Song lyric · ci (song lyric)宋词 · 词

tiān添zì字chǒu丑nú奴ér儿·chuāng窗qián前shuí谁zhòng种bā芭jiāo蕉shù树

lǐ李qīng清zhào照Li Qingzhao · Song宋

Chou Nu Er, Extended: Who Planted the Banana Tree by My Window?

chuāng窗qián前shuí谁zhòng种bā芭jiāo蕉shù树

yīn阴mǎn满zhōng中tíng庭

yè叶yè叶xīn心xīn心

shū舒juǎn卷yǒu有yú余qíng情

shāng伤xīn心zhěn枕shàng上sān三gēng更yǔ雨

diǎn点dī滴lín霖yín霪

chóu愁sǔn损běi北rén人

bú不guàn惯qǐ起lái来tīng听

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus title is "Chou Nu Er, Extended / Cai Sang Zi". Chou Nu Er is another name for the tune Cai Sang Zi, and "extended" means extra characters were added to the last line of each half. In line five the corpus uses an older form of the character yú; simplified editions use the common form.

语料题目作“添字丑奴儿·采桑子”。《丑奴儿》是《采桑子》的另一个名字，“添字”是说每段的结尾句多加了字。语料第五句写作“馀”，简体通行本写作“余”。

Line by line逐句翻译

窗前谁种芭蕉树Who planted the banana tree outside my window?窗前是谁种的芭蕉树？
阴满中庭Its shade fills the courtyard.它的绿荫铺满了院子。
阴满中庭Its shade fills the courtyard.绿荫铺满了院子。
叶叶心心Leaf after leaf, heart after heart,一片片叶子，一个个叶心，
舒卷有余情some open, some rolled, as if full of feelings without end.有的展开有的卷着，好像有说不完的情意。
伤心枕上三更雨Lying on my pillow at midnight, the rain breaks my heart,半夜里躺在枕上，听着雨声，真让人伤心，
点滴霖霪drip after drip, never stopping.雨点滴滴答答，下个不停。
点滴霖霪Drip after drip, never stopping.滴滴答答，下个不停。
愁损北人It wears me down, a northerner far from home;愁坏了我这个北方来的人，
不惯起来听I am not used to it, so I get up and sit and listen.我听不惯，只好起来坐着听。

Words字词注释

芭蕉bā jiāo: bā jiāo: a plant with huge, broad leaves that grows in the south, a bit like a banana tree.芭蕉：一种叶子很大很宽的植物，长在南方，样子有点像香蕉树。
阴满中庭yīn mǎn zhōng tíng: yīn mǎn zhōng tíng: the banana tree's shade fills the whole courtyard. Zhōng tíng is the middle of the courtyard.阴满中庭：芭蕉的绿荫铺满了整个院子。中庭，院子中间。
叶叶心心yè yè xīn xīn: yè yè xīn xīn: leaf after leaf, heart after heart. New banana leaves grow rolled up from the center of the plant.叶叶心心：一片片叶子，一个个叶心。芭蕉新叶是卷着从中心长出来的。
舒卷shū juǎn: shū juǎn: some leaves spread open, some still rolled. Shū means to unfold.舒卷：有的展开，有的卷着。舒，展开。
有余情yǒu yú qíng: yǒu yú qíng: as if full of feelings that never run out.有余情：好像有说不完的情意。
三更sān gēng: sān gēng: the middle of the night, about 11 pm to 1 am. People then split the night into five watches.三更：半夜，大约晚上十一点到凌晨一点。古人把一夜分成五更。
霖霪lín yín: lín yín: rain that will not stop. Both characters mean long, steady rain.霖霪：下个不停的雨。霖、霪都是久雨的意思。
愁损chóu sǔn: chóu sǔn: worn down by sorrow. Sǔn means to harm.愁损：愁坏了。损，伤害。
北人běi rén: běi rén: a northerner, the poet herself. She came from the north and fled to the south.北人：北方人，词人自指。她本来住在北方，后来逃难到了南方。
不惯bú guàn: bù guàn: not used to it. In the north there was rarely such rain on banana leaves.不惯：不习惯。北方很少这样的雨打芭蕉声。

How to read it读音

种zhòng: Here the character means to plant, an action, so it is read zhòng, not zhǒng.这里的“种”是种植，是动作，读 zhòng，不读 zhǒng。
更gēng: In sān gēng the character is a unit of night time, read gēng.三更的“更”是夜里计时的单位，读 gēng。

Background创作背景

This ci is usually thought to date from after Li Qingzhao fled south. In 1127 the Jin army took the Northern Song capital, and she escaped from the north to the south. Her husband Zhao Mingcheng died soon after, and she drifted from place to place alone. Banana trees grow everywhere in the south. The sound of night rain on their leaves made her, a northerner, miss home all the more. The exact year is not known.

这首词一般认为写于李清照南渡以后。1127年金兵攻破北宋都城，她从北方逃到南方，丈夫赵明诚不久去世，她一个人四处漂泊。南方到处种着芭蕉，夜里雨打芭蕉的声音，让她这个北方人格外想家。具体写于哪一年，已经说不清了。

The poet作者

Li Qingzhao (1084 to about 1155), also known as the Lay Buddhist Yi'an, came from Jinan. She is the most famous woman writer of ci in the Song dynasty. In the first half of her life she was safe and happy, and her ci were lively and bright. In the second half she lost her country and her home and drifted far away, and her ci turned sad. This is one of her later works, using one banana tree to show homesickness and loneliness.

李清照（1084—约1155），号易安居士，济南人，宋代最有名的女词人。她前半生生活安稳幸福，词写得活泼明快；后半生国破家亡，四处漂泊，词里多是愁苦。这首词就是她晚年的作品，用一棵芭蕉写出了思乡和孤独。

The mood意境

The first half is daytime. She begins with a question: who planted this banana tree by my window? It sounds half like a complaint, half like surprise. The tree grows thick, its shade fills the courtyard, and its leaves, some open and some rolled, seem to have so much to say. "Leaf after leaf, heart after heart" also hints at her own heavy heart. The second half is night. Rain begins at midnight and drums on the big leaves, drip after drip, without a pause. Two lines are each sung twice, so the words keep going like the rain. At the end she says what she feels: I am a northerner, not used to this sound, so I just get up and listen. That one word, "northerner", carries all the pain of losing her home.

上片写白天。词人一开口就问：窗前的芭蕉是谁种的？好像在怪它，又好像在惊奇。芭蕉长得很茂盛，绿荫铺满院子，叶子有的展开有的卷着，好像有很多话要说。这里的“叶叶心心”，也像在说词人自己心事重重。下片写夜里。半夜下起雨来，雨点打在芭蕉的大叶子上，滴滴答答，一刻不停。词里把“阴满中庭”“点滴霖霪”各重复一遍，读起来就像雨声一样连绵不断。最后说出心里话：我是北方人，听不惯这种声音，只好起来坐着听。一个“北人”，把她失去家乡的痛全说出来了。