Song lyric · ci lyric to the tune Lin Jiang Xian, in two stanzas宋词 · 词·临江仙（双调）

lín临jiāng江xiān仙·gāo高yǒng咏chǔ楚cí词chóu酬wǔ午rì日

chén陈yǔ与yì义Chen Yuyi · Song宋

Immortal by the River: Chanting the Songs of Chu Aloud for the Duanwu Festival

gāo高yǒng咏chǔ楚cí词chóu酬wǔ午rì日

tiān天yá涯jié节xù序cōng匆cōng匆

liú榴huā花bú不sì似wǔ舞qún裙hóng红

wú无rén人zhī知cǐ此yì意

gē歌bà罢mǎn满lián帘fēng风

wàn万shì事yì一shēn身shāng伤lǎo老yǐ矣

róng戎kuí葵níng凝xiào笑qiáng墙dōng东

jiǔ酒bēi杯shēn深qiǎn浅qù去nián年tóng同

shì试jiāo浇qiáo桥xià下shuǐ水

jīn今xī夕dào到xiāng湘zhōng中

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

In the seventh line the common text has róng kuí, the hollyhock; the corpus mistakenly has a look-alike character that makes no sense here. We follow the common text.

第七句通行本作“戎葵凝笑墙东”，语料误作“戌葵”。戎葵就是蜀葵，是一种花。这里用通行本。

Line by line逐句翻译

高咏楚词酬午日I chant the Songs of Chu aloud to mark the Duanwu Festival.我高声吟诵《楚辞》，来过这个端午节。
天涯节序匆匆Wandering far from home, I watch the festivals hurry by.漂泊在天涯，节日一个个匆匆过去。
榴花不似舞裙红However red the pomegranate flowers, they are not as red as the dancers' skirts of old.石榴花再红，也比不上当年舞裙的红。
无人知此意No one understands what I feel.没有人懂得我的心意。
歌罢满帘风When the song is over, only the wind fills the curtains.唱完了，只有风吹满了帘子。
万事一身伤老矣After countless troubles I am alone, and I grieve that I have grown old.经历了万般事情，只剩我一个人，感叹自己老了。
戎葵凝笑墙东East of the wall the hollyhocks bloom, as if quietly smiling.墙东边的蜀葵花，静静地开着，好像在微笑。
酒杯深浅去年同The wine in my cup is poured just as it was last year.杯里的酒，倒得多少，和去年一样。
试浇桥下水I try pouring it into the water under the bridge,我试着把酒洒进桥下的流水，
今夕到湘中hoping that tonight it will reach the Xiang River, an offering to Qu Yuan.希望今晚它能流到湘江，去祭奠屈原。

Words字词注释

高咏gāo yǒng: gāo yǒng: to chant aloud.高咏：高声吟诵。
楚词chǔ cí: chǔ cí: the Songs of Chu, poems by Qu Yuan of the state of Chu and others in the Warring States period.楚词：就是《楚辞》，战国时楚国诗人屈原等人写的诗歌。
酬chóu: chóu: here, to mark or celebrate, by chanting poems.酬：这里是过、度过的意思，用吟诗来过节。
午日wǔ rì: wǔ rì: the Duanwu Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, said to honour Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in a river.午日：端午节，农历五月初五。传说是为纪念投江而死的屈原。
天涯tiān yá: tiān yá: the edge of the sky, here far from home.天涯：天边，这里指远离家乡的地方。
节序jié xù: jié xù: festivals and seasons.节序：节日和季节。
匆匆cōng cōng: cōng cōng: passing quickly.匆匆：很快地过去。
榴花liú huā: liú huā: pomegranate flowers, which bloom fiery red in the fifth month.榴花：石榴花，五月开，颜色火红。
舞裙wǔ qún: wǔ qún: dancers' skirts. He is remembering the lively festivals of peaceful years.舞裙：跳舞的人穿的裙子。这里想起从前太平时节过端午的热闹。
歌罢gē bà: gē bà: when the singing is over.歌罢：吟唱完了。
满帘风mǎn lián fēng: mǎn lián fēng: the wind fills the curtains.满帘风：风吹满了帘子。
万事一身wàn shì yì shēn: wàn shì yī shēn: after countless troubles, he is left all alone.万事一身：经历了许许多多的事，只剩下孤零零一个人。
伤老矣shāng lǎo yǐ: shāng lǎo yǐ: grieving that he has grown old. Yǐ is a word that ends the sentence, like "now".伤老矣：感叹自己已经老了。矣，语气词，相当于“了”。
戎葵róng kuí: róng kuí: the hollyhock, a summer flower with big, bright blooms.戎葵：蜀葵，一种夏天开的花，花朵大，颜色鲜艳。
凝笑níng xiào: níng xiào: the flowers bloom as if smiling quietly.凝笑：花开着，好像在静静地微笑。
深浅shēn qiǎn: shēn qiǎn: how full the cup is poured.深浅：酒倒得多和少。
试浇shì jiāo: shì jiāo: to try pouring wine out.试浇：试着把酒洒下去。
今夕jīn xī: jīn xī: tonight.今夕：今天晚上。
湘中xiāng zhōng: xiāng zhōng: the Xiang River region in today's Hunan. The Miluo River, where Qu Yuan drowned, flows into the waters there.湘中：湘江一带，在今湖南。屈原投水的汨罗江就流进湘江一带。

