Song lyric · ci to the tune Liu Chou, 140 characters in two stanzas宋词 · 词，词牌《六丑》，双调一百四十字

liù六chǒu丑·yáng杨huā花

péng彭yuán元xùn逊Peng Yuanxun · Song宋

Liu Chou: Willow Catkins

sì似dōng东fēng风lǎo老dà大

nǎ那fù复yǒu有

dāng当shí时fēng风qì气

yǒu有qíng情bù不shōu收

jiāng江shān山shēn身shì是jì寄

hào浩dàng荡hé何shì世

dàn但yì忆lín临guān官dào道

zàn暂lái来bú不zhù住

biàn便chū出mén门qiān千lǐ里

chī痴xīn心zhǐ指wàng望huí回fēng风zhuì坠

shàn扇dǐ底xiāng相féng逢

chāi钗tóu头wēi微zhuì缀

tā他jiā家wàn万tiáo条qiān千lǚ缕

jiě解zhē遮tíng亭zhàng障yì驿

bù不gé隔jiāng江shuǐ水

guā瓜zhōu洲céng曾yǐ舣

děng等xíng行rén人suì岁suì岁

rì日xià下cháng长qiū秋

chéng城wū乌yè夜qǐ起

zhàng帐lú庐hǎo好zài在chūn春shuì睡

gòng共fēi飞guī归hú湖shàng上

cǎo草qīng青wú无dì地

yīn愔yīn愔yǔ雨

chūn春xīn心rú如nì腻

yù欲dài待huà化

fēng丰lè乐lóu楼qián前zhàng帐yǐn饮

qīng青mén门dōu都fèi废

hé何rén人niàn念

liú流luò落wú无jǐ几

diǎn点diǎn点tuán抟zuò作

xuě雪mián绵sōng松rùn润

wèi为jūn君yì裛lèi泪

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

In the line "feng le lou qian zhang yin", the edition used here has only the first four characters and leaves out "zhang yin" (a farewell feast). The common text has all six, which fits the length the tune Liu Chou needs, so this page follows the common text.

“丰乐楼前帐饮”一句，这里用的整理本里只有“丰乐楼前”四个字，少了“帐饮”二字。通行本作“丰乐楼前帐饮”，这样才合《六丑》这个词牌的字数，这里照通行本。

Line by line逐句翻译

似东风老大The spring wind seems to have grown old,春风好像已经老了，
那复有and how could there still be哪里还有
当时风气the bright spirit of those days?当初那种风光？
有情不收The catkins have feelings, but no one takes them in;杨花有情意，却没有人收留它，
江山身是寄across the land they only lodge for a while,走遍江山，身子只是暂时寄住，
浩荡何世drifting far and wide, not knowing what world this is.飘飘荡荡，不知这是什么世道。
但忆临官道I only remember them on the willows by the main road:只记得它长在大路边的柳树上，
暂来不住they come for a moment and cannot stay,刚来一会儿，就停不住，
便出门千里and once out the door they fly a thousand miles.一出门就飞到千里之外。
痴心指望回风坠Foolishly they hope a turning wind will bring them back.它傻傻地盼着风转回来，把它送回原处。
扇底相逢Sometimes they meet a lady beneath her fan,有时在美人的团扇底下相遇，
钗头微缀and cling lightly to her hairpin.轻轻地粘在她的发钗上。
他家万条千缕The willows have thousands of strands;那柳树有千万根柳条，
解遮亭障驿they can screen the pavilions and post stations,会遮住路边的亭子和驿站，
不隔江水but they cannot block the river that carries people off.却挡不住江水把人带走。
瓜洲曾舣Once they waited by the boats moored at Guazhou,它曾经在瓜洲渡口，陪着停泊的船，
等行人岁岁waiting year after year for travellers to return.年年等着远行的人回来。
日下长秋In the capital, the palace of the empresses,京城里皇后、太后住的宫殿，
城乌夜起the crows on the walls start up in the night.城头的乌鸦半夜惊飞。
帐庐好在春睡Now, in the felt tents of the north, do they still sleep through the spring?如今她们在北方的毡帐里，还在春天里睡着吗？
共飞归湖上The catkins long to fly back together to the lake,杨花想一起飞回西湖，
草青无地but green grass covers the ground and there is nowhere to land.可青草铺满大地，没有地方落脚。
愔愔雨A quiet rain falls on and on,细雨静静地下个不停，
春心如腻and the heart of spring grows heavy and damp.春天的心思又湿又沉，化也化不开。
欲待化They wish to turn into duckweed它想化成浮萍，
丰乐楼前帐饮before the Fengle Tower, where farewell feasts were held,在丰乐楼前，那曾经摆酒送别的地方，
青门都废but the gates of the capital have all fallen to ruin.可京城的城门都已经荒废了。
何人念Who still thinks of有谁还想着
流落无几the few who are left, drifting far from home?流落在外、已经没剩几个的人？
点点抟作So I roll the drifting catkins into a ball,就把这点点杨花团成一团，
雪绵松润white as snow, soft and damp,像雪一样白，松软又湿润，
为君裛泪to wipe away your tears.替你擦干眼泪吧。

