Song lyric · ci lyric宋词 · 词

lèi酹jiāng江yuè月·hè和yǒu友yì驿zhōng中yán言bié别

wén文tiān天xiáng祥Wen Tianxiang · Song宋

Lei Jiang Yue: Answering a Friend's Farewell at the Post Station

qián乾kūn坤néng能dà大

suàn算jiāo蛟lóng龙

yuán元bú不shì是chí池zhōng中wù物

fēng风yǔ雨láo牢chóu愁wú无zhuó著chù处

nǎ那gèng更hán寒chóng虫sì四bì壁

héng横shuò槊tí题shī诗

dēng登lóu楼zuò作fù赋

wàn万shì事kōng空zhōng中xuě雪

jiāng江liú流rú如cǐ此

fāng方lái来hái还yǒu有yīng英jié杰

kān堪xiào笑yí一yè叶piāo漂líng零

chóng重lái来huái淮shuǐ水

zhèng正liáng凉fēng风xīn新fā发

jìng镜lǐ里zhū朱yán颜dōu都biàn变jìn尽

zhǐ只yǒu有dān丹xīn心nán难miè灭

qù去qù去lóng龙shā沙

jiāng江shān山huí回shǒu首

yí一xiàn线qīng青rú如fà发

gù故rén人yīng应niàn念

dù杜juān鹃zhī枝shàng上cán残yuè月

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus title gives two names for the tune. Lei Jiang Yue is another name for the tune Nian Nu Jiao. The common text titles it 'Lei Jiang Yue: Answering a Friend's Farewell at the Post Station'.

语料库题作“酹江月・念奴娇”。“酹江月”是“念奴娇”这个词牌的另一个名字，通行本题作“酹江月·和友驿中言别”。

Line by line逐句翻译

乾坤能大Heaven and earth are so wide;天地这样广大，
算蛟龙surely a dragon想来蛟龙，
元不是池中物was never meant to stay in a pond.本来就不是池塘里的小东西。
风雨牢愁无著处In wind and rain my prison sorrow has nowhere to rest,风雨中满腔愁苦，没有地方安放，
那更寒虫四壁and how much worse, the autumn insects crying on all four walls.哪还经得起秋虫在四壁哀叫。
横槊题诗Writing poems with a spear across my lap, like Cao Cao,像曹操那样横槊写诗，
登楼作赋climbing a tower to write, like Wang Can:像王粲那样登楼作赋，
万事空中雪all of it has melted like snow in the air.万事都像空中的雪一样落空了。
江流如此Yet the great river still flows on like this,可是大江还是这样奔流，
方来还有英杰and heroes will rise again in times to come.将来一定还会有英雄豪杰。
堪笑一叶漂零How laughable that I drift like a single leaf,可笑我像一片叶子到处漂泊，
重来淮水come once again to the Qinhuai River,又一次来到秦淮河边，
正凉风新发just as the cool autumn wind begins to blow.正赶上凉爽的秋风刚刚吹起。
镜里朱颜都变尽In the mirror my young face has changed completely;镜子里，年轻的容颜全变了，
只有丹心难灭only my loyal heart can never be put out.只有一颗忠心永远不会熄灭。
去去龙沙Further and further I go, toward the northern desert.我越走越远，去往北方的沙漠，
江山回首Looking back at the land of the south,回头看看南方的江山，
一线青如发I see only a green line as thin as a hair.只剩一条像头发丝那么细的青线。
故人应念My old friend, you will surely remember me:老朋友啊，你想必会想念我，
杜鹃枝上残月I will be a cuckoo crying on a branch under the waning moon.那时我已化作杜鹃，在挂着残月的枝头啼叫。