How to read it读音

似sì: Here this character is read sì; bù sì means not like.“似”在这里读 sì，“不似”是不像的意思。

Background创作背景

At the end of the Northern Song, the Jin army took the capital, Bianjing. Chen Yuyi fled south and ended up wandering in what is now Hunan. He wrote this lyric while spending the Duanwu Festival far from home, usually dated to about 1129 or 1130. Duanwu honours Qu Yuan, a loyal poet who loved his country but was driven into exile. Chanting Qu Yuan's poems, Chen Yuyi thought of his country and his own fate, and wrote this lyric.

北宋末年，金兵攻破都城汴京，陈与义一路向南逃难，后来流落到湖南一带。这首词是他在异乡过端午节时写的，一般认为作于南宋建炎年间（约1129—1130年）。端午节本来是纪念屈原的节日，屈原也是一位忠心爱国、却被迫流落的人。陈与义吟着屈原的诗，想到国家和自己的遭遇，写下了这首词。

The poet作者

Chen Yuyi (1090–1139; some say he died in 1138), also called Jianzhai, was from Luoyang and lived at the end of the Northern Song and the start of the Southern Song. He was a famous poet when young. After the Jin army invaded he fled from place to place, and his poems became deep and sorrowful, often about the suffering of his country. Later he served the Southern Song court and rose to be an assistant chief minister. Few of his lyrics survive, but they are well known.

陈与义（1090—1139，一说1138年去世），字去非，号简斋，洛阳人，北宋末、南宋初的诗人。他早年诗名很大，金兵南下后四处逃难，诗风变得沉郁，常写国家的苦难。后来他到南宋朝廷做官，做到参知政事。他的词留下来的不多，但很有名。

The mood意境

The opening line is bold. Spending Duanwu far from home, he does not eat rice dumplings or watch dragon boats; he chants Qu Yuan's poems aloud. But the more he chants, the lonelier he feels. The festivals hurry by, and however red the pomegranate flowers, they cannot match the dancers' skirts of the peaceful past. No one understands him; when the song ends, there is only wind in the curtains. In the second half he sighs that he has grown old, while the hollyhocks by the wall quietly smile. Flowers do not know human sorrow. The wine is the same as last year, but he and his country have changed. At last he pours wine into the water under the bridge, hoping it will reach the Xiang River tonight as an offering to Qu Yuan. One exile, across more than a thousand years, salutes another.

开头一句就有气势：在他乡过端午，他不吃粽子、不看龙舟，而是高声吟诵屈原的诗。可是越吟越孤独：节日匆匆过去，石榴花再红，也比不上从前太平时舞裙的红。没人懂他，唱完只剩一帘风。下半首他叹自己老了，墙边的蜀葵却在静静微笑，花不懂人的愁。酒和去年一样，人和国家却都变了。最后他把酒洒进桥下的水，希望今晚流到湘江，敬给屈原。一个流落的人，隔着一千多年，向另一个流落的人致意。