No. 15 · Tang poem · five-character old-style poem第 15 首 · 唐诗 · 五言古诗

yuè月xià下dú独zhuó酌sì四shǒu首·qí其yī一

lǐ李bái白Li Bai · Tang唐

Drinking Alone Under the Moon (First of Four)

huā花jiān间yì一hú壶jiǔ酒

dú独zhuó酌wú无xiāng相qīn亲

jǔ举bēi杯yāo邀míng明yuè月

duì对yǐng影chéng成sān三rén人

yuè月jì既bù不jiě解yǐn饮

yǐng影tú徒suí随wǒ我shēn身

zàn暂bàn伴yuè月jiāng将yǐng影

xíng行lè乐xū须jí及chūn春

wǒ我gē歌yuè月pái徘huái徊

wǒ我wǔ舞yǐng影líng零luàn乱

xǐng醒shí时tóng同jiāo交huān欢

zuì醉hòu后gè各fēn分sàn散

yǒng永jié结wú无qíng情yóu游

xiāng相qī期miǎo邈yún云hàn汉

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus writes pai huai, to linger, with an older pair of characters; the textbook uses the modern ones. The meaning is the same.

语料库作“我歌月裴回”，课本作“我歌月徘徊”。“裴回”是“徘徊”的古代写法，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

花间一壶酒Among the flowers, a pot of wine,在花丛中摆着一壶酒，
独酌无相亲I drink alone, with no friend by me.我一个人喝，没有亲近的人陪着。
举杯邀明月I raise my cup to invite the bright moon,我举起酒杯，邀请明月，
对影成三人and with my shadow we make three.再对着我的影子，就成了三个人。
月既不解饮But the moon does not know how to drink,可是月亮本来不懂喝酒，
影徒随我身and my shadow only follows me around.影子也只会白白地跟着我。
暂伴月将影For now, let the moon and my shadow keep me company,暂且让月亮和影子陪着我吧，
行乐须及春for fun must be had while it is spring.寻欢作乐要趁着春天。
我歌月徘徊I sing, and the moon seems to linger to and fro;我唱歌，月亮好像在来回徘徊；
我舞影零乱I dance, and my shadow sways all about.我跳舞，影子也跟着乱晃。
醒时同交欢While I am awake, we share our joy;清醒的时候，我们一起快乐，
醉后各分散once I am drunk, we each go our own way.喝醉以后，就各自分开。
永结无情游I will be friends forever with these companions free of worldly feelings,我愿意和它们永远结成忘掉世俗的朋友，
相期邈云汉and we promise to meet again far off by the Milky Way.约好将来在遥远的银河边再相会。

Words字词注释

壶hú: hú: a pot for wine, with a handle and a spout.壶：装酒的器皿，有把手和壶嘴。
独酌dú zhuó: dú zhuó: drinking alone.独酌：一个人喝酒。
无相亲wú xiāng qīn: wú xiāng qīn: no close friend to keep him company.无相亲：没有亲近的人陪着。
邀yāo: yāo: to invite.邀：邀请。
对影成三人duì yǐng chéng sān rén: duì yǐng chéng sān rén: the moon, me and my shadow make three people.对影成三人：明月、我、我的影子，正好三个“人”。
既jì: jì: since, already.既：已经，本来就。
不解饮bù jiě yǐn: bù jiě yǐn: does not know how to drink. Jiě means to understand.不解饮：不懂得喝酒。解，懂得。
徒tú: tú: only, in vain.徒：白白地，只是。
暂zàn: zàn: for now.暂：暂且，姑且。
将jiāng: jiāng: and.将：和。
行乐xíng lè: xíng lè: to have fun, to enjoy oneself.行乐：玩乐，享受快乐。
须及春xū jí chūn: xū jí chūn: one must do it while it is still spring.须及春：要趁着春天的好时光。
徘徊pái huái: pái huái: to pace back and forth; here the moon seems to move to and fro with the song.徘徊：走来走去，这里说月亮好像随着歌声来回移动。
零乱líng luàn: líng luàn: in a jumble; here the shadow sways wildly with the dance.零乱：乱糟糟的，这里说影子跟着舞步散乱。
交欢jiāo huān: jiāo huān: to enjoy together.交欢：一起欢乐。
无情游wú qíng yóu: wú qíng yóu: a friendship with the moon and the shadow, which have no human feelings and are untroubled by worldly things.无情游：和没有感情的月亮、影子结成的交游。无情，没有人的感情，不会被世俗的事牵绊。
相期xiāng qī: xiāng qī: to make a promise to meet.相期：互相约好。
邈miǎo: miǎo: far, far away.邈：遥远。
云汉yún hàn: yún hàn: the Milky Way, here the far-off heavens.云汉：天上的银河，这里指天上仙境。

