No. 100 · Song lyric · ci, long two-stanza lyric第 100 首 · 宋词 · 词·双调长调

hè贺xīn新láng郎·shèn甚yǐ矣wú吾shuāi衰yǐ矣

xīn辛qì弃jí疾Xin Qiji · Song宋

To the Tune He Xin Lang: How Old I Have Grown

shèn甚yǐ矣wú吾shuāi衰yǐ矣

chàng怅píng平shēng生jiāo交yóu游líng零luò落

zhǐ只jīn今yú余jǐ几

bái白fà发kōng空chuí垂sān三qiān千zhàng丈

yí一xiào笑rén人jiān间wàn万shì事

wèn问hé何wù物néng能lìng令gōng公xǐ喜

wǒ我jiàn见qīng青shān山duō多wǔ妩mèi媚

liào料qīng青shān山jiàn见wǒ我yīng应rú如shì是

qíng情yǔ与mào貌

lüè略xiāng相sì似

yì一zūn尊sāo搔shǒu首dōng东chuāng窗lǐ里

xiǎng想yuān渊míng明tíng停yún云shī诗jiù就

cǐ此shí时fēng风wèi味

jiāng江zuǒ左chén沉hān酣qiú求míng名zhě者

qǐ岂shí识zhuó浊láo醪miào妙lǐ理

huí回shǒu首jiào叫yún云fēi飞fēng风qǐ起

bú不hèn恨gǔ古rén人wú吾bú不jiàn见

hèn恨gǔ古rén人bú不jiàn见wú吾kuáng狂ěr耳

zhī知wǒ我zhě者

èr二sān三zǐ子

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus writes yú and chén with older character forms left over from conversion; standard texts use the simple forms. The lyric also has a short preface, not included here. It says, roughly: I had written lyrics for every garden pavilion in town; one day, sitting alone in my Tingyun Hall, the sound of water and the colour of the hills seemed to come to cheer me, so I wrote this, somewhat in the spirit of Tao Yuanming's poem "Tingyun", about missing friends.

语料的“馀”“沈”是繁体转换留下的旧字形，通行本作“余”“沉”。词前原有一段小序，大意是：家乡的园亭我都写过词了，一天独坐停云堂，水声山色好像都来逗我开心，于是写下这首词，有点像陶渊明《停云》诗思念亲友的意思。这里没有收录小序。

Line by line逐句翻译

甚矣吾衰矣How badly I have aged!我衰老得太厉害了！
怅平生交游零落Sadly, the friends of my whole life have scattered and gone,可惜这一生交往的朋友，一个个离散了，
只今余几and how many are left now?如今还剩几个？
白发空垂三千丈My white hair hangs three thousand zhang long, for nothing,白头发白白垂下三千丈，
一笑人间万事and I laugh off everything in the world.世上的万事，我都一笑了之。
问何物能令公喜If you ask what can still make me glad:要问还有什么能让我高兴？
我见青山多妩媚I see the green hills, so lovely,我看青山是那么美好可爱，
料青山见我应如是and I guess the green hills see me the same way.想来青山看我，也是一样。
情与貌Our feelings and our looks我们的心情和样子，
略相似are more or less alike.大致都差不多。
一尊搔首东窗里Cup in hand, I scratch my head by the east window,端着一杯酒，在东窗下挠着头，
想渊明停云诗就thinking of Tao Yuanming when he finished his poem "Tingyun":想起陶渊明写成《停云》诗的时候，
此时风味he must have felt as I do now.大概也是这样的心境。
江左沉酣求名者Those men of the Eastern Jin who got drunk to win fame,东晋那些借喝醉来求名的人，
岂识浊醪妙理what did they know of the wonder in cloudy wine?哪里懂得浊酒里的妙处。
回首叫云飞风起I turn my head and shout, and it is as if the wind rises and the clouds fly.我回过头大声呼喊，好像风起云飞，
不恨古人吾不见I do not regret that I cannot meet the people of old;我不遗憾见不到古人，
恨古人不见吾狂耳I only regret that they cannot see how wild I am.只遗憾古人见不到我的狂放罢了。
知我者Those who truly understand me真正懂我的，
二三子are just two or three.也就两三个人。

