Song lyric · ci to the tune Han Gong Chun, 96 characters in two stanzas宋词 · 词，词牌《汉宫春》，双调九十六字

hàn汉gōng宫chūn春·lì立chūn春rì日

xīn辛qì弃jí疾Xin Qiji · Song宋

Han Gong Chun: On the Day Spring Begins

chūn春yǐ已guī归lái来

kàn看měi美rén人tóu头shàng上

niǎo袅niǎo袅chūn春fān幡

wú无duān端fēng风yǔ雨

wèi未kěn肯shōu收jìn尽yú余hán寒

nián年shí时yàn燕zǐ子

liào料jīn今xiāo宵mèng梦dào到xī西yuán园

hún浑wèi未bàn办huáng黄gān柑jiàn荐jiǔ酒

gèng更chuán传qīng青jiǔ韭duī堆pán盘

què却xiào笑dōng东fēng风cóng从cǐ此

biàn便xūn薰méi梅rǎn染liǔ柳

gèng更méi没xiē些xián闲

xián闲shí时yòu又lái来jìng镜lǐ里

zhuǎn转biàn变zhū朱yán颜

qīng清chóu愁bú不duàn断

wèn问hé何rén人huì会jiě解lián连huán环

shēng生pà怕jiàn见huā花kāi开huā花luò落

zhāo朝lái来sài塞yàn雁xiān先huán还

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus writes yú (left over) with an older form of the character. This page uses the modern one.

语料库本“余寒”作“馀寒”，“馀”是“余”的旧写法，这里按现在的写法。

Line by line逐句翻译

春已归来Spring has come back:春天已经回来了，
看美人头上look at the ladies' hair,你看美人的头上，
袅袅春幡where spring banners sway gently.戴着轻轻摆动的春幡。
无端风雨Yet wind and rain come for no reason,可是风雨无缘无故地来，
未肯收尽余寒unwilling to sweep away the last of the cold.还不肯把冬天剩下的寒气收干净。
年时燕子Last year's swallows,去年的燕子，
料今宵梦到西园I think, will fly back to the west garden in their dreams tonight.我想今晚会在梦里飞回西园吧。
浑未办黄柑荐酒I have not got the orange wine ready at all,我全没准备好黄柑酒，
更传青韭堆盘still less passed round plates piled with green chives.更不用说传送堆满青韭的春盘了。
却笑东风从此Yet I laugh at the east wind: from now on,我却笑东风，从今天起，
便薰梅染柳it will be busy perfuming plum blossoms and dyeing willows,就要忙着熏香梅花、染绿柳条，
更没些闲with not a moment to rest.再也没有一点空闲了。
闲时又来镜里And when it is idle, it slips into the mirror偶尔闲下来，它又跑到镜子里，
转变朱颜and quietly turns young faces old.把人年轻的容颜悄悄变老。
清愁不断My quiet sorrow never ends;淡淡的忧愁总也断不了，
问何人会解连环who, I ask, can undo these linked rings?问一问，有谁能解开这心中的连环？
生怕见花开花落Most of all I dread seeing flowers bloom and fall,最怕看见花开了又落，
朝来塞雁先还and at dawn the frontier geese flying home ahead of me.清早起来，北方的大雁已经比我先飞回去了。

Words字词注释

袅袅niǎo niǎo: niǎo niǎo: gently swaying.袅袅：轻轻摆动的样子。
春幡chūn fān: chūn fān: spring banners. On the day spring began, people cut little flags or swallows from coloured silk or paper and wore them in their hair to welcome spring.春幡：立春这天，人们用彩色的绸子或纸剪成小旗子、小燕子，戴在头上，迎接春天。
无端wú duān: wú duān: for no reason at all.无端：没来由地，无缘无故地。
余寒yú hán: yú hán: the cold left over from winter.余寒：冬天剩下的寒气。
年时nián shí: nián shí: last year, in years past.年时：去年，往年。
西园xī yuán: xī yuán: the west garden, a garden in general. Some say it means the poet's old home in the north.西园：泛指园林。一说指作者北方的家乡。
浑未办hún wèi bàn: hún wèi bàn: not prepared at all. Hún means entirely.浑未办：完全没有准备。浑，全、都。
黄柑荐酒huáng gān jiàn jiǔ: huáng gān jiàn jiǔ: wine made from yellow oranges, or oranges served with wine, a custom on the first day of spring. Jiàn means to offer, to go with.黄柑荐酒：用黄柑酿的酒，或用黄柑来下酒，是立春时的习俗。荐，进献、配着。
青韭堆盘qīng jiǔ duī pán: qīng jiǔ duī pán: on the first day of spring people ate a "spring plate" piled with fresh greens such as chives, and gave them to one another.青韭堆盘：立春吃“春盘”，盘里堆着韭菜等新鲜蔬菜，互相赠送。
薰梅染柳xūn méi rǎn liǔ: xūn méi rǎn liǔ: the east wind makes the plum blossoms fragrant and dyes the willows green. Xūn means to perfume.薰梅染柳：东风吹得梅花飘香，把柳树染绿。薰，熏香。
更没些闲gèng méi xiē xián: gèng méi xiē xián: not a moment of rest any more.更没些闲：再也没有一点空闲。
朱颜zhū yán: zhū yán: rosy cheeks, a young face.朱颜：红润的脸，指年轻的容貌。
清愁qīng chóu: qīng chóu: a quiet sorrow that will not go away.清愁：淡淡的、却去不掉的忧愁。
解连环jiě lián huán: jiě lián huán: to undo the linked jade rings. In the Warring States period the King of Qin sent the state of Qi a ring puzzle no one could undo; the Queen of Qi smashed it with a hammer and said it was solved. Here it means untangling the knot of sorrow.解连环：解开玉连环。战国时秦王送给齐国一个解不开的玉连环，齐王后用锤子把它敲断，说“解开了”。这里比喻解开心中缠绕的愁。
生怕shēng pà: shēng pà: dreading, fearing most of all.生怕：很怕，最怕。
塞雁先还sài yàn xiān huán: sài yàn xiān huán: the wild geese that wintered in the south fly back north before people can.塞雁先还：从南方过冬的大雁，春天比人先飞回北方。

