No. 33 · Tang poem · seven-character regulated verse第 33 首 · 唐诗 · 七言律诗

wú无tí题

lǐ李shāng商yǐn隐Li Shangyin · Tang唐

Untitled

xiāng相jiàn见shí时nán难bié别yì亦nán难

dōng东fēng风wú无lì力bǎi百huā花cán残

chūn春cán蚕dào到sǐ死sī丝fāng方jìn尽

là蜡jù炬chéng成huī灰lèi泪shǐ始gān干

xiǎo晓jìng镜dàn但chóu愁yún云bìn鬓gǎi改

yè夜yín吟yīng应jué觉yuè月guāng光hán寒

péng蓬shān山cǐ此qù去wú无duō多lù路

qīng青niǎo鸟yīn殷qín勤wèi为tàn探kān看

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

相见时难别亦难It is hard to meet, and just as hard to part.见一面很难，分别时更是难舍难分，
东风无力百花残The spring wind has lost its strength, and all the flowers are fading.春风没有力气了，百花都凋谢了。
春蚕到死丝方尽The silkworm spins its silk until it dies;春蚕要到死的时候，才把丝吐完，
蜡炬成灰泪始干the candle weeps its wax until it burns to ash.蜡烛要烧成了灰，蜡泪才会流干。
晓镜但愁云鬓改In the morning mirror, you worry only that your dark hair is changing;早上照镜子，只担心乌黑的头发变了颜色，
夜吟应觉月光寒reciting poems at night, you must feel the moonlight is cold.夜里念诗，想必会觉得月光寒冷。
蓬山此去无多路Your fairy mountain is not far from here;你住的蓬莱山离这里没有多远，
青鸟殷勤为探看may the blue bird kindly go and visit you for me.就请青鸟殷勤地替我去看看你吧。

Words字词注释

亦yì: yì: also.亦：也。
东风dōng fēng: dōng fēng: the east wind, the spring wind.东风：春风。
残cán: cán: withered, falling.残：凋谢、零落。
丝方尽sī fāng jìn: sī fāng jìn: only then is the silk used up; fāng means only then. Sī (silk) sounds the same as sī (longing), so it also hints at longing.丝方尽：丝才吐完。方，才。“丝”和“思念”的“思”同音，暗指思念。
蜡炬là jù: là jù: a candle.蜡炬：蜡烛。
泪始干lèi shǐ gān: lèi shǐ gān: only then do the tears dry. The wax that runs down a burning candle looks like tears. Shǐ means only then.泪始干：蜡油才流干。蜡烛燃烧时流下的蜡油像眼泪，所以叫“泪”。始，才。
晓镜xiǎo jìng: xiǎo jìng: looking in the mirror in the morning.晓镜：早上照镜子。
但dàn: dàn: only.但：只。
云鬓yún bìn: yún bìn: hair at the temples, thick and dark like clouds; here it stands for a young and beautiful look.云鬓：像云一样又黑又多的鬓发，这里指年轻美丽的样子。
改gǎi: gǎi: to change; here the hair turns grey and the face grows old.改：改变，指头发变白、容貌变老。
夜吟yè yín: yè yín: reciting poems at night.夜吟：夜里念诗。
应觉yīng jué: yīng jué: must surely feel.应觉：想必会觉得。
蓬山péng shān: péng shān: Mount Penglai, a fairy mountain said to be out at sea; here it means the place where the loved one lives.蓬山：蓬莱山，传说海上的仙山。这里指对方住的地方。
无多路wú duō lù: wú duō lù: not far to go.无多路：没有多远的路。
青鸟qīng niǎo: qīng niǎo: in myth, the bird that carried messages for the Queen Mother of the West; later it means a messenger.青鸟：神话里给西王母传信的鸟，后来指送信的人。
殷勤yīn qín: yīn qín: warmly and with care.殷勤：情意深厚，热心周到。
探看tàn kān: tàn kān: to go and visit, to look in on.探看：探望。

How to read it读音

看kān: Here it is read kān (level tone), to rhyme with nán, cán, gān and hán. Textbooks mark it kān.这里读 kān（平声），和“难、残、干、寒”押韵。课本注音为 kān。
为wèi: Here it means "for, on behalf of", so it is read wèi.“为”是“替、给”的意思，读 wèi。
应yīng: Here it means "surely, must", so it is read yīng.“应”是“应该、想必”的意思，读 yīng。

Background创作背景

Li Shangyin wrote many poems called "Untitled". When he did not want to, or could not, say openly what a poem was about, he simply gave it no title. This poem is about two people in love who can rarely meet, and who long for each other after parting. When it was written, and for whom, can no longer be known. Some readers think it also hides the poet's frustration at never doing well in his official career.

李商隐写过很多题目叫“无题”的诗。他不想直接说出写的是什么，或者不方便说，就干脆不起题目。这首诗写的是一对相爱的人难以相见、分别后互相思念的心情。写作时间和写给谁，都已经不能确定。一说这首诗也寄托了诗人在官场上不得志的苦闷。

The poet作者

Li Shangyin (about 813 to about 858) was a late Tang poet. He and Du Mu are called the "Little Li and Du". All his life he was caught between two quarreling groups at court, and his career went badly. His poems use rich, beautiful words and deep, quiet feelings that make readers think them over again and again. His "Untitled" poems are his most special works.

李商隐（约813—约858），唐代后期诗人，和杜牧并称“小李杜”。他的一生夹在官场两派的争斗中，很不顺利。他的诗用词华美，感情深沉含蓄，常常让人反复琢磨，“无题”诗是他最有特色的作品。

The mood意境

The first line uses the word nán (hard) twice. Meeting is hard, and parting is even harder. In one line it tells all the pain. The second line shows late spring. The flowers have faded, as if this love has lost its strength too. Lines three and four are the most famous. The silkworm spins silk until it dies, and the candle sheds wax tears until it turns to ash. With these two things, the poet shows a longing that will not change until death. Today people also use these lines to praise those who give quietly all their lives, such as teachers. Lines five and six picture the loved one: worried about growing old in the morning mirror, feeling the moonlight cold at night. In the end the poet can only ask the blue bird to visit. Inside the sadness there is still a little hope.

第一句连用两个“难”：见面难，分别更难，一下子说出了心里的苦。第二句写暮春，花都谢了，好像这份感情也没有力气了。三、四句最有名：春蚕吐丝一直吐到死，蜡烛流泪一直流到烧成灰。用这两样东西，写出至死不变的思念。今天人们也常用这两句来赞美老师这样默默奉献的人。五、六句想象对方：早上照镜子怕变老，夜里念诗觉得月光冷。最后只好托青鸟去看望，在绝望里留着一点点希望。