Words字词注释

东风老大dōng fēng lǎo dà: dōng fēng lǎo dà: the east wind has grown old, that is, spring is nearly over.东风老大：春风已经老了，意思是春天快过完了。
那复有nǎ fù yǒu: nǎ fù yǒu: how could there still be.那复有：哪里还有。
当时风气dāng shí fēng qì: dāng shí fēng qì: the bright spirit it had back then.当时风气：当初那种风光和精神。
有情不收yǒu qíng bù shōu: yǒu qíng bù shōu: the catkins seem to have feelings, yet no one gathers them up. Another reading: they have feelings but cannot hold themselves back.有情不收：杨花好像有情意，却没有人把它收起来。一说是它有情却收不住自己。
身是寄shēn shì jì: shēn shì jì: its body is only lodging here for a while, with no home of its own.身是寄：身体只是暂时寄住在这里，没有固定的家。
浩荡何世hào dàng hé shì: hào dàng hé shì: drifting far and wide, it no longer knows what world this is. Hào dàng means vast and drifting.浩荡何世：飘飘荡荡，不知道这是什么世道了。浩荡，广大无边、飘荡不定。
官道guān dào: guān dào: a main road built by the government. People often planted willows along such roads.官道：朝廷修的大路。古人常在大路两边种柳树。
暂来不住zàn lái bú zhù: zàn lái bù zhù: it comes for a moment and cannot stay.暂来不住：刚来一会儿，就停不住了。
痴心chī xīn: chī xīn: a foolish, devoted heart.痴心：傻傻的一片心意。
回风坠huí fēng zhuì: huí fēng zhuì: hoping a turning wind will bring it back down where it began. Huí fēng is a wind that swirls back.回风坠：盼着风转回来，让它落回原地。回风，回旋的风。
扇底shàn dǐ: shàn dǐ: under a round fan, which ladies in old times often carried.扇底：团扇底下。古代女子常拿着团扇。
钗头微缀chāi tóu wēi zhuì: chāi tóu wēi zhuì: lightly clinging to a hairpin. A chāi is a hairpin worn by women; zhuì means to stick on.钗头微缀：轻轻地粘在发钗上。钗，女子插在头发上的首饰；缀，连着、粘着。
他家tā jiā: tā jiā: those willows. Jiā here adds nothing but a tone of speech.他家：那柳树。家是语气词，没有实际意思。
万条千缕wàn tiáo qiān lǚ: wàn tiáo qiān lǚ: thousands upon thousands of willow strands.万条千缕：成千上万根柳条。
解遮亭障驿jiě zhē tíng zhàng yì: jiě zhē tíng zhàng yì: they know how to screen the roadside pavilions and post stations. Jiě means to know how; a yì was a stop where messengers and officials changed horses.解遮亭障驿：懂得遮住路边的亭子和驿站。解，懂得、会；驿，驿站，古代送信人和过路官员换马歇脚的地方。
不隔江水bù gé jiāng shuǐ: bù gé jiāng shuǐ: yet they cannot block the river that carries travellers away.不隔江水：却挡不住江水把行人带走。
瓜洲guā zhōu: guā zhōu: Guazhou, an old ferry crossing on the Yangtze, south of today's Yangzhou in Jiangsu.瓜洲：长江边上的古渡口，在今天江苏扬州南边。
