Tang poem · seven-character old-style poem唐诗 · 七言古诗

yè谒héng衡yuè岳miào庙suì遂sù宿yuè岳sì寺tí题mén门lóu楼

hán韩yù愈Han Yu · Tang唐

Visiting the Temple of Mount Heng, Then Staying at the Mountain Monastery and Writing on Its Gate Tower

wǔ五yuè岳jì祭zhì秩jiē皆sān三gōng公

sì四fāng方huán环zhèn镇sōng嵩dāng当zhōng中

huǒ火wéi维dì地huāng荒zú足yāo妖guài怪

tiān天jiǎ假shén神bǐng柄zhuān专qí其xióng雄

pēn喷yún云xiè泄wù雾cáng藏bàn半fù腹

suī虽yǒu有jué绝dǐng顶shuí谁néng能qióng穷

wǒ我lái来zhèng正féng逢qiū秋yǔ雨jié节

yīn阴qì气huì晦mèi昧wú无qīng清fēng风

qián潜xīn心mò默dǎo祷ruò若yǒu有yìng应

qǐ岂fēi非zhèng正zhí直néng能gǎn感tōng通

xū须yú臾jìng静sǎo扫zhòng众fēng峰chū出

yǎng仰jiàn见tū突wù兀chēng撑qīng青kōng空

zǐ紫gài盖lián连yán延jiē接tiān天zhù柱

shí石lǐn廪téng腾zhì掷duī堆zhù祝róng融

sēn森rán然pò魄dòng动xià下mǎ马bài拜

sōng松bǎi柏yí一jìng径qū趋líng灵gōng宫

fěn粉qiáng墙dān丹zhù柱dòng动guāng光cǎi彩

guǐ鬼wù物tú图huà画tián填qīng青hóng红

shēng升jiē阶yǔ伛lǚ偻jiàn荐fǔ脯jiǔ酒

yù欲yǐ以fěi菲bó薄míng明qí其zhōng衷

miào庙lìng令lǎo老rén人shí识shén神yì意

suī睢xū盱zhēn侦sì伺néng能jū鞠gōng躬

shǒu手chí持bēi杯jiào珓dǎo导wǒ我zhì掷

yún云cǐ此zuì最jí吉yú余nán难tóng同

cuàn窜zhú逐mán蛮huāng荒xìng幸bù不sǐ死

yī衣shí食cái才zú足gān甘cháng长zhōng终

hóu侯wáng王jiàng将xiàng相wàng望jiǔ久jué绝

shén神zòng纵yù欲fú福nán难wéi为gōng功

yè夜tóu投fó佛sì寺shàng上gāo高gé阁

xīng星yuè月yǎn掩yìng映yún云tóng曈lóng昽

yuán猿míng鸣zhōng钟dòng动bù不zhī知shǔ曙

gǎo杲gǎo杲hán寒rì日shēng生yú于dōng东

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

This follows the commonly taught text. The old corpus writes a few characters in older forms: the words for "path", "divining cup" and "half hidden" all use variant characters with the same meaning. For the clouds being dim and hazy, the taught text and the corpus use two different but similar-looking words, read tóng lóng, with the same sense.

这里用通行本。古籍文本有几个字写法不同：“一径”作“一迳”，“杯珓”作“桮珓”，“掩映”作“掩暎”，意思都一样；“云曈昽”古籍作“云朣胧”，都是形容朦朦胧胧、不太明亮的样子。

