Tang poem · seven-character regulated verse唐诗 · 七言律诗

jiāng江zhōu州chóng重bié别xuē薛liù六liǔ柳bā八èr二yuán员wài外

liú刘cháng长qīng卿Liu Changqing · Tang唐

Parting Again at Jiangzhou from Two Officials, Xue the Sixth and Liu the Eighth

shēng生yá涯qǐ岂liào料chéng承yōu优zhào诏

shì世shì事kōng空zhī知xué学zuì醉gē歌

jiāng江shàng上yuè月míng明hú胡yàn雁guò过

huái淮nán南mù木luò落chǔ楚shān山duō多

jì寄shēn身qiě且xǐ喜cāng沧zhōu洲jìn近

gù顾yǐng影wú无rú如bái白fà发hé何

jīn今rì日lóng龙zhōng钟rén人gòng共qì弃

kuì愧jūn君yóu犹qiǎn遣shèn慎fēng风bō波

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The source text writes yàn (goose) and kuì (ashamed) in older variant forms. Common editions use the standard forms. The meaning is the same.

语料里“胡雁”写作“胡鴈”，“愧君”写作“媿君”。“鴈”是“雁”的异体字，“媿”是“愧”的异体字，通行本写作“雁”“愧”。

Line by line逐句翻译

生涯岂料承优诏In all my life, who would have thought I would get such a kind edict?这辈子哪里想到会接到皇帝这样的“优诏”，
世事空知学醉歌Facing the world, all I know is to drink and sing.面对世事，我只知道学着借酒高歌。
江上月明胡雁过The moon shines on the river, and northern geese fly past.明月照着江面，北方的大雁从天上飞过；
淮南木落楚山多In the south the leaves have fallen, and the hills of Chu look many and bare.淮南的树叶落光了，楚地的群山显得更多了。
寄身且喜沧洲近At least I am glad my new home is near the water.姑且高兴我寄身的地方离水边很近，
顾影无如白发何But looking at myself, what can I do about my white hair?可看看自己，对满头白发又有什么办法？
今日龙钟人共弃Now I am old and slow, and everyone has cast me aside.如今我老态龙钟，被人们一起抛弃，
愧君犹遣慎风波I am ashamed that you still tell me to beware of wind and waves.很惭愧你们还叮嘱我，路上要小心风浪。

Words字词注释

生涯shēng yá: shēng yá: one's life.生涯：一生、这辈子。
岂料qǐ liào: qǐ liào: who would have thought.岂料：哪里想到。
承优诏chéng yōu zhào: chéng yōu zhào: to receive a kind edict from the emperor. An edict is the emperor's written order. It is usually read as bitter irony, meaning the order that sent him away in disgrace. Another reading says it was an order that made his punishment lighter.承优诏：接到皇帝宽厚的诏书。诏书是皇帝下的命令。这里一般理解为反话，指把他贬官的命令；一说指减轻他处分的诏书。
空知kōng zhī: kōng zhī: only knowing how to.空知：只知道。
学醉歌xué zuì gē: xué zuì gē: to learn to drink and sing, drowning sorrow in wine.学醉歌：学着喝醉了唱歌，借酒消愁。
胡雁hú yàn: hú yàn: wild geese from the north.胡雁：从北方飞来的大雁。
淮南huái nán: huái nán: the land south of the Huai River.淮南：淮河以南的地方。
木落mù luò: mù luò: the leaves have fallen.木落：树叶落了。
楚山chǔ shān: chǔ shān: the hills of Chu. The Jiangzhou area once belonged to the old state of Chu.楚山：楚地的山。江州一带古代属于楚国。
寄身jì shēn: jì shēn: to lodge, to find a place to stay.寄身：寄住、安身。
且喜qiě xǐ: qiě xǐ: at least glad that.且喜：姑且高兴。
沧洲cāng zhōu: cāng zhōu: land by the water, often used for the home of a hermit.沧洲：水边的地方，古人常用来指隐士住的地方。
顾影gù yǐng: gù yǐng: to look at one's own shadow, that is, to look at oneself.顾影：看看自己的影子，就是看看自己。
无如白发何wú rú bái fà hé: wú rú bái fà hé: there is nothing to be done about the white hair.无如白发何：对满头白发毫无办法。
龙钟lóng zhōng: lóng zhōng: old, weak and slow.龙钟：年老体衰、行动不便的样子。
人共弃rén gòng qì: rén gòng qì: cast aside by everyone.人共弃：被大家一起抛弃。
愧君kuì jūn: kuì jūn: I feel ashamed to trouble you.愧君：让你们费心，我感到惭愧。
犹遣yóu qiǎn: yóu qiǎn: still telling me to.犹遣：还叮嘱我。
慎风波shèn fēng bō: shèn fēng bō: to beware of wind and waves on the river, and also of trouble in official life.慎风波：小心江上的风浪，也暗指官场上的风波。

How to read it读音

发fà: In white hair, the character means hair and is read fà.“白发”的“发”是头发，读 fà。

Background创作背景

Liu Changqing was blunt and honest. He offended powerful people and was sent away in disgrace twice. This poem is usually thought to have been written when he passed through Jiangzhou, today's Jiujiang in Jiangxi, on the way to his place of exile. There he said goodbye a second time to two friends, Xue and Liu, so the title says "parting again". "The Sixth" and "the Eighth" are their places among their brothers; their full names are no longer known. Yuanwai was the title of an official post. Which of his two exiles this belongs to is debated.

刘长卿为人刚直，得罪过权贵，一生两次被贬官。这首诗一般认为是他遭贬谪、路过江州（今江西九江）时写的。在这里，他第二次和薛、柳两位朋友告别，所以题目叫“重别”。“薛六”“柳八”是按家中兄弟排行称呼，他们的名字已经不清楚；“员外”是员外郎，一种官职。具体是哪一次被贬时写的，说法不一。

The poet作者

Liu Changqing, also called Wenfang, was a Tang poet. Sources differ on his dates; he lived roughly from the reign of Emperor Xuanzong to that of Emperor Dezong. He was best at five-character poems and was called the Great Wall of five-character verse, but his seven-character regulated poems are fine too. His poems often tell of the grief of exile and the loneliness of hills and rivers.

刘长卿，字文房，唐代诗人，生卒年说法不一，大约生活在唐玄宗到唐德宗时期。他擅长写五言诗，被人称为“五言长城”，七律也写得好。他的诗多写贬谪的愁苦和山水的冷清。

The mood意境

The opening carries a bitter smile. He has been sent away in disgrace, yet he calls it a "kind edict", as if the emperor were being generous. All he can do is drink and sing. The middle shows the river scene: geese fly south under the moon, the leaves are gone, and the hills stand bare. The geese flying south are like him being driven south. The falling leaves are like his own aging. Then he says that at least his new home is near the water, where he can live like a hermit. But one look at his white hair, and he feels helpless. The ending is the most touching. Everyone else has cast him aside, and only these friends still tell him to beware of the waves. That one caring word makes him both grateful and ashamed.

开头两句就带着苦笑：被贬官了，却说是“承优诏”，皇帝真是“宽厚”啊。自己能做的，只有喝酒唱歌。中间写江边的景：月光下大雁南飞，树叶落尽，群山光秃秃的。大雁南飞，正像自己被赶到南方；落叶飘零，正像自己的衰老。接着他说，好在住处靠近水边，可以像隐士一样过日子，可一看满头白发，又无可奈何。最后最让人心酸：人人都抛弃了我，只有你们还叮嘱我“小心风浪”。一句关心，让他又感激又惭愧。