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hè贺xīn新láng郎·sòng送hú胡bāng邦héng衡dài待zhì制fù赴xīn新zhōu州

zhāng张yuán元gān干Zhang Yuangan · Song宋

To the Tune He Xin Lang: Seeing Hu Bangheng Off to Xinzhou

mèng梦rào绕shén神zhōu州lù路

chàng怅qiū秋fēng风

lián连yíng营huà画jiǎo角

gù故gōng宫lí离shǔ黍

dǐ底shì事kūn昆lún仑qīng倾dǐ砥zhù柱

jiǔ九dì地huáng黄liú流luàn乱zhù注

jù聚wàn万luò落qiān千cūn村hú狐tù兔

tiān天yì意cóng从lái来gāo高nán难wèn问

kuàng况rén人qíng情lǎo老yì易bēi悲nán难sù诉

gèng更nán南pǔ浦

sòng送jūn君qù去

liáng凉shēng生àn岸liǔ柳cuī催cán残shǔ暑

gěng耿xié斜hé河

shū疏xīng星dàn淡yuè月

duàn断yún云wēi微dù度

wàn万lǐ里jiāng江shān山zhī知hé何chù处

huí回shǒu首duì对chuáng床yè夜yǔ语

yàn雁bú不dào到

shū书chéng成shuí谁yǔ与

mù目jìn尽qīng青tiān天huái怀jīn今gǔ古

kěn肯ér儿cáo曹ēn恩yuàn怨xiāng相ěr尔rǔ汝

jǔ举dà大bái白

tīng听jīn金lǚ缕

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus text has no title, and one line reads "how easily people grow sad with age, so much" where the usual text has "how easily people grow sad with age, too sad to tell". The usual text and its title, "Seeing Hu Bangheng Off to Xinzhou", are followed here.

原始文本没有题目，“况人情、老易悲如许”一句，通行本作“况人情老易悲难诉”，这里用通行本。题目按通行本作“送胡邦衡待制赴新州”。

Line by line逐句翻译

梦绕神州路Even in dreams I circle the roads of the lost north.我在梦里也总围着中原的道路打转。
怅秋风In the autumn wind my heart aches:秋风里我满心惆怅，
连营画角horns sound from camp after camp,只听见一座座军营吹着号角，
故宫离黍and the old capital's palaces are overgrown with millet.旧都的宫殿长满了庄稼。
底事昆仑倾砥柱Why did the sky-holding mountain fall and the river's rock pillar crumble,为什么撑天的大山会倒，河中的砥柱会塌，
九地黄流乱注so that the Yellow River floods pour everywhere?让黄河的洪水到处乱流？
聚万落千村狐兔Foxes and hares crowd into ten thousand villages.千村万落都聚满了狐狸和野兔。
天意从来高难问Heaven's will has always been too high to ask,老天的心意一向高远，没法去问，
况人情老易悲难诉and old men grow sad so easily, with grief too deep to tell.何况人老了容易伤心，悲痛说也说不出。
更南浦And now, on the southern shore,更何况在这南边的水边，
送君去I must see you off.我还要送你远去。
凉生岸柳催残暑Coolness rises in the willows on the bank, chasing off the last of summer.岸边柳树间生出凉意，催走了残余的暑气。
耿斜河The slanting Milky Way shines bright,斜挂的银河明亮闪烁，
疏星淡月the stars are few, the moon is pale,星星稀疏，月光淡淡，
断云微度and broken clouds drift slowly by.零碎的云慢慢飘过。
万里江山知何处Ten thousand miles away, who knows where you will be?你要去的万里之外，谁知道在哪里？
回首对床夜语I look back on nights we talked from facing beds.回想我们对床夜谈的日子。
雁不到Even the wild geese cannot fly that far;那里连大雁都飞不到，
书成谁与when I write a letter, who will carry it?信写好了，又托谁带去？
目尽青天怀今古We gaze to the end of the sky and think of past and present,我们望尽青天，想的是古往今来的大事，
肯儿曹恩怨相尔汝not like children squabbling over little favours and grudges.哪会像小孩子那样为一点恩怨你我计较！
举大白Raise a big cup,举起大酒杯，
听金缕and listen to my Golden Thread song.听我唱这首《金缕曲》。