Line by line逐句翻译

五岳祭秩皆三公The Five Mountains are honored with rites as grand as those for the highest ministers.五岳受到的祭祀，礼仪都和朝廷三公一样隆重，
四方环镇嵩当中Four stand guard on four sides, with Mount Song in the middle.四座大山镇守四方，嵩山在正中间。
火维地荒足妖怪The south is remote and wild, full of monsters,南方偏远荒凉，妖怪很多，
天假神柄专其雄so Heaven lent its power to the god of this mountain to rule alone.上天把神的权力交给衡山，让它独自称雄。
喷云泄雾藏半腹Clouds and mist pour out and hide the mountain's middle;山间喷出云雾，遮住了半山腰，
虽有绝顶谁能穷there is a summit, but who can ever reach it?虽然有最高的山顶，谁又能登上去呢？
我来正逢秋雨节I came just in the autumn rains,我来的时候正碰上秋天的雨季，
阴气晦昧无清风the air dark and gloomy, without a breath of clear wind.天色阴沉昏暗，一点清风也没有。
潜心默祷若有应I calmed my heart and prayed in silence, and there seemed to be an answer.我静下心来默默祈祷，好像得到了回应，
岂非正直能感通Was it not because an honest heart can move the gods?这难道不是因为我为人正直，感动了神灵吗？
须臾静扫众峰出In a moment the clouds were swept away and all the peaks appeared.一会儿云雾散尽，群峰都露了出来，
仰见突兀撑青空I looked up: they towered high, holding up the blue sky.抬头一看，高峰耸立，好像撑住了蓝天。
紫盖连延接天柱Zigai Peak stretches on to meet Tianzhu Peak;紫盖峰连绵起伏，连着天柱峰，
石廪腾掷堆祝融Shilin Peak leaps and tumbles up against Zhurong Peak.石廪峰像在奔腾跳跃，和祝融峰堆在一起。
森然魄动下马拜Awed, my heart shaken, I got off my horse and bowed,我心里肃然一震，下马跪拜，
松柏一径趋灵宫and hurried along a path between pines and cypresses to the temple.沿着松柏间的一条小路，快步走向神庙。
粉墙丹柱动光彩White walls and red pillars glowed with color,白墙红柱闪着光彩，
鬼物图画填青红and painted gods and spirits filled the walls in blue and red.墙上画满了鬼神，涂着青色和红色。
升阶伛偻荐脯酒I climbed the steps, bowed low and offered dried meat and wine,我走上台阶，弯腰献上干肉和酒，
欲以菲薄明其衷hoping this humble gift would show my true heart.想用这点微薄的祭品表明我的心意。
庙令老人识神意The old temple keeper seemed to know the god's will;管庙的老人好像很懂神的心意，
睢盱侦伺能鞠躬he watched me with wide eyes and bowed most politely.他睁大眼睛察看我的神色，很会弯腰行礼。
手持杯珓导我掷He held out the divining blocks and showed me how to throw them,他拿着占卜用的杯珓，教我扔下去，
云此最吉余难同then said this was the luckiest sign, unlike any other.说这是最吉利的一卦，别的都比不上。
窜逐蛮荒幸不死Banished to the wild south, I was lucky not to die;我被贬到偏远的南方，幸好没有死，
衣食才足甘长终if I have enough to eat and wear, I am content to live out my days.只要有吃有穿，我就甘愿这样过一辈子。
侯王将相望久绝My hope of becoming a lord or a minister ended long ago;当侯王、做将相的希望早就断了，
神纵欲福难为功even if the god wished to bless me, it could do little good.神就算想给我降福，也很难起作用了。
夜投佛寺上高阁At night I lodged in the monastery and climbed its high tower;夜里我住进佛寺，登上高高的楼阁，
星月掩映云曈昽stars and moon came and went behind dim, hazy clouds.星星和月亮时隐时现，云色朦朦胧胧。
猿鸣钟动不知曙Monkeys cried and the bell rang, and I slept on, not knowing dawn had come,猿在叫，钟声响起，我睡得不知道天已经亮了，
杲杲寒日生于东until a bright, cold sun rose in the east.明亮而带着寒意的太阳从东方升起来了。

