Tang poem · seven-character regulated verse唐诗 · 七言律诗

fèng奉hè和shèng圣zhì制cóng从péng蓬lái莱xiàng向xīng兴qìng庆gé阁dào道zhōng中liú留chūn春yǔ雨zhōng中chūn春wàng望zhī之zuò作yìng应zhì制

wáng王wéi维Wang Wei · Tang唐

Matching the Emperor's Poem on Gazing at Spring in the Rain on the Covered Way from Penglai to Xingqing, Written on Command

wèi渭shuǐ水zì自yíng萦qín秦sài塞qū曲

huáng黄shān山jiù旧rào绕hàn汉gōng宫xié斜

luán銮yú舆jiǒng迥chū出qiān千mén门liǔ柳

gé阁dào道huí回kàn看shàng上yuàn苑huā花

yún云lǐ里dì帝chéng城shuāng双fèng凤què阙

yǔ雨zhōng中chūn春shù树wàn万rén人jiā家

wèi为chéng乘yáng阳qì气xíng行shí时lìng令

bú不shì是chén宸yóu游wán玩wù物huá华

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The source text writes the characters for rào and huí in older variant forms. Common editions use the standard forms. The meaning is the same.

语料里写作“黄山旧遶汉宫斜”“阁道廻看上苑花”。“遶”是“绕”的异体字，“廻”是“回”的异体字，通行本写作“绕”“回”，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

渭水自萦秦塞曲The Wei River winds on its own around the passes of the land of Qin.渭水自己弯弯曲曲地绕着秦地的关塞流过，
黄山旧绕汉宫斜Huangshan has long stretched at a slant around the palaces of Han.黄山一向斜斜地环绕着汉家的宫殿。
銮舆迥出千门柳The emperor's carriage comes out far past the willows by the thousand gates.皇帝的车驾远远驶出宫门，穿过千门旁的柳树，
阁道回看上苑花On the covered walkway he turns and sees the flowers of the imperial park.在阁道上回头，还能看见御园里的花。
云里帝城双凤阙In the clouds, the capital lifts its pair of phoenix towers.云雾里，长安城耸立着一对凤阙，
雨中春树万人家In the spring rain, green trees shade ten thousand homes.春雨中，绿树掩映着千家万户。
为乘阳气行时令The emperor goes out to follow spring's rising warmth and do the season's work,皇帝出行是为了顺应春天的阳气，颁行时令，
不是宸游玩物华not to wander about and enjoy the pretty views.并不是为了游玩、欣赏美景。

Words字词注释

渭水wèi shuǐ: wèi shuǐ: the Wei River, a big river flowing north of Chang'an.渭水：渭河，流过长安北边的一条大河。
萦yíng: yíng: to wind around.萦：围绕、弯弯绕绕。
秦塞qín sài: qín sài: the passes of the old land of Qin, meaning the Guanzhong area around Chang'an, guarded by mountains and rivers.秦塞：秦地的关塞，指长安所在的关中地区，四面有山河作屏障。
曲qū: qū: bending, curving.曲：弯曲。
黄山huáng shān: huáng shān: not the famous Huangshan in Anhui, but a hill west of Chang'an, where the Han dynasty built the Huangshan Palace.黄山：这里不是安徽的黄山，而是长安西边的一座山，汉代在山下建过黄山宫。
旧jiù: jiù: since long ago.旧：从前、一向。
汉宫hàn gōng: hàn gōng: palaces of the Han dynasty, here standing for the Tang palaces.汉宫：汉代留下的宫殿，这里借指唐朝的宫殿。
斜xié: xié: stretching at a slant.斜：斜斜地延伸。
銮舆luán yú: luán yú: the emperor's carriage. Luán is the bell hung on it.銮舆：皇帝坐的车。銮是车上挂的铃铛。
迥出jiǒng chū: jiǒng chū: coming out far away.迥出：远远地出来。
千门qiān mén: qiān mén: a thousand gates, a way of saying the palace had gate after gate.千门：宫中门很多，用千门形容宫殿重重叠叠。
阁道gé dào: gé dào: a covered, raised walkway between two palaces, so the emperor could pass without being seen.阁道：在两座宫殿之间架起来的有顶的通道，皇帝走在上面，外人看不见。
回看huí kàn: huí kàn: to turn and look back.回看：回头看。
上苑shàng yuàn: shàng yuàn: the imperial park.上苑：皇家的园林。
帝城dì chéng: dì chéng: the emperor's city, Chang'an.帝城：皇帝住的城，就是长安。
凤阙fèng què: fèng què: tall towers before the palace gate, topped with bronze phoenixes.凤阙：宫门前高高的楼台，上面装饰着铜凤凰。
为wèi: wèi: in order to.为：为了。
乘阳气chéng yáng qì: chéng yáng qì: following the rising warm energy of spring. People of old believed spring brings rising yang, which makes things grow.乘阳气：顺着春天生发的阳气。古人认为春天阳气上升，万物生长。
行时令xíng shí lìng: xíng shí lìng: to carry out the duties of the season, such as urging farmers to plant in spring.行时令：按照季节颁布政令，比如春天劝人种地。
宸游chén yóu: chén yóu: the emperor's outing. Chén first meant the emperor's home, then the emperor himself.宸游：皇帝出游。宸本来指皇帝住的地方，后来代指皇帝。
物华wù huá: wù huá: beautiful sights of nature.物华：美好的景物。

