No. 74 · Song lyric · ci lyric (long form, three stanzas)第 74 首 · 宋词 · 词（长调，三叠）

lán兰líng陵wáng王·liǔ柳

zhōu周bāng邦yàn彦Zhou Bangyan · Song宋

Prince of Lanling: Willows

liǔ柳yīn阴zhí直

yān烟lǐ里sī丝sī丝nòng弄bì碧

suí隋dī堤shàng上

céng曾jiàn见jǐ几fān番

fú拂shuǐ水piāo飘mián绵sòng送xíng行sè色

dēng登lín临wàng望gù故guó国

shuí谁shí识

jīng京huá华juàn倦kè客

cháng长tíng亭lù路

nián年qù去suì岁lái来

yīng应zhé折róu柔tiáo条guò过qiān千chǐ尺

xián闲xún寻jiù旧zōng踪jì迹

yòu又jiǔ酒chèn趁āi哀xián弦

dēng灯zhào照lí离xí席

lí梨huā花yú榆huǒ火cuī催hán寒shí食

chóu愁yí一jiàn箭fēng风kuài快

bàn半gāo篙bō波nuǎn暖

huí回tóu头tiáo迢dì递biàn便shù数yì驿

wàng望rén人zài在tiān天běi北

qī凄cè恻

hèn恨duī堆jī积

jiàn渐bié别pǔ浦yíng萦huí回

jīn津hòu堠cén岑jì寂

xié斜yáng阳rǎn冉rǎn冉chūn春wú无jí极

niàn念yuè月xiè榭xié携shǒu手

lù露qiáo桥wén闻dí笛

chén沉sī思qián前shì事

sì似mèng梦lǐ里

lèi泪àn暗dī滴

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The source text writes chén sī (to think deeply) with an older form of the character chén. The commonly taught text uses the modern form, which this page follows.

古籍原文“沈思前事”的“沈”，是“沉”的古写，通行本作“沉思”，这里从通行本。

Line by line逐句翻译

柳阴直The willows stand in a line, their shade a straight path;柳树成行，树荫连成一条直线，
烟里丝丝弄碧in the mist their thread-thin twigs sway, showing off their green.在薄雾里，细细的柳枝摆弄着青绿。
隋堤上On the Sui Dyke在隋堤上，
曾见几番how many times have I seen我曾经多少次看见，
拂水飘绵送行色willows brushing the water and fluff drifting, seeing travellers on their way?柳枝拂着水面，柳絮飘飞，送走远行的人。
登临望故国I climb up high and gaze toward home;我登上高处，眺望故乡，
谁识who can understand有谁能懂得
京华倦客this traveller worn out by the capital?我这个在京城漂泊厌倦了的人？
长亭路Along the road by the farewell pavilion,长亭边的路上，
年去岁来year after year,一年又一年，
应折柔条过千尺the willow twigs broken off for partings must add up to more than a thousand feet.送别时折下的柳枝，加起来该超过一千尺了。
闲寻旧踪迹In idle moments I look for traces of the past;闲来寻找旧日的踪迹，
又酒趁哀弦again there is wine to the sound of sad strings,又是伴着悲伤的琴声喝酒，
灯照离席and lamplight on the farewell table.灯光照着送别的酒席。
梨花榆火催寒食Pear blossom and the new elm fire hurry in the Cold Food Festival.梨花开了，榆火新燃，寒食节又匆匆到来。
愁一箭风快I dread it: the wind drives the boat as swift as an arrow,我发愁：顺风的船快得像箭，
半篙波暖the pole dips into warm spring water,竹篙插进暖暖的春水，
回头迢递便数驿and when I look back I am already far away, several stations gone,一回头，已经远远地过了好几个驿站，
望人在天北and the one I long for is at the northern edge of the sky.想望的人已在天的北边。
凄恻How sad I am;多么悲伤，
恨堆积the sorrow piles up.愁恨一层层堆积起来。
渐别浦萦回Slowly the parting shore winds away,渐渐地，送别的水边弯弯绕绕，
津堠岑寂the ferry's watch post stands lonely and still,渡口的土堡冷冷清清，
斜阳冉冉春无极the setting sun sinks slowly, and spring spreads without end.夕阳慢慢西沉，春色无边无际。
念月榭携手I remember holding hands in the moonlit pavilion,想起曾在月下的亭台里手拉着手，
露桥闻笛and hearing a flute on the dewy bridge.在沾满露水的桥上听人吹笛。
沉思前事Thinking deeply of those days,深深回想从前的事，
似梦里it is all like a dream,好像在梦里一样，
泪暗滴and my tears fall in secret.眼泪悄悄地往下流。