Words字词注释

梦绕mèng rào: mèng rào: even in dreams the mind circles round it, always longing for it.梦绕：在梦里也总是围着它转，形容一直挂念。
神州shén zhōu: shén zhōu: here, the Central Plains in the north, which the Jin had taken.神州：这里指北方的中原地区，当时已经被金国占领。
怅chàng: chàng: sad, at a loss.怅：难过，失落。
连营lián yíng: lián yíng: army camps one after another.连营：一座接一座的军营。
画角huà jiǎo: huà jiǎo: an army horn painted with patterns, blown in camp.画角：军中吹的号角，外面画着花纹。
故宫离黍gù gōng lí shǔ: gù gōng lí shǔ: the old palace overgrown with millet. It echoes an ancient poem in the Book of Songs about grief at seeing a fallen capital turned into fields. Here it means Bianjing, the old Northern Song capital, now in enemy hands.故宫离黍：旧都的宫殿长满了庄稼。出自《诗经》里的《黍离》，那首诗写看到故都变成庄稼地的悲伤。这里指北宋都城汴京落入敌手。
底事dǐ shì: dǐ shì: why.底事：为什么。
昆仑倾砥柱kūn lún qīng dǐ zhù: kūn lún qīng dǐ zhù: the great mountain that holds up the sky falls, the rock pillar in the river collapses. Kunlun was the legendary mountain at the world's centre; Dizhu was a rock in the Yellow River that stood against the rapids. Together they mean the country's pillars have fallen and the north is lost.昆仑倾砥柱：撑天的大山倒了，河里的砥柱塌了。昆仑，传说中撑天的山；砥柱，黄河里一座挡住急流的石山。比喻国家的支柱崩塌，北方沦陷。
九地jiǔ dì: jiǔ dì: everywhere on earth.九地：遍地，到处。
黄流乱注huáng liú luàn zhù: huáng liú luàn zhù: the Yellow River floods pour everywhere. It stands for enemy troops running wild across the land.黄流乱注：黄河的洪水到处乱流。比喻金兵到处横行。
聚万落千村狐兔jù wàn luò qiān cūn hú tù: jù wàn luò qiān cūn hú tù: foxes and hares crowd into thousands of villages. The villages are empty and wild, and the foxes also stand for the enemy.聚万落千村狐兔：千千万万个村子里，聚满了狐狸和野兔。形容村庄荒废，也比喻敌人横行。
天意从来高难问tiān yì cóng lái gāo nán wèn: tiān yì cóng lái gāo nán wèn: heaven's will has always been too high to ask about. It borrows a line from Du Fu, and quietly hints that the court's intentions are just as hard to grasp.天意从来高难问：老天的心意一向高高在上，没法去问。这句化用杜甫的诗，也暗指朝廷的心思捉摸不透。
况kuàng: kuàng: what is more, all the more.况：何况，更何况。
老易悲难诉lǎo yì bēi nán sù: lǎo yì bēi nán sù: old people grow sad easily, and their grief is hard to put into words.老易悲难诉：人老了容易伤心，心里的悲痛又说不出口。
南浦nán pǔ: nán pǔ: the southern shore. In old poems it often means a place where people say goodbye.南浦：南边的水边。古诗文里常用它指送别的地方。
凉生岸柳liáng shēng àn liǔ: liáng shēng àn liǔ: coolness rises among the willows on the bank.凉生岸柳：岸边的柳树间吹来了凉意。
催残暑cuī cán shǔ: cuī cán shǔ: hurrying the last of the summer heat away.催残暑：催着剩下的暑气离开，指夏天快过去了。
耿斜河gěng xié hé: gěng xié hé: the slanting Milky Way shines bright. Gěng means bright; xié hé is the Milky Way slanting across the sky.耿斜河：斜挂在天上的银河十分明亮。耿，明亮；斜河，斜着的银河。
断云微度duàn yún wēi dù: duàn yún wēi dù: broken bits of cloud drift slowly past.断云微度：一片片零碎的云慢慢飘过。
知何处zhī hé chù: zhī hé chù: who knows where. It means the friend is going somewhere unknown and far away.知何处：谁知道在什么地方，指好友要去的地方远得不知在哪里。
对床夜语duì chuáng yè yǔ: duì chuáng yè yǔ: two beds facing each other, talking late into the night, as close friends do.对床夜语：两张床对着放，夜里躺着说话。形容好朋友亲密相聚。
雁不到yàn bú dào: yàn bù dào: even the wild geese cannot get there. People said geese could carry letters, and also that geese flying south stopped at Hengyang. Xinzhou lies farther south, so not even geese reach it.雁不到：大雁也飞不到。古人说鸿雁能传信，又传说大雁南飞到衡阳就不再往南。新州在更南边，所以说连雁都到不了。
书成谁与shū chéng shuí yǔ: shū chéng shuí yǔ: when the letter is written, who will carry it?书成谁与：信写好了，交给谁带去呢？
目尽青天mù jìn qīng tiān: mù jìn qīng tiān: gazing to the far edge of the blue sky.目尽青天：一直望到天边。
怀今古huái jīn gǔ: huái jīn gǔ: thinking about the great affairs of past and present.怀今古：想着从古到今的大事。
肯儿曹恩怨相尔汝kěn ér cáo ēn yuàn xiāng ěr rǔ: kěn ér cáo ēn yuàn xiāng ěr rǔ: how could we be like children, fussing over little favours and grudges, calling each other "you, you"? Kěn means how could we; ér cáo means children; ěr rǔ are casual words for "you". The line borrows from a poem by Han Yu.肯儿曹恩怨相尔汝：哪会像小孩子那样，为一点小恩小怨你呀我呀地计较。肯，哪肯；儿曹，小孩子们；尔汝，你你我我，形容亲昵或争吵。这句化用韩愈的诗。
举大白jǔ dà bái: jǔ dà bái: raise a big wine cup. Dà bái means a large cup.举大白：举起大酒杯。大白，大酒杯。
金缕jīn lǚ: jīn lǚ: the Golden Thread song, another name for the tune He Xin Lang.金缕：《金缕曲》，就是“贺新郎”这个词牌的另一个名字。

