Tang poem · five-character old-style poem唐诗 · 五言古诗

tóng同cóng从dì弟nán南zhāi斋wán玩yuè月yì忆shān山yīn阴cuī崔shào少fǔ府

wáng王chāng昌líng龄Wang Changling · Tang唐

Enjoying the Moon in the South Study with My Cousin, Thinking of Magistrate Cui in Shanyin

gāo高wò卧nán南zhāi斋shí时

kāi开wéi帷yuè月chū初tǔ吐

qīng清huī辉dàn淡shuǐ水mù木

yǎn演yàng漾zài在chuāng窗hù户

rǎn苒rǎn苒jǐ几yíng盈xū虚

chéng澄chéng澄biàn变jīn今gǔ古

měi美rén人qīng清jiāng江pàn畔

shì是yè夜yuè越yín吟kǔ苦

qiān千lǐ里qí其rú如hé何

wēi微fēng风chuī吹lán兰dù杜

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus title has one extra character, xiāo, after "cousin". One view is that it is the cousin's name. The common Three Hundred Tang Poems title leaves it out. In line three, some editions write dàn with a different but same-meaning character.

语料的题目作“同从弟销南斋玩月忆山阴崔少府”，多了一个“销”字，一说“销”是这位堂弟的名字。通行的《唐诗三百首》题目没有这个字。第三句“淡”，有的版本写作“澹”，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

高卧南斋时I was lying at ease in the south study,我悠闲地躺在南边的书房里，
开帷月初吐and when I opened the curtain, the moon was just rising.拉开帐子，月亮正刚刚升起。
清辉淡水木Its clear light fell softly on the water and the trees,清亮的月光淡淡地洒在水面和树上，
演漾在窗户and rippled like water across the window.又像水波一样在窗前轻轻荡漾。
苒苒几盈虚Time slips away. How many times has the moon grown full and thin again?时光慢慢流走，月亮圆了又缺多少回？
澄澄变今古Its light stays clear and bright, while the world has changed again and again.月光一直这样清明，人间却从古到今变了又变。
美人清江畔My good friend is far away beside a clear river,我那品德美好的朋友，此刻正在清江边上，
是夜越吟苦and tonight he must be singing a sad song of longing.今夜他一定也在愁苦地吟唱着思乡的歌。
千里其如何A thousand miles apart, how are you doing?隔着千里，你过得怎么样呢？
微风吹兰杜A light breeze blows, carrying the scent of orchid and pollia.微风吹来，送来兰草和杜若的香气。

Words字词注释

高卧gāo wò: gāo wò: to lie at ease, free of cares.高卧：安安稳稳地躺着，有悠闲自在的意思。
南斋nán zhāi: nán zhāi: a study room facing south.南斋：朝南的书房。
开帷kāi wéi: kāi wéi: to open the curtain. Wéi is a hanging curtain.开帷：拉开帐子或窗帘。帷，帐幕。
月初吐yuè chū tǔ: yuè chū tǔ: the moon has just come up, as if "spat out" from behind the hills.月初吐：月亮刚刚升起来，好像从山后“吐”出来一样。
清辉qīng huī: qīng huī: clear, cool moonlight.清辉：清亮的月光。
淡水木dàn shuǐ mù: dàn shuǐ mù: the moonlight falls softly on the water and the trees.淡水木：月光淡淡地洒在水面和树木上。
演漾yǎn yàng: yǎn yàng: rippling like water. Here the moonlight seems to sway gently on the window.演漾：水波一样荡来荡去。这里说月光在窗上轻轻晃动。
苒苒rǎn rǎn: rǎn rǎn: time slipping away slowly, without being noticed.苒苒：时间慢慢地、不知不觉地过去。
盈虚yíng xū: yíng xū: the moon growing full and then shrinking. Yíng is full, xū is empty.盈虚：月亮圆了又缺。盈，满；虚，缺。
变今古biàn jīn gǔ: biàn jīn gǔ: from ancient times to now, the world keeps changing, while the moon stays just as bright.变今古：从古到今，世事变了又变，月亮却还是这样明亮。
美人měi rén: měi rén: a person of fine character. Here it means the poet's friend Cui, not a woman.美人：品德美好的人，这里指诗人的朋友崔少府，不是说女子。
清江qīng jiāng: qīng jiāng: a clear river. Shanyin (today's Shaoxing in Zhejiang) has many rivers and lakes.清江：清澈的江水。山阴（今浙江绍兴）一带水很多。
越吟yuè yín: yuè yín: a song of Yue. Long ago a man named Zhuang Xi from Yue became a high official in Chu, yet when he was ill he still moaned in his home dialect. So "a song of Yue" came to mean a sad song of someone far from home. Shanyin was part of old Yue.越吟：越地的歌声。古时越国人庄舄在楚国做了大官，病中还用家乡话呻吟。后来“越吟”就指思念家乡、心里愁苦地吟唱。山阴古时属越地。
其如何qí rú hé: qí rú hé: how are you doing?其如何：你过得怎么样呢？
兰杜lán dù: lán dù: orchid and pollia, two sweet-smelling herbs. Poets often used fragrant plants to stand for people of noble character.兰杜：兰草和杜若，两种香草。古人常用香草比喻品德高洁的人。

