Song lyric · long-tune ci in three stanzas宋词 · 长调（慢词），三叠

qī戚shì氏·wǎn晚qiū秋tiān天

liǔ柳yǒng永Liu Yong · Song宋

Qi Shi: Late Autumn Sky

wǎn晚qiū秋tiān天

yí一shà霎wēi微yǔ雨sǎ洒tíng庭xuān轩

jiàn槛jú菊xiāo萧shū疏

jǐng井wú梧líng零luàn乱

rě惹cán残yān烟

qī凄rán然

wàng望jiāng江guān关

fēi飞yún云àn黯dàn淡xī夕yáng阳jiān间

dāng当shí时sòng宋yù玉bēi悲gǎn感

xiàng向cǐ此lín临shuǐ水yǔ与dēng登shān山

yuǎn远dào道tiáo迢dì递

xíng行rén人qī凄chǔ楚

juàn倦tīng听lǒng陇shuǐ水chán潺yuán湲

zhèng正chán蝉yín吟bài败yè叶

qióng蛩xiǎng响shuāi衰cǎo草

xiāng相yìng应xuān喧xuān喧

gū孤guǎn馆dù度rì日rú如nián年

fēng风lù露jiàn渐biàn变

qiāo悄qiāo悄zhì至gēng更lán阑

cháng长tiān天jìng净

jiàng绛hé河qīng清qiǎn浅

hào皓yuè月chán婵juān娟

sī思mián绵mián绵

yè夜yǒng永duì对jǐng景

nǎ那kān堪qū屈zhǐ指

àn暗xiǎng想cóng从qián前

wèi未míng名wèi未lù禄

qǐ绮mò陌hóng红lóu楼

wǎng往wǎng往jīng经suì岁qiān迁yán延

dì帝lǐ里fēng风guāng光hǎo好

dāng当nián年shào少rì日

mù暮yàn宴zhāo朝huān欢

kuàng况yǒu有kuáng狂péng朋guài怪lǚ侣

yù遇dāng当gē歌

duì对jiǔ酒jìng竞liú留lián连

bié别lái来xùn迅jǐng景rú如suō梭

jiù旧yóu游sì似mèng梦

yān烟shuǐ水chéng程hé何xiàn限

niàn念lì利míng名

qiáo憔cuì悴cháng长yíng萦bàn绊

zhuī追wǎng往shì事

kōng空cǎn惨chóu愁yán颜

lòu漏jiàn箭yí移

shāo稍jué觉qīng轻hán寒

jiàn渐wū呜yè咽

huà画jiǎo角shù数shēng声cán残

duì对xián闲chuāng窗pàn畔

tíng停dēng灯xiàng向xiǎo晓

bào抱yǐng影wú无mián眠

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The words are the same as in the corpus. Only one line break follows the common edition: the corpus runs the line about the well-side parasol trees and the mist together, while the common edition splits it in two.