How to read it读音

角jiǎo: In huà jiǎo (painted horn), the character is read jiǎo.画角：古代军中吹的号角，“角”读 jiǎo。
更gèng: Here the character means on top of that and is read gèng, not gēng.更：又、再加上，读 gèng。
与yǔ: In shuí yǔ (to whom to give it), the character means to give and is read yǔ.谁与：交给谁。“与”是给的意思，读 yǔ。

Background创作背景

Hu Quan, also called Hu Bangheng, was an official of the Southern Song. In 1138 he sent the emperor a letter against making peace with the Jin, who had taken the north. He even asked for the chief minister Qin Hui and others who wanted peace to be put to death. For this he was sent away to a lower post. In 1142 he was exiled even farther, to Xinzhou (today's Xinxing in Guangdong). Zhang Yuangan, then living in Fuzhou, was not afraid of getting into trouble and wrote this lyric to see him off. The records say that when Qin Hui learned of it, Zhang Yuangan was struck off the official rolls.

胡铨，字邦衡，是南宋的大臣。宋高宗绍兴八年（1138年），他上书反对向金国求和，要求杀掉主和的秦桧等人，因此被贬官。绍兴十二年（1142年），他又被发配到更远的新州（今广东新兴）。当时张元干住在福州，不怕连累，写了这首词为他送行。据记载，后来秦桧知道了这首词，张元干因此被除去了官籍。

The poet作者

Zhang Yuangan was born in 1091; sources differ on when he died. When the Jin attacked the Northern Song capital Bianjing, he served under Li Gang, a famous leader of the resistance. In the Southern Song he firmly wanted to fight the Jin and could not stand Qin Hui's push for peace. His early lyrics were soft and graceful; later they became bold and stirring. This lyric is one of the best-known patriotic lyrics of the Southern Song.

张元干，生于1091年，卒年说法不一，号芦川居士。北宋末年金兵攻打汴京时，他在抗金名臣李纲手下做事。南宋时他坚决主张抗金，看不惯秦桧向金国求和。他早年的词比较柔美，后来变得慷慨激昂。这首词是南宋爱国词的名篇。

The mood意境

The first half is about the country. In dreams the poet sees the lost north. Horns sound in the autumn wind, and millet grows over the old palaces. The sky-holding mountain has fallen, the Yellow River floods everywhere, and villages have become dens for foxes and hares. He asks heaven why, but heaven does not answer, so he keeps his grief inside. The second half is about his friend. On a late-summer night, the Milky Way slants across the sky, the stars are few and the moon is pale. His friend is being sent to a place even the wild geese cannot reach, where even letters will hardly get through. Yet the ending does not weep. Our hearts hold the fate of the whole land, not small personal quarrels, he says; come, raise a big cup and hear my song. There is pride inside the anger, and worry for the country inside the farewell.

上半首写国家：梦里都是北方的故土，秋风中号角声声，旧都的宫殿长满了庄稼。撑天的山倒了，黄河乱流，千村万落变成狐兔的窝。词人问老天为什么，老天不回答，他只能把悲痛埋在心里。下半首写朋友：夏末的夜晚，银河斜挂，星稀月淡，好友就要被送到连大雁都飞不到的地方，以后连信都难寄。可是结尾并不哭哭啼啼：我们心里装的是天下大事，不是个人的小恩小怨；来，举起大杯，听我唱一曲。悲愤里带着豪气，送别里带着对国家的担忧。