Words字词注释

五岳wǔ yuè: wǔ yuè: the Five Great Mountains of China: Tai in the east, Hua in the west, Heng in the south, another Heng (a different mountain with a different character) in the north, and Song in the middle.五岳：中国五座著名的大山：东岳泰山、西岳华山、南岳衡山、北岳恒山、中岳嵩山。
祭秩jì zhì: jì zhì: the rank of the sacrifices offered to them.祭秩：祭祀的等级。秩，等级。
三公sān gōng: sān gōng: the three highest officials at court. Old rites honored the Five Mountains as highly as these officials.三公：古代朝廷里最高的三种官。古书说祭祀五岳的礼仪和对待三公一样隆重。
环镇huán zhèn: huán zhèn: standing guard all around.环镇：围在四周镇守。
嵩sōng: sōng: Mount Song, the Central Mountain, in today's Henan.嵩：嵩山，中岳，在今河南。
火维huǒ wéi: huǒ wéi: the south. People of old linked the south with fire; wéi means a corner of the land. Mount Heng is the Southern Mountain.火维：南方。古人认为南方属火；维，方位、角落。衡山是南岳，所以这样说。
地荒dì huāng: dì huāng: the land is remote and wild.地荒：地方偏远荒凉。
足妖怪zú yāo guài: zú yāo guài: full of monsters. Zú here means many.足妖怪：有很多妖怪。足，多。
天假神柄tiān jiǎ shén bǐng: tiān jiǎ shén bǐng: Heaven lent divine power to the god of Mount Heng. Jiǎ means to lend; bǐng means power.天假神柄：上天把神的权力交给衡山的山神。假，给予；柄，权力。
专其雄zhuān qí xióng: zhuān qí xióng: so that it alone rules as the mightiest.专其雄：让它独自称雄一方。
喷云泄雾pēn yún xiè wù: pēn yún xiè wù: clouds and mist pour out of the mountain.喷云泄雾：山中不断冒出云和雾。
藏半腹cáng bàn fù: cáng bàn fù: hiding the mountain's middle.藏半腹：把山的半腰都遮住了。
绝顶jué dǐng: jué dǐng: the very top of the peak.绝顶：最高的山顶。
穷qióng: qióng: to reach the end; here, to climb to the top.穷：走到尽头，这里是登到顶上。
秋雨节qiū yǔ jié: qiū yǔ jié: the rainy season of autumn.秋雨节：秋天多雨的时节。
晦昧huì mèi: huì mèi: dark and gloomy.晦昧：昏暗不明。
潜心默祷qián xīn mò dǎo: qián xīn mò dǎo: praying silently with all one's heart.潜心默祷：专心地默默祈祷。
若有应ruò yǒu yìng: ruò yǒu yìng: as if there was an answer.若有应：好像得到了回应。
感通gǎn tōng: gǎn tōng: to move the gods and reach them.感通：感动神灵，和神相通。
须臾xū yú: xū yú: in a moment.须臾：一会儿。
静扫jìng sǎo: jìng sǎo: the clouds cleared away as if swept clean.静扫：云雾一下子散尽，好像被扫干净了。
突兀tū wù: tū wù: towering up high.突兀：高高耸起的样子。
撑青空chēng qīng kōng: chēng qīng kōng: as if holding up the blue sky.撑青空：好像把蓝天撑住。
紫盖zǐ gài: zǐ gài: Zigai, a peak of Mount Heng.紫盖：衡山的一座山峰。
连延lián yán: lián yán: stretching on and on.连延：连绵不断。
天柱tiān zhù: tiān zhù: Tianzhu, another peak of Mount Heng.天柱：衡山的一座山峰。
石廪shí lǐn: shí lǐn: Shilin, a peak of Mount Heng shaped like a granary.石廪：衡山的一座山峰，样子像粮仓。