文字和语料库相同。只有断句按通行本：语料库把“井梧零乱惹残烟”连成一句，通行本断作“井梧零乱，惹残烟”。

Line by line逐句翻译

晚秋天The sky of late autumn.深秋的天气，
一霎微雨洒庭轩A brief, light rain falls on the courtyard and hall.一阵小雨洒落在院子和长廊上。
槛菊萧疏The chrysanthemums by the railing are thin and sparse.栏杆边的菊花稀稀落落，
井梧零乱The parasol tree by the well is a mess of leaves,井边的梧桐叶子零乱，
惹残烟caught in thin, lingering mist.缠着淡淡的残烟。
凄然My heart is sad.心里凄凉，
望江关I gaze at the distant passes along the river.远望江上的关山，
飞云黯淡夕阳间Drifting clouds look dim in the setting sun.飞动的云在夕阳里显得昏暗。
当时宋玉悲感Long ago Song Yu grieved for autumn,当年宋玉为秋天悲伤，
向此临水与登山facing water and climbing hills in a season like this.也是在这样的时节临水登山。
远道迢递The road ahead is long and far.远方的路长长的，
行人凄楚The traveler is sad and weary,赶路的人凄凉痛苦，
倦听陇水潺湲tired of hearing the sad murmur of flowing water.已经听厌了那让人伤心的潺潺流水声。
正蝉吟败叶Cicadas sing among withered leaves,正是蝉在枯叶间鸣叫，
蛩响衰草crickets chirp in the dying grass,蟋蟀在枯草里叫，
相应喧喧answering each other in a noisy chorus.一声声互相应和，吵吵嚷嚷。
孤馆度日如年In a lonely inn, each day feels like a year.住在孤零零的旅店里，过一天像过一年。
风露渐变The wind and dew slowly turn colder,风和露水渐渐变得更冷，
悄悄至更阑and in the silence the night grows late.四下寂静，已经到了深夜。
长天净The wide sky is clear,长长的天空很干净，
绛河清浅the Milky Way pale and shallow,银河又清又浅，
皓月婵娟and the bright moon lovely.明亮的月亮很美。
思绵绵My thoughts go on and on.思绪连绵不断。
夜永对景Facing this scene through the long night,长夜里面对这样的景色，
那堪屈指how can I bear to count the years on my fingers,哪里忍受得了屈指数算过去的岁月，
暗想从前quietly thinking back to the past?暗暗回想从前。
未名未禄Back then I had no fame and no post.那时还没有功名，也没有官职，
绮陌红楼In the fine streets and the red houses of song,在繁华的街道和歌楼里，
往往经岁迁延I often lingered year after year.常常一年又一年地流连。
帝里风光好How fine the capital was!京城的风光多好，
当年少日I was young then,那时我正年轻，
暮宴朝欢feasting at night and having fun again in the morning.晚上赴宴，早上又寻欢。
况有狂朋怪侣And I had a band of wild, unusual friends.何况还有一群放纵不羁的朋友，
遇当歌Whenever there were songs遇到有歌声，
对酒竞留连and wine, we all wanted to stay and never leave.有美酒，大家都争着留下来，舍不得走。
别来迅景如梭Since then, time has flown like a weaver's shuttle.分别以后，时光像梭子一样飞快，
旧游似梦Those old good times are like a dream,从前的游乐像一场梦，
烟水程何限and the misty waterways stretch on without end.烟雾中的水路，哪里有尽头。
念利名I think how, for fame and money,想到为了名和利，
憔悴长萦绊I have grown thin and worn, always tied down.我又瘦又累，一直被它们缠住。
追往事Thinking back on the past追想过去的事，
空惨愁颜only fills my face with sorrow, for nothing.只是白白地满面愁容。
漏箭移The marker in the water clock moves,漏壶里的标尺移动，
稍觉轻寒and I begin to feel a slight chill.渐渐感到一点寒意。
渐呜咽Slowly there comes the low, sobbing sound渐渐传来低沉悲凉的，
画角数声残of a few horn calls, fading away.几声画角，声音越来越弱。
对闲窗畔By the lonely window,对着冷清的窗边，
停灯向晓I keep the lamp burning until dawn,点着灯一直坐到天亮，
抱影无眠with only my shadow for company, and no sleep at all.只有影子陪着我，一夜没睡。