Words字词注释

柳阴直liǔ yīn zhí: liǔ yīn zhí: willows stand in a row along the bank, and their shade makes a straight line.柳阴直：堤上的柳树一棵接一棵，树荫连成一条直线。
烟里yān lǐ: yān lǐ: in a mist as thin as smoke.烟里：在像烟一样的薄雾里。
丝丝弄碧sī sī nòng bì: sī sī nòng bì: thread-like willow twigs sway in the wind, showing off their green. Nòng means to play with, to show off.丝丝弄碧：一根根细长的柳枝随风摆动，显出青绿的颜色。弄，摆弄、卖弄。
隋堤suí dī: suí dī: the Sui Dyke, the banks of the Bian canal built in the Sui dynasty and planted with willows, near the Song capital Bianjing.隋堤：隋朝开凿汴河时修的河堤，堤上种满了柳树，在汴京一带。
几番jǐ fān: jǐ fān: many times.几番：好多次。
拂水飘绵fú shuǐ piāo mián: fú shuǐ piāo mián: willow twigs brush the water and willow fluff drifts like cotton.拂水飘绵：柳枝轻轻扫着水面，柳絮像棉花一样飘飞。
送行色sòng xíng sè: sòng xíng sè: to see off travellers. Xíng sè is the look of someone setting out on a journey.送行色：送别远行的人。行色，出发远行时的样子。
登临dēng lín: dēng lín: to climb up high.登临：登上高处。
故国gù guó: gù guó: one's home country, one's hometown.故国：故乡。
谁识shuí shí: shuí shí: who knows, who understands.谁识：有谁知道、理解。
京华倦客jīng huá juàn kè: jīng huá juàn kè: a weary traveller worn out by life in the capital; the poet means himself. Jīng huá means the capital.京华倦客：在京城待厌了、漂泊疲倦的人，是作者自指。京华，京城。
长亭cháng tíng: cháng tíng: a roadside pavilion where travellers rested; people often said goodbye there.长亭：古代路边供行人休息的亭子，人们常在这里送别。
年去岁来nián qù suì lái: nián qù suì lái: year after year.年去岁来：一年又一年。
折柔条zhé róu tiáo: zhé róu tiáo: to break off soft willow twigs. People used to give a willow twig when saying goodbye, because the word for willow sounds like the word for stay.折柔条：折下柔软的柳枝。古人送别时有折柳相送的习俗，因为“柳”和“留”读音相近。
过千尺guò qiān chǐ: guò qiān chǐ: the twigs broken off would add up to more than a thousand feet, meaning there have been countless farewells.过千尺：折下的柳枝加起来超过一千尺，说送别的次数太多了。
旧踪迹jiù zōng jì: jiù zōng jì: old traces, memories of the past.旧踪迹：从前留下的痕迹，指过去的往事。
酒趁哀弦jiǔ chèn āi xián: jiǔ chèn āi xián: drinking to sad music. Chèn means along with.酒趁哀弦：伴着悲伤的琴声喝酒。趁，伴随、跟着。
离席lí xí: lí xí: a farewell dinner.离席：送别的酒席。
榆火yú huǒ: yú huǒ: elm fire. People lit no fires on the Cold Food Festival, and afterwards started a new fire with elm or willow wood.榆火：古人在寒食节不生火，节后再用榆树、柳树的木头钻出新火。
寒食hán shí: hán shí: the Cold Food Festival, a day or two before Qingming, when pear trees are in bloom.寒食：寒食节，在清明节前一两天。这时正是梨花开的时候。
催cuī: cuī: to hurry along. It means time flies, and the Cold Food Festival is here again.催：催促，这里说时光走得快，寒食节又到了。
一箭风快yí jiàn fēng kuài: yī jiàn fēng kuài: with the wind behind it, the boat shoots off like an arrow.一箭风快：顺风行船，船快得像射出去的箭。
半篙波暖bàn gāo bō nuǎn: bàn gāo bō nuǎn: the punting pole dips half its length into warm spring water. A gāo is a long bamboo pole for pushing a boat.半篙波暖：撑船的竹篙插进暖暖的春水里，水深半篙。篙，撑船用的长竹竿。
迢递tiáo dì: tiáo dì: far, far away.迢递：遥远的样子。
便数驿biàn shù yì: biàn shù yì: in no time it has passed several post stations. A yì was a station where travellers changed horses and rested.便数驿：一下子就过了好几个驿站。驿，古代路上换马、歇脚的地方。
天北tiān běi: tiān běi: the north end of the sky, meaning very far away.天北：天的北边，形容很远。
凄恻qī cè: qī cè: sad and heartbroken.凄恻：悲伤难过。
恨堆积hèn duī jī: hèn duī jī: the sorrow of parting piles up layer on layer.恨堆积：离别的愁恨一层层堆起来。
别浦bié pǔ: bié pǔ: the waterside where people part. Pǔ means a riverbank.别浦：送别的水边。浦，水边。
萦回yíng huí: yíng huí: the water winds and turns.萦回：水流弯弯曲曲地回旋。
津堠jīn hòu: jīn hòu: an earthen watch post at a ferry crossing. Jīn means a ferry.津堠：渡口边供守望、歇息的土堡。津，渡口。
岑寂cén jì: cén jì: lonely and quiet.岑寂：冷清寂静。
冉冉rǎn rǎn: rǎn rǎn: moving slowly.冉冉：慢慢移动的样子。
春无极chūn wú jí: chūn wú jí: spring stretches without end.春无极：春色无边无际。
月榭yuè xiè: yuè xiè: a moonlit pavilion. A xiè is a building set on a raised terrace.月榭：月光下的亭台。榭，建在台上的房屋。
携手xié shǒu: xié shǒu: hand in hand.携手：手拉着手。
露桥lù qiáo: lù qiáo: a little bridge wet with dew.露桥：沾着露水的小桥。
沉思chén sī: chén sī: to think back deeply.沉思：深深地回想。
暗滴àn dī: àn dī: to shed tears quietly, where no one sees.暗滴：偷偷地流泪。