How to read it读音

尽jìn: In shōu jìn this character is read jìn, meaning completely.“收尽”的“尽”读 jìn，意思是完全。
朝zhāo: In zhāo lái this character is read zhāo, meaning morning.“朝来”的“朝”读 zhāo，意思是早晨。
塞sài: In sài yàn this character is read sài, meaning the frontier.“塞雁”的“塞”读 sài，指边塞。
还huán: Here this character is read huán, meaning to return. It rhymes with fān, hán, pán, yán and huán.“还”在这里读 huán，意思是回去，和“幡、寒、盘、颜、环”押韵。

Background创作背景

The Beginning of Spring is the first of the twenty-four solar terms. In the Song, people wore spring banners in their hair on this day, drank orange wine, and ate spring plates of chives. Xin Qiji was born in the north, under the rule of the Jin, and came south to the Song in his twenties. The poem is usually thought to be from after he came south. Through the spring customs he writes of missing his northern home, and of his hope to win back the north, which never seemed to come true. Its exact year is debated.

立春是二十四节气的第一个，表示春天开始。宋代立春这天，人们头戴春幡，喝黄柑酒，吃韭菜春盘。辛弃疾出生在被金国占领的北方，二十多岁时投奔南宋。一般认为这首词是他南归以后写的，借立春的风俗，写自己思念北方故乡、恢复中原的愿望迟迟不能实现。具体年份说法不一。

The poet作者

Xin Qiji (1140–1207) was a great ci poet of the Southern Song. As a young man he led troops against the Jin in the north. After coming south he longed to win back the lost lands but was never given the chance. His ci often hide big questions of country and home inside small everyday things. This one starts with spring banners in the hair and spring dishes on the table, but it is really about longing for his homeland.

辛弃疾（1140—1207），号稼轩，南宋大词人。他年轻时曾在北方带兵抗金，南归后一心想收复失地，却一直得不到重用。他的词常常把家国大事藏在日常小事里，这首词就从头上的春幡、桌上的春盘写起，写的却是对故土的怀念。

The mood意境

The opening is lively: spring is back, and spring banners sway in the ladies' hair. Then it turns at once: the wind and rain keep on and the cold lingers. Spring has come but the cold has not gone, just like the trouble in the poet's heart. The swallows can at least go back to the west garden in their dreams, but he cannot; he has no heart to prepare the spring dishes or the orange wine. The second stanza is playful. The east wind is busy perfuming plums and dyeing willows, and when it has a spare moment it sneaks into the mirror and makes faces old. Time becomes a mischievous east wind. At the end he says what he dreads most is flowers blooming and falling, and the geese flying north at dawn ahead of him. The geese can go home, but he cannot; that is the ring puzzle he cannot undo.

开头很热闹：春天回来了，美人头上的春幡轻轻飘动。可马上一转：风雨不停，寒气还在。春天来了，冷却没走，就像作者心里的事一样。燕子还能在梦里回到西园，人却回不去；春盘、黄柑酒也没心思准备。下片写得很有趣：东风忙着熏梅染柳，闲下来又钻进镜子里，把人的脸变老。把时间写成了一个会捣乱的东风。最后说最怕看到花开花落，最怕早上看见北方的大雁已经先飞回去了。大雁能回去，人却不能，这就是作者解不开的连环。