舣yǐ: yǐ: to bring a boat to the bank and moor it.舣：把船靠岸停下。
行人xíng rén: xíng rén: a traveller going far away.行人：出远门的人。
日下rì xià: rì xià: the capital. The emperor was compared to the sun, so "under the sun" meant the capital.日下：京城。古人把皇帝比作太阳，太阳底下就是京城。
长秋cháng qiū: cháng qiū: the Changqiu Palace, where Han empresses lived. Here it stands for the home of the empress and empress dowager.长秋：长秋宫，汉代皇后住的宫殿，这里借指皇后、太后住的地方。
城乌夜起chéng wū yè qǐ: chéng wū yè qǐ: crows on the city wall start up and fly in the night.城乌夜起：城头的乌鸦半夜惊飞起来。
帐庐zhàng lú: zhàng lú: a felt tent, the kind the nomads of the north lived in.帐庐：用毡子搭的帐篷，北方游牧民族住的那种。
好在hǎo zài: hǎo zài: still, as before, safe and sound.好在：依旧、还好好地。
湖上hú shàng: hú shàng: on West Lake, in Lin'an, the Southern Song capital, today's Hangzhou.湖上：西湖上。西湖在南宋的都城临安，就是今天的杭州。
草青无地cǎo qīng wú dì: cǎo qīng wú dì: green grass everywhere, and nowhere left to land.草青无地：青草铺满，没有一块地方可以落脚。
愔愔yīn yīn: yīn yīn: quiet and steady, never stopping.愔愔：安安静静、绵绵不断的样子。
春心如腻chūn xīn rú nì: chūn xīn rú nì: the spring heart feels soaked by rain, heavy and sticky, and cannot clear. Nì means sticky and damp.春心如腻：春天的心思像被雨打湿了一样，又沉又黏，化不开。腻，黏、湿滑。
欲待化yù dài huà: yù dài huà: it wants to change into something else. A legend says catkins that fall into water turn into duckweed.欲待化：想要化掉。传说杨花落到水里会变成浮萍。
丰乐楼fēng lè lóu: fēng lè lóu: the Fengle Tower, a famous wine house beside West Lake in Hangzhou in Southern Song times.丰乐楼：南宋时杭州西湖边一座有名的酒楼。
帐饮zhàng yǐn: zhàng yǐn: setting up a tent outdoors and drinking to see someone off.帐饮：在野外搭起帐幕摆酒送别。
青门qīng mén: qīng mén: the Green Gate, the east gate of Han Chang'an, where people said goodbye. Here it stands for the gates of the capital.青门：本是汉代长安的东城门，人们常在那里送别，这里借指京城的城门。
都废dōu fèi: dōu fèi: all fallen into ruin.都废：全都荒废了。
流落无几liú luò wú jǐ: liú luò wú jǐ: drifting far from home, and few are left.流落无几：流落在外，剩下的已经没有多少了。
抟作tuán zuò: tuán zuò: to roll it into a ball with the hands.抟作：用手把它团成一团。
雪绵松润xuě mián sōng rùn: xuě mián sōng rùn: fluff as white as snow, loose, soft and a little damp.雪绵松润：像雪一样白的绵絮，松松软软，又带着湿气。
裛泪yì lèi: yì lèi: to soak up tears, that is, to wipe them away.裛泪：沾湿眼泪，就是拿来擦眼泪。