How to read it读音

谁shuí: This character can be read shuí or shéi; in reciting poems shuí is more usual.“谁”有 shuí、shéi 两种读法，朗读诗词时多读 shuí。
应yīng: Here it means surely, must have, and is read yīng.“应”是“应该、想必”的意思，读 yīng。
数shù: Shù yì means several post stations; the character means several and is read shù, not shǔ.“数驿”是“好几个驿站”，“数”读 shù，不读 shǔ。
斜xié: Today it is read xié. The old reading was xiá, which some people use when reciting.现在读 xié。古音读 xiá，有人朗读时按古音读。

Background创作背景

The title is "Willows", but the lyric is really about parting. In the Song capital Bianjing, today's Kaifeng in Henan, the Sui Dyke was lined with willows, and people said goodbye there. The poet calls himself a traveller weary of the capital. It is usually thought he wrote it when leaving Bianjing after years as an official there, but no reliable record says which year or whom he was parting from. A Song writer's notes tell a story linking it to Emperor Huizong and the singer Li Shishi, but most later scholars think that is only a legend. Records say the song was very popular in the capital in the early Southern Song, where it was called the Three Refrains of Weicheng.

这首词题目是“柳”，其实写的是离别。宋代汴京（今河南开封）的隋堤上种满柳树，是人们送别的地方。词中自称“京华倦客”，一般认为是周邦彦在汴京做官多年、要离开京城时写的，但具体是哪一年、送的是谁，没有可靠的记载。宋人笔记里有一个他和宋徽宗、李师师有关的故事，说这首词因此而作，后人多认为那只是传说。据记载，这首词在南宋初年的都城很流行，被称为“渭城三叠”。

The poet作者

Zhou Bangyan (1056–1121), also known as Meicheng, came from Qiantang, today's Hangzhou in Zhejiang. He was a Northern Song lyric poet who knew music deeply, wrote his own tunes, and once ran the court's music office. His lyrics follow the rules of rhythm closely, choose words with great care, and paint parting and longing in fine detail. The modern scholar Wang Guowei called him the Du Fu of lyric poetry. This long lyric is one of his best works.

周邦彦（1056—1121），字美成，号清真居士，钱塘（今浙江杭州）人，北宋词人。他精通音乐，能自己作曲，曾经主管朝廷的音乐机构。他的词格律严谨，用字精美，写离别和相思特别细腻，近代学者王国维把他比作“词中老杜”，意思是词里的杜甫。这首长调是他的代表作。

The mood意境

This lyric has three parts, like a film in three acts. The first is the willows on the dyke. Their thin twigs sway in the mist; every year they see people off, and the twigs broken off for farewells would stretch over a thousand feet. The poet misses home too, but no one understands this weary traveller in the capital. The second part is the night of parting: sad music, a farewell table under the lamp, pear blossom, and the Cold Food Festival come round again. He dreads how fast the boat will go; one look back and several stations are gone, and the one he loves is far away in the north. The third part comes after the boat has left. The shore winds away, the ferry post is lonely, the sun sinks slowly, yet spring spreads without end. He remembers holding hands under the moon and hearing a flute on the bridge. It all seems like a dream, and his tears fall quietly. Not one line cries out "I am sad", yet step by step it leads you into his sorrow. Readers disagree on whether the one leaving is the poet or the friend he sees off; most take it that the poet himself is leaving.

这首词分三段，像一部三幕的电影。第一段是堤上的柳：细细的柳枝在薄雾里摇摆，年年都在送别人，送别时折下的柳枝加起来都超过一千尺了。作者也想家，可是没人懂他这个京城里的“倦客”。第二段是送别的那一晚：哀伤的琴声，灯光下的离席，梨花开了，寒食节又到了。他发愁船走得太快，一回头已经过了好几个驿站，人已远在天北。第三段写船走远之后：水边弯弯绕绕，渡口冷冷清清，夕阳慢慢落下，春色却无边无际。他想起从前月下携手、桥上听笛，就像一场梦，眼泪悄悄滴下。全词没有一句直接喊“我好难过”，却让人一步步跟着他走进愁里。至于词中走的是作者还是他送的人，说法不一，一般理解为作者自己离开。