Words字词注释

甚矣吾衰矣shèn yǐ wú shuāi yǐ: shèn yǐ wú shuāi yǐ: how badly I have aged! This borrows a saying of Confucius in the Analects.甚矣吾衰矣：我衰老得太厉害了！这是借用孔子在《论语》里的话“甚矣吾衰也”。
怅chàng: chàng: to feel lost and sad.怅：惆怅，心里失落难过。
平生píng shēng: píng shēng: one's whole life.平生：这一辈子。
交游零落jiāo yóu líng luò: jiāo yóu líng luò: the friends one spent time with have scattered or died one by one. Líng luò means falling like leaves.交游零落：一起交往的朋友，一个个离散、去世了。零落，像花叶一样凋落。
只今余几zhǐ jīn yú jǐ: zhǐ jīn yú jǐ: how many are left now?只今余几：如今还剩下几个？
白发空垂三千丈bái fà kōng chuí sān qiān zhàng: bái fà kōng chuí sān qiān zhàng: white hair hanging uselessly three thousand zhang long. It borrows a line from Li Bai, a wild exaggeration of how much sorrow there is. Kōng means in vain: he has grown old with his work undone.白发空垂三千丈：白头发白白地垂下三千丈长。借用李白“白发三千丈”的诗句，夸张地说愁太多，人老了却一事无成。空，白白地。
一笑人间万事yí xiào rén jiān wàn shì: yī xiào rén jiān wàn shì: to laugh off everything in the world.一笑人间万事：对世上的一切事情，都一笑了之。
何物hé wù: hé wù: what thing.何物：什么东西。
能令公喜néng lìng gōng xǐ: néng lìng gōng xǐ: can make you, sir, happy. It comes from a saying in the old story book Shishuo Xinyu, where gōng meant the great general Huan Wen. Here the poet uses it for himself.能令公喜：能让您高兴。出自《世说新语》里的一句话，“公”原指东晋的大司马桓温，这里是词人称自己。
妩媚wǔ mèi: wǔ mèi: charming and lovely.妩媚：姿态美好可爱。
料liào: liào: to guess, to suppose.料：料想，猜想。
应如是yīng rú shì: yīng rú shì: probably is the same.应如是：应该也是这样。
情与貌qíng yǔ mào: qíng yǔ mào: feelings and looks.情与貌：心情和样子。
略lüè: lüè: roughly, more or less.略：大致，差不多。
一尊yì zūn: yī zūn: a cup of wine. Zūn is an old wine cup.一尊：一杯酒。尊，同“樽”，酒杯。
搔首sāo shǒu: sāo shǒu: scratching one's head, a sign of deep thought or unease.搔首：挠头。表示想心事、心里不安。
东窗dōng chuāng: dōng chuāng: the east window. Tao Yuanming's poem "Tingyun" mentions resting by an east window, and the poet echoes it while sitting by his own.东窗：陶渊明《停云》诗里有“静寄东轩”的句子，这里的东窗暗用这个意思，也是词人自己的书房窗下。
渊明yuān míng: Yuānmíng: Tao Yuanming, a great poet of the Eastern Jin who quit office to farm at home and loved wine.渊明：陶渊明，东晋大诗人，辞官回乡种田，爱喝酒。
停云tíng yún: Tíng yún: "Tingyun" (Lingering Clouds), Tao Yuanming's poem about missing friends. Xin Qiji named a hall of his home in Yanshan after it.停云：陶渊明的诗《停云》，写思念亲友。辛弃疾在铅山的住处也有一座停云堂，就是从这首诗取的名字。
就jiù: jiù: finished, completed.就：写成。
风味fēng wèi: fēng wèi: mood, the taste of the moment.风味：情趣，心境。
江左jiāng zuǒ: jiāng zuǒ: the land south of the lower Yangtze; here it means the Eastern Jin.江左：长江下游的南边，这里指东晋。
沉酣求名者chén hān qiú míng zhě: chén hān qiú míng zhě: people who got very drunk, but really only to make a name for themselves.沉酣求名者：表面上喝得大醉、其实想借此出名的人。
岂识qǐ shí: qǐ shí: how could they know.岂识：哪里懂得。
浊醪zhuó láo: zhuó láo: cloudy, unfiltered rice wine.浊醪：浊酒，没有过滤的米酒。
妙理miào lǐ: miào lǐ: the wonderful truth inside it. Du Fu wrote that cloudy wine holds a wonderful truth.妙理：其中美妙的道理。杜甫有诗句“浊醪有妙理”。
云飞风起yún fēi fēng qǐ: yún fēi fēng qǐ: clouds fly and the wind rises. It borrows from Liu Bang's "Song of the Great Wind", showing a stirring, wild mood.云飞风起：借用汉高祖刘邦《大风歌》“大风起兮云飞扬”的句子，形容心情激昂。
不恨古人吾不见bú hèn gǔ rén wú bú jiàn: bù hèn gǔ rén wú bù jiàn: I do not regret that I cannot meet the people of old. These two lines rework a saying of Zhang Rong of the Southern Dynasties.不恨古人吾不见：不遗憾我见不到古人。这两句化用南朝张融的话：“不恨我不见古人，所恨古人又不见我。”
狂kuáng: kuáng: wild and free, not like everyone else.狂：狂放，不受拘束，不跟别人一样。
耳ěr: ěr: that is all.耳：罢了。
二三子èr sān zǐ: èr sān zǐ: two or three people, just a few close friends. Confucius often called his students this.二三子：两三个人，指很少的几个知心朋友。孔子常这样称呼学生。