腾掷téng zhì: téng zhì: leaping and tumbling, describing the rising and falling ridges.腾掷：像在跳跃、奔腾，形容山势起伏。
祝融zhù róng: zhù róng: Zhurong, the highest peak of Mount Heng.祝融：衡山最高的山峰。
森然sēn rán: sēn rán: solemn and awe-inspiring.森然：让人感到肃穆、害怕的样子。
魄动pò dòng: pò dòng: the soul is shaken.魄动：心惊、心里受到震动。
一径yí jìng: yī jìng: a single path.一径：一条小路。
趋qū: qū: to hurry toward.趋：快步走向。
灵宫líng gōng: líng gōng: the god's palace, here the Temple of Mount Heng.灵宫：神庙，这里指衡岳庙。
粉墙丹柱fěn qiáng dān zhù: fěn qiáng dān zhù: white walls and red pillars.粉墙丹柱：白色的墙，红色的柱子。
鬼物guǐ wù: guǐ wù: spirits and gods.鬼物：鬼神。
填青红tián qīng hóng: tián qīng hóng: filled in with blue and red paint.填青红：用青色、红色涂满。
升阶shēng jiē: shēng jiē: climbing the steps.升阶：走上台阶。
伛偻yǔ lǚ: yǔ lǚ: bowing low out of respect.伛偻：弯腰，表示恭敬。
荐脯酒jiàn fǔ jiǔ: jiàn fǔ jiǔ: offering dried meat and wine. Jiàn means to offer; fǔ means dried meat.荐脯酒：献上干肉和酒。荐，献；脯，干肉。
菲薄fěi bó: fěi bó: a humble offering.菲薄：微薄的东西，指自己的祭品不丰厚。
明其衷míng qí zhōng: míng qí zhōng: to show one's true heart.明其衷：表明自己的心意。衷，内心。
庙令miào lìng: miào lìng: the official in charge of the temple.庙令：管理庙宇的官员。
睢盱suī xū: suī xū: staring with wide eyes.睢盱：睁大眼睛看。
侦伺zhēn sì: zhēn sì: watching closely to guess what the visitor wants.侦伺：暗中观察、揣摩人的心思。
鞠躬jū gōng: jū gōng: to bow.鞠躬：弯腰行礼，表示恭敬。
杯珓bēi jiào: bēi jiào: divining blocks: two pieces of shell or wood thrown on the ground; how they land tells good or bad luck.杯珓：一种占卜用具，用两片蚌壳或竹木做成，扔到地上，看正反面来判断吉凶。
导我掷dǎo wǒ zhì: dǎo wǒ zhì: showed me how to throw them.导我掷：教我怎么扔。
余难同yú nán tóng: yú nán tóng: no other result could match it.余难同：别的卦都比不上。
窜逐cuàn zhú: cuàn zhú: banished, sent far away.窜逐：被贬官，赶到远方。
蛮荒mán huāng: mán huāng: the wild, faraway south.蛮荒：偏远荒凉的南方。
甘长终gān cháng zhōng: gān cháng zhōng: content to live out my life like this.甘长终：甘愿就这样过完一生。
侯王将相hóu wáng jiàng xiàng: hóu wáng jiàng xiàng: lords, kings, generals and ministers: great wealth and rank.侯王将相：封侯封王、做大将宰相，指大富大贵。
望久绝wàng jiǔ jué: wàng jiǔ jué: that hope ended long ago.望久绝：这个希望早就断了。
神纵欲福shén zòng yù fú: shén zòng yù fú: even if the god wanted to bless me. Fú here is a verb: to bless.神纵欲福：神即使想给我降福。福，这里是动词，降福。
难为功nán wéi gōng: nán wéi gōng: it could hardly do any good.难为功：也很难起作用了。
投tóu: tóu: to seek lodging.投：投宿，找地方住。
掩映yǎn yìng: yǎn yìng: half hidden, now seen, now not.掩映：时隐时现。
曈昽tóng lóng: tóng lóng: dim and hazy.曈昽：朦朦胧胧，不太明亮。
曙shǔ: shǔ: daybreak.曙：天亮。
杲杲gǎo gǎo: gǎo gǎo: bright, of the sun.杲杲：太阳明亮的样子。

