Song lyric · ci lyric in two stanzas, 92 characters宋词 · 词·双调，92字

fǎ法qǔ曲xiàn献xiān仙yīn音·jù聚jǐng景tíng亭méi梅cì次cǎo草chuāng窗yùn韵

wáng王yí沂sūn孙Wang Yisun · Song宋

Fa Qu Xian Xian Yin: The Plum Trees at Jujing Pavilion, Using Caochuang's Rhymes

céng层lǜ绿é峨é峨

xiān纤qióng琼jiǎo皎jiǎo皎

dào倒yā压bō波hén痕qīng清qiǎn浅

guò过yǎn眼nián年huá华

dòng动rén人yōu幽yì意

xiāng相féng逢jǐ几fān番chūn春huàn换

jì记huàn唤jiǔ酒xún寻fāng芳chù处

yíng盈yíng盈tuì褪zhuāng妆wǎn晚

yǐ已xiāo销àn黯

kuàng况qī凄liáng凉jìn近lái来lí离sī思

yīng应wàng忘què却míng明yuè月yè夜shēn深guī归niǎn辇

rěn荏rǎn苒yì一zhī枝chūn春

hèn恨dōng东fēng风rén人sì似tiān天yuǎn远

zòng纵yǒu有cán残huā花

sǎ洒zhēng征yī衣qiān铅lèi泪dōu都mǎn满

dàn但yīn殷qín勤zhé折qǔ取

zì自qiǎn遣yì一jīn襟yōu幽yuàn怨

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus gives only the tune name; the common text adds the subtitle about the plum trees at Jujing Pavilion. In "yǐ xiāo àn", some editions use a different character for xiāo with the same sound and meaning.

题目通行本作《法曲献仙音·聚景亭梅次草窗韵》，语料库只有词牌名。“已销黯”有的本子作“已消黯”，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

层绿峨峨Green on green, the plum trees rise up tall.梅树枝干苍绿，一层层高高耸立，
纤琼皎皎Their small blossoms are white and bright as fine jade.细小的梅花像美玉一样洁白明亮，
倒压波痕清浅Their branches bend low, their shadows lying on the clear, shallow ripples.花枝低垂，倒影压在清清浅浅的水波上。
过眼年华The years flash past before my eyes.时光一晃而过，
动人幽意Yet the plum's quiet charm still moves my heart.梅花那深深的情意依然打动人心，
相逢几番春换Since we first met, spring has come and gone many times.我们相逢以来，春天已经换了好几回。
记唤酒寻芳处I remember the place where we called for wine and looked for flowers.还记得当年叫酒赏花的地方，
盈盈褪妆晚At dusk the lovely blossoms dropped, like a lady taking off her makeup.傍晚时分，美丽的梅花像卸妆一样纷纷飘落。
已销黯Just thinking of it makes me sad.想到这些，已经让人黯然伤心。
况凄凉近来离思And now, on top of that, I am full of the cold sorrow of parting.何况近来又满怀凄凉的离愁，
应忘却明月夜深归辇The plums must have forgotten the nights when the emperor's carriage went home under the bright moon.梅花大概也忘了，明月深夜里皇帝乘车归去的情景了吧。
荏苒一枝春Time slips away. Here is a branch of plum,时光悄悄流逝，眼前这一枝梅花，
恨东风人似天远and I blame the east wind, for the one I miss is as far away as the sky.只恨东风无情，想念的人像天那样遥远。
纵有残花Even if a few faded flowers remain,即使还剩下几朵残花，
洒征衣铅泪都满they only fall on my traveling clothes, like heavy tears.也只能洒满我远行的衣裳，就像沉重的泪水。
但殷勤折取So I gently break off a branch,我只好殷勤地折下一枝，
自遣一襟幽怨to ease the quiet sorrow that fills my heart.用它来排解满怀的愁怨。