Words字词注释

一霎yí shà: yī shà: a moment, a very short time.一霎：一会儿，很短的时间。
庭轩tíng xuān: tíng xuān: the courtyard and the open hall beside it.庭轩：院子和带窗的长廊。
槛菊jiàn jú: jiàn jú: chrysanthemums by the railing. Jiàn means a railing.槛菊：栏杆边的菊花。槛，栏杆。
萧疏xiāo shū: xiāo shū: thin and sparse, bleak.萧疏：稀稀落落，冷落的样子。
井梧jǐng wú: jǐng wú: the parasol tree by the well.井梧：井边的梧桐树。
惹残烟rě cán yān: rě cán yān: caught in thin, lingering mist.惹残烟：沾着、缠着淡淡的烟雾。
凄然qī rán: qī rán: sad and lonely at heart.凄然：心里凄凉悲伤。
江关jiāng guān: jiāng guān: a pass on the river; here, the distant land along the river.江关：江上的关口，这里指远处的江山。
黯淡àn dàn: àn dàn: dim, gloomy.黯淡：昏暗，不明亮。
宋玉悲感sòng yù bēi gǎn: sòng yù bēi gǎn: Song Yu was a poet of the state of Chu, more than two thousand years ago. In his long poem Jiu Bian he wrote about the sadness of autumn, so people later spoke of Song Yu grieving for autumn.宋玉悲感：宋玉是战国时楚国的辞赋家，他在《九辩》里写秋天的悲凉，开头就说“悲哉秋之为气也”，所以后人常说“宋玉悲秋”。
临水与登山lín shuǐ yǔ dēng shān: lín shuǐ yǔ dēng shān: coming to the water and climbing the hills. Jiu Bian has a line about climbing hills and facing water to see someone off.临水与登山：来到水边，登上高山。《九辩》里有“登山临水兮送将归”的句子。
迢递tiáo dì: tiáo dì: far, far away.迢递：路途遥远的样子。
凄楚qī chǔ: qī chǔ: sad and miserable.凄楚：凄凉痛苦。
陇水lǒng shuǐ: lǒng shuǐ: water flowing down from Mount Long. Old songs said its sound was like sobbing and made people far from home sad. Here it means any sad sound of flowing water.陇水：陇山上流下的水。古诗里说陇头流水声音像哭声，听了让离家的人伤心。这里借指让人愁苦的流水声。
潺湲chán yuán: chán yuán: the sound of water flowing slowly.潺湲：水慢慢流动的声音。
蝉吟败叶chán yín bài yè: chán yín bài yè: cicadas singing among withered leaves.蝉吟败叶：蝉在枯叶间鸣叫。
蛩qióng: qióng: a cricket.蛩：蟋蟀。
衰草shuāi cǎo: shuāi cǎo: withered grass.衰草：枯黄的草。
喧喧xuān xuān: xuān xuān: noisy, many sounds together.喧喧：声音嘈杂。
孤馆gū guǎn: gū guǎn: a lonely inn.孤馆：孤零零的旅店。
度日如年dù rì rú nián: dù rì rú nián: each day feels as long as a year; time drags.度日如年：过一天像过一年那么长，形容日子难熬。
悄悄qiāo qiāo: qiāo qiāo: silent, very quiet.悄悄：寂静无声。
更阑gēng lán: gēng lán: late at night. People in old times split the night into five watches; lán means nearly over.更阑：夜深了。古人把一夜分成五更，阑是快完了。
绛河jiàng hé: jiàng hé: the Milky Way.绛河：银河。
皓月hào yuè: hào yuè: the bright white moon.皓月：洁白明亮的月亮。
婵娟chán juān: chán juān: lovely and graceful; here, the beauty of the moon.婵娟：姿态美好的样子，这里形容月亮美。