Words字词注释

乾坤qián kūn: qián kūn: heaven and earth, the whole world.乾坤：天地。
能大néng dà: néng dà: so big.能大：这样大。
算suàn: suàn: to reckon, to think.算：想来，料想。
蛟龙jiāo lóng: jiāo lóng: a dragon of legend that can raise clouds and rain. It means a hero of great ability.蛟龙：传说中能兴云下雨的龙，比喻有大本领的英雄。
元yuán: yuán: the same as originally.元：同“原”，本来。
池中物chí zhōng wù: chí zhōng wù: a little creature of the pond. Saying a dragon is no pond creature means a hero will not stay trapped.池中物：池塘里的小东西。“蛟龙不是池中物”是说英雄不会长久被困住。
牢愁láo chóu: láo chóu: sorrow and gloom, also hinting at the misery of being a prisoner.牢愁：忧愁、苦闷，也暗指被关押的愁苦。
无著处wú zhuó chù: wú zhuó chù: no place to put it down.无著处：没有地方安放。
寒虫四壁hán chóng sì bì: hán chóng sì bì: autumn insects crying sadly along all four walls.寒虫四壁：秋虫在四面墙边凄凉地叫。
横槊题诗héng shuò tí shī: héng shuò tí shī: writing poems with a long spear laid across one's lap. Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms was said to do this. Shuò is a long spear.横槊题诗：横拿着长矛写诗。三国时曹操曾横槊赋诗。槊，长矛。
登楼作赋dēng lóu zuò fù: dēng lóu zuò fù: at the end of the Eastern Han, Wang Can climbed a city tower and wrote a famous rhapsody about homesickness and unfulfilled hopes.登楼作赋：东汉末年的王粲登上城楼，写了有名的《登楼赋》，抒发思乡和不得志的心情。
空中雪kōng zhōng xuě: kōng zhōng xuě: snow falling through the air, melting as soon as it lands. Everything comes to nothing.空中雪：天空中飘落的雪，一落地就化了。比喻万事一场空。
方来fāng lái: fāng lái: the future, times to come.方来：将来。
英杰yīng jié: yīng jié: heroes.英杰：英雄豪杰。
堪笑kān xiào: kān xiào: laughable. The poet is mocking himself.堪笑：可笑。这是作者自嘲。
一叶漂零yí yè piāo líng: yī yè piāo líng: drifting with nothing to hold on to, like a single leaf or a tiny boat.一叶漂零：像一片叶子、一只小船一样漂泊无依。
淮水huái shuǐ: huái shuǐ: here the Qinhuai River, which flows through Jinling, today's Nanjing.淮水：这里指流经金陵（今南京）的秦淮河。
朱颜zhū yán: zhū yán: a rosy face, a young look.朱颜：红润的脸色，指年轻的容貌。
丹心dān xīn: dān xīn: a red heart, true loyalty to one's country.丹心：红心，指对国家的一片忠心。
去去qù qù: qù qù: going further and further away.去去：越走越远。
龙沙lóng shā: lóng shā: at first a desert beyond the border; here it means the far north, where the Yuan capital Dadu was.龙沙：原指塞外的沙漠，这里指北方，元朝的都城大都。
一线青如发yí xiàn qīng rú fà: yī xiàn qīng rú fà: looking back at the southern land, it is only a green line as thin as a hair.一线青如发：回头看南方的江山，只剩一条像头发丝那么细的青线。
故人gù rén: gù rén: an old friend, here Deng Yan.故人：老朋友，这里指邓剡。
杜鹃dù juān: dù juān: the cuckoo. Legend says King Wang of old Shu turned into a cuckoo after death, and its cry is full of grief, as if calling to go home. The poet means that after death his soul too will fly home south as a cuckoo.杜鹃：杜鹃鸟。传说古蜀国的君主望帝死后变成杜鹃，叫声悲切，像在说“不如归去”。作者是说自己死后魂魄也要化作杜鹃飞回南方。

How to read it读音

乾qián: The word means heaven and earth, so the character is read qián, not gān.乾坤，天和地，“乾”读 qián，不读干净的 gān。
著zhuó: It means having no place to rest, so the character is read zhuó.无著处，没有地方安放，“著”读 zhuó，同“着落”的“着”。
那nǎ: It means how much worse, how could one bear more. The character works like the question word nǎ and is read nǎ.那更，哪里还经得起，“那”同“哪”，读 nǎ。
重chóng: It means coming again, so the character is read chóng.重来，再一次来，“重”读 chóng。
发fā: It means just starting to blow, read fā.新发，刚刚刮起来，读 fā。
发fà: It means as thin as a hair, read fà.如发，像头发丝一样细，读 fà。
应yīng: It means will surely remember, so the character is read yīng.应念，想必会想念，“应”读 yīng。

Background创作背景

In 1278 Wen Tianxiang's fight against the Yuan failed and he was captured. The next year Yuan soldiers took him north to their capital Dadu. On the way he passed through Jinling, today's Nanjing, and stayed at a post station. His friend Deng Yan, a prisoner with him, fell ill and was left in Jinling. At their parting Deng wrote him a lyric, and Wen answered with this one to the same tune. People have long held different views about which poet wrote which of the two.

1278年，文天祥抗元失败被俘。第二年，他被元军押往北方的大都，途中经过金陵（今南京），住在驿站里。和他一起被押的朋友邓剡因为生病，留在了金陵。分别时，邓剡写了一首词送他，文天祥就用同样的词牌写了这首词来回答。两首词的作者归属，历来也有不同说法。

The poet作者

Wen Tianxiang (1236 to 1283), also called Wenshan, was a chancellor at the end of the Southern Song and a national hero. When the Yuan armies came south, he raised troops to fight them, but he failed and was captured. The Yuan asked him again and again to give in, and he always refused. He was held in Dadu for over three years and finally met his death calmly. He also wrote 'Crossing the Lingding Sea' and 'Song of the Upright Spirit'.

文天祥（1236—1283），号文山，南宋末年的丞相和民族英雄。元军南下时，他起兵抗元，失败被俘。元朝多次劝他投降，他始终不肯，在大都被关了三年多，最后从容就义。他还写过《过零丁洋》和《正气歌》。

The mood意境

It opens on a grand scale: heaven and earth are vast, and a dragon was never a pond creature. Though he is a prisoner, Wen does not see himself as one. Then he writes of the misery of captivity: autumn insects cry on all four walls, and his old poems and hopes have melted like snow in the air. But at once he says the great river still flows, and heroes will come again. In the second half he mocks his own drifting. His face in the mirror has aged, but only his loyal heart cannot be put out, and that line is the strongest of all. At the end he looks back south, where the land is just a thin green line, and says that after death he will fly home as a cuckoo. The sorrow is full of an unbending spirit.

开头就气势很大：天地这么广阔，蛟龙本来就不是池中之物。作者虽然被关押，却不把自己看成囚犯。接着写牢中的愁苦，秋虫四壁哀鸣，过去的诗文抱负都像空中的雪一样化掉了。可他马上又说：大江照样奔流，将来还会有英雄。下半首自嘲漂泊，镜中容颜已老，但“只有丹心难灭”，这一句最有力量。最后他回望南方，江山只剩细细一线，并说死后要化作杜鹃飞回来。悲伤里满是不屈的骨气。