No. 68 · Tang poem · five-character quatrain第 68 首 · 唐诗 · 五言绝句

dú独zuò坐jìng敬tíng亭shān山

lǐ李bái白Li Bai · Tang唐

Sitting Alone Facing Jingting Mountain

 

zhòng众niǎo鸟gāo高fēi飞jìn尽

gū孤yún云dú独qù去xián闲

xiāng相kàn看liǎng两bú不yàn厌

zhǐ只yǒu有jìng敬tíng亭shān山

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的,点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

01

Line by line逐句翻译

  1. 众鸟高飞尽The flocks of birds have flown high and away,一群群鸟儿高高飞走,都不见了,
  2. 孤云独去闲and a lone cloud drifts off at its ease.天上那片孤云,也悠闲地独自飘走了。
  3. 相看两不厌We look at each other and never tire,我看着山,山也看着我,谁也看不够,
  4. 只有敬亭山only I and Jingting Mountain.只有这座敬亭山了。
02

Words字词注释

众鸟zhòng niǎo
zhòng niǎo: many birds.众鸟:许多鸟。
尽jìn
jìn: all gone, not one left.尽:完了,一只也没有了。
孤云gū yún
gū yún: a lone cloud.孤云:一片孤零零的云。
独去闲dú qù xián
dú qù xián: drifts away alone, slow and easy.独去闲:独自飘走,悠悠闲闲的。
相看xiāng kàn
xiāng kàn: looking at each other.相看:互相看着。
两不厌liǎng bú yàn
liǎng bù yàn: neither grows tired of the other; they never get enough of looking.两不厌:两个都不觉得厌烦,怎么看也看不够。
敬亭山jìng tíng shān
jìng tíng shān: Jingting Mountain, north of today's Xuancheng in Anhui.敬亭山:山名,在今天安徽宣城的北边。
03

How to read it读音

看kàn
Today this character is read kàn. By the tone pattern of old poems this spot is a level tone, so some people read it kān.看,现在读 kàn。按古诗的平仄,这里是平声,所以也有人读 kān。
04

Background创作背景

This poem is usually dated to 753. By then Li Bai had left Chang'an almost ten years before and had been wandering from place to place. All his life he wanted to do great things, but he was never given a real chance, and he felt very lonely. That year he came to Xuancheng, in today's Anhui. Sitting alone before Jingting Mountain north of the town, he wrote this poem.

一般认为这首诗写于唐玄宗天宝十二年(753年)。那时李白离开长安已经快十年了,一直在各地漂泊。他一生想做一番大事业,却总是不被重用,心里很孤独。这一年他来到宣城(今安徽宣城),独自坐在城北的敬亭山前,写下了这首诗。

05

The poet作者

Li Bai (701–762) was a great Tang poet, often called the Immortal of Poetry. He was bold and free, loved wine, and loved to roam the hills and rivers. He once held a post in Chang'an but left after a few years. He loved the scenery around Xuancheng, came back many times in his later years, and wrote many poems about it.

李白(701—762),唐代大诗人,被人称为“诗仙”。他性格豪放,爱喝酒,爱游山玩水。他曾经在长安做官,可没过几年就离开了。他很喜欢宣城一带的山水,晚年多次来这里,写了不少关于宣城的诗。

06

The mood意境

The first two lines show what Li Bai sees. All the birds have flown off, and the last cloud drifts slowly away. Suddenly the world is empty and still. That is how he feels inside too, as if everything has left him. The last two lines are special. He and the mountain gaze at each other and never tire of it. The mountain seems to have feelings, and becomes his only friend. It is like someone who is sad talking to a big tree outside the window. The poem is about a mountain, but it speaks of loneliness.

前两句写李白看到的:鸟儿全都飞走了,最后一片云也慢慢飘走了。天地间一下子变得空荡荡、静悄悄的。这也是他心里的感觉:身边好像什么都离开了。后两句很特别:他和山互相看着,谁也看不够。山好像也有了感情,成了他唯一的朋友。这就像一个人难过的时候,对着窗外的一棵大树说心里话。写的是山,说的是孤独。

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