How to read it读音

甚shèn: Here this character means very, too much, so it is read shèn.“甚”在这里是“很、太”的意思，读 shèn。
应yīng: Here this character means probably, should, so it is read yīng, not yìng.“应”在这里是“应该、大概”的意思，读 yīng，不读 yìng。
醪láo: This character is read láo, rice wine with the lees still in it.“醪”读 láo，指连渣带汁的酒。

Background创作背景

Xin Qiji wanted all his life to win back the north, but he was removed from office again and again. In his later years he lived quietly at Piaoquan in Yanshan, Jiangxi, where he built a hall named Tingyun after Tao Yuanming's poem. His preface says that one day, sitting alone there and looking at the hills and streams, he thought of Tao's poem about missing friends and wrote this lyric. Sources differ on the exact year; it was written around 1200.

辛弃疾一生想收复北方，却多次被罢官。晚年他闲居在江西铅山的瓢泉，在那里修了一座停云堂，名字取自陶渊明的诗《停云》。词前小序说，他一天独坐停云堂，看着山水，想起陶渊明思念亲友的诗，写下这首词。具体写于哪一年，说法不一，大约在1200年前后。

The poet作者

Xin Qiji (1140–1207), also called Jiaxuan, was a great Southern Song lyric poet. As a young man he rose against the Jin in the north, then came south. He longed to lead an army to win back the lost lands, but was often pushed aside and spent almost twenty years out of office. He loved Tao Yuanming, and many of his late lyrics mention him. His lyrics are bold, and often lonely and bitter like this one.

辛弃疾（1140—1207），号稼轩，南宋大词人。他年轻时在北方起义抗金，后来回到南宋，一心想带兵收复失地，却常常被排挤，前后闲居了将近二十年。他很喜欢陶渊明，晚年的许多词都提到陶渊明。他的词豪放，也常有这种孤独和不平。

The mood意境

The lyric begins with a sigh: I am old, and few of my old friends are left. But he does not stay sad. At once he says he laughs off everything in the world. Then what can still make him glad? The green hills. I see the hills as lovely, and the hills probably see me the same way. We are like two old friends who understand each other. These are the lyric's most famous lines. They make the hills seem like a person, a little lonely and a little proud. In the second half, wine in hand, he thinks of Tao Yuanming, who alone knew the true joy of wine, unlike those who drank to become famous. At the end he shouts: I do not mind that I cannot meet the ancients; I mind that they cannot see how wild I am! Only two or three people understand me. It sounds bold and lonely at the same time.

这首词开头就叹气：我老了，老朋友也没剩几个了。可他不只是伤心，马上又说，世上的事都一笑了之。那还有什么能让人高兴？他说：青山。我看青山很美，青山看我大概也一样，我们俩情意相投，像一对老朋友。这是全词最有名的两句，把山写得像人一样，有点孤独，也有点骄傲。下阕他端着酒想起陶渊明，觉得只有陶渊明懂喝酒的真意思，那些借酒出名的人不懂。最后他大声说：我不遗憾见不到古人，只遗憾古人见不到我有多狂！懂我的，只有两三个人。读起来又豪迈又寂寞。