绵绵mián mián: mián mián: going on and on.绵绵：连绵不断。
夜永yè yǒng: yè yǒng: the night is long.夜永：夜很长。
那堪nǎ kān: nǎ kān: how can one bear it.那堪：哪能忍受。
屈指qū zhǐ: qū zhǐ: counting on one's fingers; here, counting the years gone by.屈指：弯着手指计算，这里指数算过去的岁月。
未名未禄wèi míng wèi lù: wèi míng wèi lù: no fame from the exams yet, and no official post or pay.未名未禄：还没有功名，也没有官职俸禄。
绮陌红楼qǐ mò hóng lóu: qǐ mò hóng lóu: fine streets and the red houses of singing girls, the lively places of pleasure in the city.绮陌红楼：繁华的街道和歌女住的楼，指城里热闹游乐的地方。
经岁迁延jīng suì qiān yán: jīng suì qiān yán: lingering there year after year.经岁迁延：一年又一年地在那里流连。迁延，拖延，留连。
帝里dì lǐ: dì lǐ: the capital; here Bianjing, the Northern Song capital, today's Kaifeng in Henan.帝里：京城，这里指北宋的都城汴京，就是今天河南开封。
少日shào rì: shào rì: young days.少日：年轻的时候。
暮宴朝欢mù yàn zhāo huān: mù yàn zhāo huān: feasting at night and having fun again in the morning; pleasure every day.暮宴朝欢：晚上赴宴，早上又寻欢作乐，形容天天玩乐。
狂朋怪侣kuáng péng guài lǚ: kuáng péng guài lǚ: wild, unusual friends who did as they pleased.狂朋怪侣：放纵不羁、行为特别的朋友。
当歌dāng gē: dāng gē: facing songs.当歌：面对着歌声。
竞留连jìng liú lián: jìng liú lián: each one eager to stay, unwilling to leave.竞留连：争着留下来，舍不得走。
迅景如梭xùn jǐng rú suō: xùn jǐng rú suō: time flies like a weaver's shuttle. Jǐng here means daylight, that is, time.迅景如梭：时光过得像织布的梭子一样快。景，日光，指时光。
烟水程何限yān shuǐ chéng hé xiàn: yān shuǐ chéng hé xiàn: misty waterways, a journey with no end.烟水程何限：烟雾笼罩的水路，路程没有尽头。
利名lì míng: lì míng: money and fame.利名：钱财和名声。
憔悴qiáo cuì: qiáo cuì: thin and worn out.憔悴：又瘦又疲惫的样子。
萦绊yíng bàn: yíng bàn: tangled up, held back.萦绊：缠绕，牵绊。
空惨愁颜kōng cǎn chóu yán: kōng cǎn chóu yán: a sad face, for nothing.空惨愁颜：白白地让脸上满是愁苦。
漏箭lòu jiàn: lòu jiàn: the arrow-shaped marker in an old water clock. As water drips out, the marks on it show the time.漏箭：古代计时用的漏壶里的箭形标尺，水慢慢漏下，标尺上的刻度显示时间。
呜咽wū yè: wū yè: low sobbing; here, the deep, sad sound of a horn.呜咽：低声哭泣，这里形容号角声低沉悲凉。
画角huà jiǎo: huà jiǎo: a painted horn blown in army camps in old times.画角：古代军中吹的号角，上面有彩绘。
停灯向晓tíng dēng xiàng xiǎo: tíng dēng xiàng xiǎo: keeping the lamp lit until dawn.停灯向晓：点着灯一直坐到天亮。停灯，留着灯不灭。
抱影无眠bào yǐng wú mián: bào yǐng wú mián: with only his own shadow for company, he cannot sleep.抱影无眠：只有自己的影子陪着，一夜睡不着。