How to read it读音

那nǎ: Here this character means "how could", the same as the modern word for "which", so it is read nǎ.“那复有”的“那”是“哪里、怎么”的意思，读 nǎ，同“哪”。
好hǎo: Hǎo zài means "still there, safe and sound", so this character is read hǎo.“好在”是“还好好地在、依旧”的意思，读 hǎo。
都dōu: Here it means "all", read dōu, not dū as in "capital city".这里是“全、都”的意思，读 dōu；不是“首都”的 dū。
裛yì: This rare character is read yì and means to soak or moisten.裛读 yì，是“沾湿、浸润”的意思。

Background创作背景

This ci is about willow catkins, the white fluff that floats off willow trees. It was written around the fall of the Southern Song, though the exact year is not known. In 1276 the Yuan army took the Song capital, Lin'an (today's Hangzhou), and the empress dowager and the child emperor were taken north as captives. Many readers think the lines about the empresses' palace and the felt tents describe the palace women carried off to the north, and that the homeless, drifting catkins stand for people scattered after their country fell. Others read it simply as a poem about parting, told through catkins.

这首词写的是杨花，也就是柳絮。它写于南宋灭亡前后，具体哪一年说不清。1276年，元军攻进南宋都城临安（今杭州），太后和小皇帝被押到北方。不少人认为，词里的“日下长秋”“帐庐”写的就是被带到北方的宫中女子；杨花无家可归、到处飘落，也正像亡国后流落四方的人。也有人只把它当作一首借杨花写离别的词来读。

The poet作者

Peng Yuanxun, also called Xunwu, came from Luling, today's Ji'an in Jiangxi. He lived at the end of the Southern Song and the start of the Yuan, and his birth and death years are not known. He knew the poet Liu Chenweng from the same region, and they wrote ci in reply to each other. After the Song fell, he did not take office under the Yuan. Only a few of his ci survive. They often use flowers and scenery to grieve for a broken country and a drifting life.

彭元逊，字巽吾，庐陵（今江西吉安）人，生活在南宋末年到元朝初年，生卒年不详。他和同乡词人刘辰翁有来往，互相写词唱和。南宋灭亡以后，他没有去元朝做官。他留下的词不多，常常借花草和景物，写国家破碎、身世飘零的悲伤。

The mood意境

The whole ci is about catkins, yet at every turn it seems to be about people. It opens by saying the spring wind has grown old. The catkins have lost their old glory; no one takes them in, and they can only lodge here and there. As soon as they land, they are blown away again, and they foolishly hope the wind will carry them back. The willow strands can hide pavilions and post stations, but cannot stop the river from carrying travellers away. The second stanza is sadder still. Crows fly at night over the palace in the capital, and the palace women now live in tents in the north. The catkins want to fly back to West Lake, but there is nowhere to land. They want to turn into duckweed, but the gates where people once said goodbye are in ruins. At the end, the poet rolls the catkins into a snow-white ball to wipe someone's tears. As you read, picture white fluff filling the sky, slowly soaking in the fine rain and sinking down. That is a crowd of people who have lost their home.

整首词都在写杨花，却又处处像在写人。开头说春风老了，杨花失去了当年的风光，没人收留，只能到处寄身。它刚到一个地方就被吹走，傻傻地盼着风把它送回去。柳条能遮住亭子和驿站，却挡不住江水带走行人。下阕更伤心：京城的宫殿里乌鸦夜飞，宫里的人住进了北方的帐篷；杨花想飞回西湖，却连落脚的地方都没有；想化作浮萍，送别的城门也已经荒废。最后，词人把杨花团成雪白的一团，替人擦眼泪。读的时候，可以想象漫天飞舞的白絮，在细雨里慢慢湿透、沉下去。那就是一群失去家园的人。