How to read it读音

将jiāng: Here it means and, together with, read jiāng.将，这里是“和、与”的意思，读 jiāng。
乐lè: It means to enjoy oneself, so the character is read lè, not yuè as in music.行乐，寻欢作乐，“乐”读 lè，不读音乐的 yuè。
散sàn: It means to part, so the character is read sàn.分散，分开，“散”读 sàn。
酌zhuó: It means to pour and drink wine, read zhuó.酌，倒酒喝酒，读 zhuó。

Background创作背景

Drinking Alone Under the Moon is a set of four poems, and this is the first. It is usually thought to have been written around 744, when Li Bai was in Chang'an. He then served at court as a hanlin attendant, an official who wrote poems and prose for the emperor. But he could not do the great things he hoped, some people at court worked against him, and he felt very lonely. Other dates have also been suggested.

《月下独酌》一共四首，这是第一首。一般认为是唐玄宗天宝三载（744年）前后，李白在长安时写的。那时他在朝廷里做翰林供奉，就是陪皇帝写诗作文的官，可是并不得志，又受到一些人的排挤，心里很孤独。写作年份也有别的说法。

The poet作者

Li Bai (701–762) was a great Tang poet, often called the Immortal of Poetry. He loved wine and loved the moon, and both appear in his poems again and again. His poems are bold in imagination and free in feeling, and often leap from the earth to the sky in a moment. Treating the moon and his shadow as friends, as this poem does, is just his style.

李白（701—762），字太白，号青莲居士，唐代大诗人，被人称为“诗仙”。他爱喝酒，爱月亮，诗里常常写到这两样东西。他的诗想象大胆，感情奔放，常常一下子从地上飞到天上。这首诗把月亮和影子当作朋友，正是他的风格。

The mood意境

The poem opens in loneliness: among the flowers, one man, one pot of wine, no friends. But Li Bai will not just sit in it. He raises his cup to invite the moon, counts his shadow too, and suddenly there are three. It is a party dreamed up out of loneliness. Then he admits the moon cannot drink and the shadow can only follow him. Still he says, never mind, let us have fun together for now, spring will not wait. So he sings, and the moon seems to drift along; he dances, and his shadow sways about. When he is drunk they all go their ways, and he makes a date with them to meet again by the Milky Way in the sky. The merrier the poem gets, the more we feel how lonely he is. Yet as you read, you are also won over by how freely he makes his own joy.

开头很冷清：花丛里，一个人，一壶酒，没有朋友。可李白不甘寂寞，他举杯请月亮来喝，又把影子算上，一下子就“三个人”了。这是孤独里想出来的热闹。接着他又承认：月亮不会喝酒，影子只会跟着我。可他还是说，管它呢，先一起乐一乐吧，春天可不等人。于是他唱，月亮好像在跟着走；他跳，影子跟着乱晃。醉了以后大家各自散去，他又和它们约好，将来在天上的银河边再见。整首诗越是热闹，越让人感到他心里的孤单。可读的时候，你也会被他那种自己找快乐的潇洒打动。