How to read it读音

澄chéng: chéng chéng: clear and bright, read chéng. The reading dèng (to let water settle) does not fit here.澄澄：清澈明亮，读 chéng。“澄”在“把水澄清”里读 dèng，这里不是那个意思。

Background创作背景

Wang Changling wrote this poem while enjoying the moon with his younger cousin in the south study. Looking at the moon, he thought of his friend Cui, who served as an official in Shanyin, today's Shaoxing in Zhejiang. "Shaofu" was another name for a county sheriff, the officer in charge of keeping order. Who this Cui was is not certain. One view is that he was the poet Cui Guofu, who served as sheriff of Shanyin. The exact year of the poem is not known.

这首诗是王昌龄和堂弟在南边书房里赏月时写的。看着月亮，他想起了远在山阴（今浙江绍兴）做官的朋友崔少府。少府是县尉的别称，是县里管治安的官。这位崔少府是谁，一说是诗人崔国辅，他做过山阴县尉。这首诗具体写于哪一年，已经说不清了。

The poet作者

Wang Changling (about 698 to about 757) was a Tang poet. He was best at seven-character quatrains and was called a master of that form. His frontier poems, such as "Out to the Frontier", are famous. He also wrote many poems about parting from friends and missing them, warm in feeling and fresh in language. This is one of those quiet, gentle poems about a friend.

王昌龄（约698—约757），唐代诗人，最擅长写七言绝句，被人称为“七绝圣手”。他的边塞诗很有名，比如《出塞》。他也写了很多送别和怀念朋友的诗，感情真挚，语言清新。这首诗就是一首安静、细腻的怀友诗。

The mood意境

The poem opens at ease. The poet lies in his study, opens the curtain, and the moon is just coming up. Its light falls on the water and the trees and sways across the window like ripples. The picture is clear and still. Then he thinks: the moon has grown full and thin more times than anyone can count. The world has changed so much from ancient times to now, but the moonlight stays bright. These lines make time feel long and deep. Next he remembers his friend a thousand miles away and guesses that he too is sad tonight. The last line does not say "I miss you". It only shows a breeze carrying the scent of fragrant herbs, as if his friend's fine character drifted in on the wind. The longing hides in that scent: soft, but lasting.

诗一开头很悠闲：诗人躺在书房里，拉开帐子，月亮刚好升起来。月光洒在水上、树上，又在窗前晃来晃去，好像水波一样，画面又清又静。接着诗人想到：月亮圆了又缺，不知多少回了；人间从古到今变了那么多，月光却一直这样明亮。这两句让人觉得时间很长、很远。然后他想起千里之外的朋友，猜他今夜也在发愁。最后一句没有直接说想念，只写一阵微风吹来香草的味道，好像朋友美好的品格也随风飘来了。想念就藏在这阵香气里，淡淡的，却很长久。