How to read it读音

斜xié: Read xié today. The old reading xiá rhymes with huā, jiā and huá.现在读 xié。古音读 xiá，和“花、家、华”押韵。

Background创作背景

Emperor Xuanzong often went from the Daming Palace, also called Penglai Palace, to the Xingqing Palace along a covered walkway. Once, on the way, spring rain began. He stopped to gaze at the spring view and wrote a poem. His officials were told to write matching poems. A poem written on the emperor's command is called yingzhi. This is Wang Wei's matching poem. The first six lines show Chang'an seen from up high: the river, the hills, the palaces, the homes in the spring rain. The last two lines praise the emperor, as such poems always did, saying he went out for the people's sake. The exact year is not known.

唐玄宗常从大明宫（又叫蓬莱宫）沿着阁道去兴庆宫。有一次在路上遇到春雨，他停下来眺望春景，写了一首诗。大臣们奉命写诗相和，这叫“应制”。王维的这首就是和诗。前六句写从高处看到的长安：河流、山、宫殿、春雨中的人家。最后两句照例称颂皇帝，说他出行是为了百姓。写作的具体年份不详。

The poet作者

Wang Wei (701–761; some say born 699), also called Mojie, was a great Tang poet and a painter too. People call him the Buddha of Poetry. Su Shi said there were paintings inside his poems. He served at court for many years and often had to write poems on command. Most such poems are polite praise, but Wang Wei's are full of pictures, and this one is counted among the best of its kind.

王维（701—761，生年一说699），字摩诘，唐代大诗人，也是画家，人称“诗佛”。苏轼说他“诗中有画”。他在朝中做官多年，常常要写应制诗。这类诗大多是客套的颂歌，但王维写得有画面感，被认为是应制诗里的佳作。

The mood意境

This poem is like a big painting of Chang'an seen from above. First the far view: the Wei River curls around the city, Huangshan lies at a slant, and hills and water hold the capital in the middle. Then the near view: the emperor's carriage passes the willows, and when he looks back the park is full of flowers. The best part is the third couplet. Above, the palace towers stand high in the clouds. Below, green trees and ten thousand homes sit quiet and lively in the rain. One high, one low; one the palace, one the people; and the spring rain joins them together. The last two lines say the emperor came out not to play but to follow the season and care for farming. That was the rule for poems written on command, so it is enough to know it is there.

这首诗像一幅从高处俯看的长安大画。先画远处：渭水绕城，黄山斜卧，山河把京城围在中间。再画近处：皇帝的车驾穿过柳树，回头是满园的花。最精彩的是“云里帝城双凤阙，雨中春树万人家”：上面是云里的宫殿，高高在上；下面是雨中的绿树和千家万户，安静又热闹。一高一低，一边是皇宫，一边是百姓，春雨把它们连成一片。最后两句说皇帝出来不是为了玩，而是为了顺应春天、关心农事，这是应制诗的规矩，读的时候知道就好。