How to read it读音

当dāng: Read dāng; dāng zhōng means right in the middle.读 dāng，“当中”就是正中间。
应yìng: Read yìng, meaning to answer or respond.读 yìng，回应、应验。
伛yǔ: Yǔ lǚ means bending the back.“伛偻”读 yǔ lǚ，弯着腰的样子。
脯fǔ: Read fǔ, meaning dried meat, not pú (chest).读 fǔ，指干肉。不读 pú（胸脯的脯）。
薄bó: Fěi bó means humble, small.“菲薄”读 fěi bó，微薄、不丰厚。
睢suī: Suī xū means staring with wide eyes.“睢盱”读 suī xū，睁大眼睛看的样子。
伺sì: Zhēn sì means to watch closely. Here sì, not cì as in "serve".“侦伺”读 zhēn sì，暗中观察。不读 cì（伺候的伺）。
珓jiào: Read jiào; bēi jiào are divining blocks.读 jiào，“杯珓”是占卜用的器具。
长cháng: Read cháng, meaning for a long time.读 cháng，长久的意思。
将jiàng: Read jiàng; jiàng xiàng means generals and chief ministers.读 jiàng，“将相”指大将和宰相。
杲gǎo: Read gǎo, meaning bright.读 gǎo，明亮。

Background创作背景

In the winter of 803, Han Yu sent a letter to the throne about a drought near the capital and the suffering of the people. For this he was sent away to be magistrate of Yangshan, in today's Guangdong. In 805 there was a general pardon. He left the far south and was given a minor post in Jiangling, today's Jingzhou in Hubei. That autumn, on his way there, he passed Mount Heng, the Southern Mountain. He visited its temple, stayed the night at a monastery on the mountain, and wrote this poem on the gate tower.

唐德宗贞元十九年（803年）冬，韩愈因为上书说关中旱灾、百姓受苦，被贬到阳山（今广东阳山）做县令。永贞元年（805年）遇到大赦，他离开南方，被改派到江陵（今湖北荆州）做法曹参军。这年秋天去江陵的路上，他经过南岳衡山，拜谒了衡岳庙，晚上住在山上的佛寺里，把这首诗题写在寺院的门楼上。

The poet作者

Han Yu (768–824) was a great Tang writer, one of the Eight Great Prose Masters of Tang and Song. He was blunt and honest, and was sent away more than once for what he wrote to the throne. His poems like unusual words and a grand, bold sweep, and often borrow the style of prose. This poem mixes scenery, events and the poet's own opinions, which is very much his style.

韩愈（768—824），字退之，唐代大文学家，“唐宋八大家”之一。他为人刚直，敢说真话，几次因为上书被贬。他的诗喜欢用奇特的字句和宏大的气势，常把散文的写法放进诗里。这首诗里有景、有事、有议论，正是他的风格。

The mood意境

This poem reads like a travel diary, moving forward step by step. First the poet says Mount Heng is the sacred mountain of the south, tall and mysterious, its middle hidden in cloud. When he arrives, the autumn rain makes everything dark. He prays in silence, and the clouds actually part. All the peaks suddenly appear, as if holding up the sky. This is the grandest part. Picture a gray sky turning bright, and peak after peak seeming to run and leap. Then he enters the temple and makes his offering. The old keeper reads his fortune and says it is the best sign of all. But the poet shrugs: he was banished to the south and is happy just to be alive. His dream of high office ended long ago, so even a god's blessing is of no use. These lines laugh at himself a little, and also show his stubborn pride and hurt. At the end he spends the night at the monastery under hazy stars and moon. He sleeps until the sun is up, and his mood turns calm and open.

这首诗像一篇游记，按时间一步步往前走。先说衡山是南方的神山，又高又神秘，山腰藏在云雾里。诗人来时正下秋雨，天昏地暗。他默默祈祷，云雾竟然散开了，群峰一下子冒出来，好像要撑住天空。这一段写得最有气势，想象一下：灰蒙蒙的天忽然变亮，一座座山峰像在奔跑跳跃。接着他进庙献祭，庙里的老人帮他占卜，说是大吉。诗人却笑着说：我被贬到南方，能活下来就满足了，做大官的梦早就断了，神想保佑也没用。这几句有点自嘲，也有点倔强和不平。最后写夜宿寺中，星月朦胧，一觉睡到太阳升起，心情变得平静开阔。