Words字词注释

层绿céng lǜ: céng lǜ: layer on layer of green, the moss and green on the old plum branches. Another reading says it means green-calyx plum, a plum whose flower base is green.层绿：一层层的绿色，指梅树枝干上的青苔和绿意，一说指绿萼梅（花托是绿色的梅花）。
峨峨é é: é é: tall and high.峨峨：高高的样子。
纤琼xiān qióng: xiān qióng: small, fine jade; here it stands for the white plum blossoms.纤琼：细小的美玉，比喻洁白的梅花。
皎皎jiǎo jiǎo: jiǎo jiǎo: pure white and bright.皎皎：洁白明亮。
倒压波痕dào yā bō hén: dào yā bō hén: the plum branches hang low over the water, and their reflection lies on the ripples.倒压波痕：梅枝低低地垂在水面上，倒影映在水波里。
清浅qīng qiǎn: qīng qiǎn: clear and shallow water. It recalls Lin Bu's famous plum line about sparse shadows slanting over clear, shallow water.清浅：水又清又浅。让人想起林逋写梅花的名句“疏影横斜水清浅”。
过眼年华guò yǎn nián huá: guò yǎn nián huá: the years flash past before your eyes.过眼年华：时光像从眼前一晃而过。
幽意yōu yì: yōu yì: a quiet feeling hidden deep in the heart.幽意：深藏在心里、说不出的情意。
几番春换jǐ fān chūn huàn: jǐ fān chūn huàn: spring has changed several times, that is, several years have passed.几番春换：春天换了好几回，就是过了好几年。
唤酒寻芳huàn jiǔ xún fāng: huàn jiǔ xún fāng: calling for wine and going to look for flowers. Here it means coming to enjoy the plum blossoms with friends in the past.唤酒寻芳：叫人拿酒来，四处寻找花开的地方。这里指当年和朋友来赏梅。
盈盈yíng yíng: yíng yíng: graceful and lovely.盈盈：姿态美好的样子。
褪妆tuì zhuāng: tuì zhuāng: taking off makeup. The plum is pictured as a lady; falling petals are like her makeup coming off.褪妆：卸掉妆容。把梅花比作女子，花瓣飘落就像女子卸了妆。
销黯xiāo àn: xiāo àn: so sad that you feel your spirit has melted away.销黯：黯然销魂，伤心得像丢了魂一样。
况kuàng: kuàng: what is more, even more so.况：何况、更何况。
离思lí sī: lí sī: the sad thoughts of being apart.离思：离别的愁思。
归辇guī niǎn: guī niǎn: niǎn is the emperor's carriage. This is the emperor riding back to the palace late at night after viewing the plums. Jujing Garden was a royal garden of the Southern Song, often visited by emperors.归辇：辇是皇帝坐的车。归辇指皇帝赏梅后深夜坐车回宫。聚景园是南宋皇家园林，皇帝常来这里游玩。
荏苒rěn rǎn: rěn rǎn: time slipping away little by little.荏苒：时间一点一点地过去。
一枝春yì zhī chūn: yī zhī chūn: a sprig of spring, meaning a branch of plum blossom. An old poem tells of sending a plum branch to a far-away friend as a gift of spring.一枝春：一枝梅花。古人有“聊赠一枝春”的诗句，折梅寄给远方的朋友。
人似天远rén sì tiān yuǎn: rén sì tiān yuǎn: the person you miss seems as far away as the sky.人似天远：想念的人像天一样遥远。
纵zòng: zòng: even if.纵：即使。
征衣zhēng yī: zhēng yī: the clothes of someone on a long journey.征衣：远行人的衣服。
铅泪qiān lèi: qiān lèi: tears as heavy as melted lead. Another reading says tears mixed with face powder.铅泪：像铅水一样沉重的眼泪，一说是和着脸上脂粉流下的泪。
殷勤yīn qín: yīn qín: with deep care and warm feeling.殷勤：情意深厚、细心周到。
自遣zì qiǎn: zì qiǎn: to ease one's own feelings.自遣：自己排解、打发。
一襟幽怨yì jīn yōu yuàn: yī jīn yōu yuàn: a heart full of quiet sorrow. Jīn is the front of a robe, standing for the heart.一襟幽怨：满怀说不出的愁怨。襟，衣服前胸部分，代指胸怀。

How to read it读音

思sī: In lí sī (thoughts of parting) this character is a noun. Today it is read sī; in old times this use was often read sì.离思的“思”是名词，指心思、思绪，现在读 sī。古时这种用法常读去声 sì。

Background创作背景

Jujing Pavilion stood in Jujing Garden in Lin'an, today's Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song. It was a royal garden full of plum trees, and emperors often came to see them. Caochuang was the pen name of the poet Zhou Mi. Zhou Mi wrote a plum lyric to this tune, and Wang Yisun answered with one that uses the same rhyme words. This is called ci yun, following someone's rhymes. The poem is usually thought to date from around the fall of the Southern Song, when the garden had become lonely. The poet uses the plum to miss the old days. The exact year is not known.

聚景亭在南宋都城临安（今浙江杭州）的聚景园里，这是皇家园林，园中种了很多梅花，皇帝常来游赏。草窗是词人周密的号。周密写了一首同词牌的梅花词，王沂孙用他的韵脚也写了一首，这叫“次韵”。一般认为这首词写在南宋走向灭亡前后，园子已经冷落，词人借梅花怀念旧日时光。具体年份不详。

The poet作者

Wang Yisun, also called Bishan, came from Kuaiji, today's Shaoxing in Zhejiang. His birth and death years are not known. He was a poet of the last years of the Southern Song. He was close friends with Zhou Mi and Zhang Yan, and they often wrote lyrics to answer each other. He was best at poems about one object, such as the plum, the cicada or the moon, with the grief of a lost country hidden inside. This poem is one of them.

王沂孙，字圣与，号碧山，会稽（今浙江绍兴）人，生卒年不详，是南宋末年的词人。他和周密、张炎是好朋友，常一起写词唱和。他最擅长咏物词，就是写一样东西，比如梅花、蝉、月亮，把亡国的哀伤藏在里面。这首词就是这样。

The mood意境

The first stanza paints the plum itself. The green trunks rise tall, the blossoms are like white jade, and their shadows lie in the clear, shallow water. It is a quiet kind of beauty. But then the poet thinks of time: the years flash by, spring has changed many times. Long ago he drank wine and enjoyed the flowers here. The plum is still here, but life has changed. The second stanza grows heavier. He says the plum must have forgotten the emperor's carriage going home under the moon. He seems to talk about the plum, but he means people: those lively royal nights are gone for good. The east wind blows the last flowers onto his coat like tears. In the end he can only break off a branch to comfort himself. The poem never says outright that the country has changed, yet the loneliness and longing are hidden in every flower.

上片写梅花本身：枝干苍绿高耸，花朵像白玉，花影倒映在清浅的水里，美得安安静静。可是“过眼年华”“几番春换”，词人一下子想到时间。当年在这里叫酒赏花，如今梅花还在，人却变了。下片情绪越来越重。“应忘却、明月夜深归辇”，说的是梅花，其实是在说人：皇帝深夜赏梅归去的热闹，再也没有了。东风吹落残花，花瓣落在衣上像眼泪。最后只能折一枝梅，自己安慰自己。整首词没有一句直说国家的变化，可是那份冷落和怀念，藏在每一朵花里。