先哽咽了，
愁近清觞and full of sorrow she lifted her cup.满怀愁绪，端起清酒杯。
遥知新妆了From far away I picture her, make-up just done,我在远处想，她刚梳好了妆，
开朱户opening the red door,打开红色的门，
应自待月西厢waiting in the west wing for the moon to rise.应该正在西厢等着月亮升起吧。
最苦梦魂The worst pain is my dreaming soul:最痛苦的是我的梦，
今宵不到伊行tonight it cannot reach her side.今夜也到不了她身边。
问甚时说与When can I tell her请问什么时候才能告诉她，
佳音密耗my good news and secret words,我的好消息和悄悄话，
寄将秦镜send her a mirror,寄给她镜子，
偷换韩香and secretly trade rare incense?偷偷交换珍贵的香呢？
天便教人Heaven, if only you would let us老天就算让我们
霎时厮见何妨meet for just a moment, what harm could it do!见上短短一面，又有什么关系呢！

Words字词注释

风帘fēng lián: fēng lián: a curtain stirred by the wind.风帘：被风吹动的帘子。
碎影suì yǐng: suì yǐng: broken flickers of light and shadow.碎影：帘子和水面上晃动的零碎光影。
羡xiàn: xiàn: to envy.羡：羡慕。
金屋jīn wū: jīn wū: a golden house. As a boy, Emperor Wu of Han said he would build one for the girl he loved; here it means where the woman lives.金屋：华美的房子。汉武帝小时候说要造金屋给心爱的人住，这里指那位女子的住处。
巢燕cháo yàn: cháo yàn: swallows nesting under the eaves.巢燕：在屋檐下做窝的燕子。
土花tǔ huā: tǔ huā: moss.土花：青苔。
缭绕liáo rào: liáo rào: winding all around.缭绕：一圈圈地绕着。
前度qián dù: qián dù: last time.前度：上一次。
莓墙méi qiáng: méi qiáng: a moss-covered wall.莓墙：长满青苔的墙。
绣阁xiù gé: xiù gé: a woman's fine upstairs room.绣阁：女子住的华美的小楼。
凤帏fèng wéi: fèng wéi: bed curtains embroidered with phoenixes.凤帏：绣着凤凰的帐子。
几许jǐ xǔ: jǐ xǔ: how much, how deep.几许：多少，有多深。
理丝簧lǐ sī huáng: lǐ sī huáng: playing music. Sī are string instruments; huáng are reed pipes.理丝簧：弹奏乐器。丝，弦乐；簧，管乐。
休xiū: xiū: to stop.休：停下。
虑lǜ: lǜ: to worry.虑：担心。
乖guāi: guāi: to go wrong, to miss.乖：违背，错过。
芳信fāng xìn: fāng xìn: word of a meeting.芳信：约会的消息。
清觞qīng shāng: qīng shāng: a cup of clear wine.清觞：装着清酒的杯子。
遥知yáo zhī: yáo zhī: to know from far away, to imagine.遥知：在远处料想、知道。
新妆xīn zhuāng: xīn zhuāng: fresh make-up.新妆：刚梳好的妆。
朱户zhū hù: zhū hù: red doors.朱户：红色的门窗。
待月西厢dài yuè xī xiāng: dài yuè xī xiāng: in a Tang story, Yingying asks her lover to meet at the west wing when the moon rises. Here, she waits for her love.待月西厢：唐代小说《莺莺传》里，莺莺约张生在西厢房等月亮出来时见面。这里说她在等心上人。
伊行yī háng: yī háng: where she is. Yī means she.伊行：她那里。伊，她。
甚时shèn shí: shèn shí: when.甚时：什么时候。
说与shuō yǔ: shuō yǔ: to tell.说与：告诉。
密耗mì hào: mì hào: secret news.密耗：秘密的消息。
秦镜qín jìng: qín jìng: Qin Jia of the Eastern Han sent his wife a mirror while he was away; here, a love token.秦镜：东汉的秦嘉在外做官，送给妻子一面镜子。这里指送给心上人的信物。
韩香hán xiāng: hán xiāng: in the Jin dynasty, the daughter of Jia Chong loved Han Shou and stole her father's rare incense for him; here, a secret gift.韩香：晋朝贾充的女儿喜欢韩寿，偷了父亲珍贵的香送给他。这里指偷偷互赠信物。
便biàn: biàn: even if.便：就算，即使。
教jiào: jiào: to let, to make.教：让。
霎时shà shí: shà shí: a moment.霎时：一会儿，很短的时间。
厮见sī jiàn: sī jiàn: to meet each other.厮见：相见。
何妨hé fáng: hé fáng: what harm would it do?何妨：有什么关系呢？

How to read it读音

咽yè: Here this character is read yè, choking up, not yàn, to swallow.咽在这里读 yè，是哽咽、说不出声的意思，不读吞咽的 yàn。
了liǎo: Here this character is read liǎo, meaning finished: her make-up is done.了在这里读 liǎo，是“完毕”的意思：梳妆好了。
行háng: Here this character is read háng; yī háng means her side, where she is.行在这里读 háng，“伊行”就是“她那里”。
甚shèn: Here this character means "what". It is usually read shèn, though some read it shén.甚在这里是“什么”的意思，一般读 shèn，也有人读 shén。

Background创作背景

This lyric shows a man longing for a woman who lives deep inside a fine house. He can hear her music from afar but cannot see her. A Song dynasty notebook says that when Zhou Bangyan served as an official in Lishui, he fell for a woman in another official's household and wrote this lyric. The story may not be true, and the year is not known.

这首词写一个男子思念一位住在深宅里的女子，能远远听见她的琴声，却见不到她。宋代有笔记说，周邦彦在溧水做官时，喜欢上了一位官员家里的女子，写下这首词。这个故事不一定可靠，写作年份也说不清。

The poet作者

Zhou Bangyan (1056–1121), also called Qingzhen Jushi, was a Northern Song ci poet. He was a master of music and once ran the court's music office. His lyrics follow the tune rules strictly, choose words with great care, and weave in older poems and stories. Later readers honored him as the one who brought together all the skills of Northern Song lyrics.

周邦彦（1056—1121），号清真居士，北宋词人，精通音乐，还管理过朝廷的音乐机构。他的词格律严谨，用字讲究，善于把前人的诗句和故事化进词里。后人很推崇他，把他看作北宋词的集大成者。

The mood意境

This lyric is about a love you can see and hear but cannot reach. It opens on a small scene at the turn of spring and summer: a fresh green pond, a curtain in the wind, shadows dancing in the sunset. The poet envies the swallows, because they can fly into her house whenever they like, while he must stand outside the mossy wall. Then he imagines her inside. She wants to speak but dares not, and her voice chokes before she sings; she is sad too. In the second stanza he pictures her, make-up done, waiting for the moon, yet even his dreams cannot reach her. At last he asks, impatient: when can I tell her what is in my heart? The ending is almost a cry to heaven: what harm would one short meeting do? The feeling moves from quiet hints to plain words, more and more urgent.

这首词写的是“看得见、听得见，却够不着”的相思。开头是春夏之交的小景：池塘新绿，帘子被风吹动，影子在夕阳里跳。诗人羡慕燕子，因为燕子能随便飞进她的屋子，自己却只能站在长满青苔的墙外。接着他想象屋里的她：想说又不敢说，没唱先哽咽，她也在发愁。下片他想象她梳好妆在等月亮，可自己连做梦都到不了她身边。最后他着急地问：什么时候才能把心里话告诉她？结尾几乎是对着老天喊：让我们见一面又怎么样呢！感情从含蓄慢慢变得直白，越来越急切。