How to read it读音

槛jiàn: Here it means a railing and is read jiàn. Read kǎn, it means a doorsill.“槛”在这里是栏杆，读 jiàn；读 kǎn 时是门槛。
间jiān: It means in the setting sun, so it is read jiān.“夕阳间”是夕阳里，“间”读 jiān。
应yìng: It means answering each other, so it is read yìng.“相应”是互相应和，“应”读 yìng。
更gēng: Here it is a night watch, an old unit of night time, so it is read gēng.“更阑”指夜深，“更”是古代夜里计时的单位，读 gēng。
那nǎ: This word means how can one bear it. The character is used like the question word nǎ, so it is read nǎ.“那堪”是哪能忍受，“那”同“哪”，读 nǎ。
少shào: It means young days, so it is read shào.“少日”是年轻的时候，“少”读 shào。
朝zhāo: It means morning, so it is read zhāo.“朝欢”是早上也寻欢作乐，“朝”是早晨，读 zhāo。
长cháng: It means for a long time, so it is read cháng.“长萦绊”是长久地被缠住，“长”读 cháng。
咽yè: In the word for sobbing it is read yè.“呜咽”是低低的哭泣声，“咽”读 yè。
数shù: It means a few, so it is read shù.“数声”是几声，“数”读 shù。

Background创作背景

The tune Qi Shi first appears in Liu Yong's own collection. It has 212 characters in three stanzas, one of the longest tunes in Song ci. This lyric follows one late autumn night. The writer is alone in an inn, from dusk until dawn. He remembers his happy young days in the capital and sighs that he now runs from place to place for an official career. It is usually thought to come from his middle or later years, when he traveled and served in posts away from the capital. The exact year and place are debated. Because it mentions Song Yu, one view says it was written in the old land of Chu, around today's Hubei.

《戚氏》这个词调最早见于柳永的词集，全词二百一十二个字，分三段，是宋词里最长的词调之一。这首词写一个深秋的夜晚，作者独自住在旅店里，从傍晚写到天亮，回想年轻时在京城的快乐日子，感叹为了功名到处奔波。一般认为写于柳永中年以后在外地做官、漂泊的时候。具体的年代和地点说法不一，词中提到宋玉，一说写于湖北一带的古楚地。

The poet作者

Liu Yong (about 984 to about 1053) was first named Sanbian, with the courtesy name Qiqing. He came from Chong'an in Fujian. He was the seventh child in his generation, so people called him Liu Qi, Liu the Seventh. When young he often wrote songs for singing girls in the capital, but he failed the imperial exams many times and passed only late in life. He served as an official in charge of farmland, which gave him another nickname. He wrote many long, slow tunes and was good at laying out scenery, memories and feelings layer by layer, as this lyric does.

柳永（约984—约1053），原名三变，字耆卿，福建崇安人，排行第七，人称“柳七”。他年轻时常在京城的歌楼里为歌女写词，科举却多次考不中，很晚才中进士，做过屯田员外郎，所以也叫“柳屯田”。他大量写作长调慢词，善于把景物、往事和心情一层层铺开来写，这首词就是典型。

The mood意境

This lyric is like a film shot in time order. The first stanza is dusk: light rain, sparse chrysanthemums, messy parasol leaves, a dim sunset, and cicadas and crickets that never stop. The writer remembers Song Yu, who grieved for autumn more than two thousand years ago, and feels that he too is a lonely traveler. The second stanza is deep night. Everything is quiet, the Milky Way is pale, and the moon is lovely. The more beautiful it is, the less a lonely man can sleep, and he starts counting the years on his fingers. The third stanza goes back to the past. When he was young in the capital, he drank and sang with friends every day. But time flew like a shuttle, and now he is worn out chasing fame and money. At last the water clock moves on, horn calls come and fade, and he sits by the lamp until dawn with only his shadow for company. Scenery, memory and feeling unfold layer by layer, and you feel the loneliness of a long night and a longing for lost youth.

这首词像一部按时间拍的电影。第一段是傍晚：小雨、稀疏的菊花、零乱的梧桐、昏暗的夕阳，还有蝉和蟋蟀吵个不停。作者想起两千多年前同样悲秋的宋玉，觉得自己也是一个漂泊在外的人。第二段是深夜：四下安静，银河很浅，月亮很美。越是美，越让孤单的人睡不着，他开始屈指数算从前的日子。第三段回到往事：年轻时在京城，和朋友们天天喝酒唱歌。可是时光像梭子一样快，如今为了名利憔悴奔波。最后，漏壶的刻度移动，号角声断断续续，他守着灯一直坐到天亮，只有自己的影子陪着。景物、回忆、心情一层一层铺开，读完能感到长夜的寂寞和对青春的怀念。