No. 35 · Song lyric · ci lyric in two stanzas第 35 首 · 宋词 · 词·双调

dìng定fēng风bō波·zì自chūn春lái来

liǔ柳yǒng永Liu Yong · Song宋

Ding Feng Bo: Since Spring Came

zì自chūn春lái来

cǎn惨lǜ绿chóu愁hóng红

fāng芳xīn心shì是shì事kě可kě可

rì日shàng上huā花shāo梢

yīng莺chuān穿liǔ柳dài带

yóu犹yā压xiāng香qīn衾wò卧

nuǎn暖sū酥xiāo消

nì腻yún云duǒ亸

zhōng终rì日yān厌yān厌juàn倦shū梳guǒ裹

wú无nuó那

hèn恨bó薄qíng情yí一qù去

yīn音shū书wú无gè个

zǎo早zhī知nèn恁me么

huǐ悔dāng当chū初

bù不bǎ把diāo雕ān鞍suǒ锁

xiàng向jī鸡chuāng窗

zhǐ只yǔ与mán蛮jiān笺xiàng象guǎn管

jū拘shù束jiào教yín吟kè课

zhèn镇xiāng相suí随

mò莫pāo抛duǒ躲

zhēn针xiàn线xián闲niān拈bàn伴yī伊zuò坐

hé和wǒ我

miǎn免shǐ使nián年shào少

guāng光yīn阴xū虚guò过

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

自春来Ever since spring came,自从春天来了，
惨绿愁红the green leaves and red flowers all look sad to me,绿叶红花在我眼里都带着愁，
芳心是事可可and my heart cares about nothing.我的心对什么事都提不起兴趣。
日上花梢The sun has climbed above the flowering branches,太阳已经升到花枝上头，
莺穿柳带orioles weave through the willow strands,黄莺在柳条间穿来穿去，
犹压香衾卧and I still lie in bed under my sweet quilt.我还压着香被躺在床上。
暖酥消My soft skin has grown thin,白嫩的皮肤消瘦了，
腻云亸my cloud of black hair hangs in a mess,乌云般的头发乱乱地垂着，
终日厌厌倦梳裹and all day I am too listless to comb my hair or dress.一整天懒洋洋的，不想梳头打扮。
无那There is nothing I can do.真是没办法。
恨薄情一去I hate that the heartless man, once gone,只恨那个没良心的人一走，
音书无个has not sent a single letter.连一封信也没有。
早知恁么Had I known it would be like this,早知道会这样，
悔当初I regret that back then我后悔当初
不把雕鞍锁I did not lock away his saddle.没有把他的马鞍锁起来。
向鸡窗I would keep him in the study,我要在书房里，
只与蛮笺象管with only fine paper and an ivory brush,只给他漂亮的纸和象牙笔，
拘束教吟课and hold him to his reading and his poems.管住他，让他读书作诗。
镇相随I would stay by him all day,我整天跟着他，
莫抛躲and never let him leave or slip away.不让他离开我躲开我。
针线闲拈伴伊坐I would pick up my needlework and sit beside him.我随手拿起针线，陪着他坐。
和我Together with me,和我在一起，
免使年少so that, young as we are,免得我们年纪轻轻，
光阴虚过we would not waste these days.白白浪费了好时光。

Words字词注释

惨绿愁红cǎn lǜ chóu hóng: cǎn lǜ chóu hóng: the green leaves and red flowers all look sad to her. Really it is her own heart that is sad.惨绿愁红：绿叶和红花在她眼里都显得愁惨。其实是她自己心里难过。
芳心fāng xīn: fāng xīn: a young woman's heart.芳心：女子的心。
是事可可shì shì kě kě: shì shì kě kě: nothing matters to her any more. Shì shì means every matter; kě kě means not caring.是事可可：什么事都不放在心上，提不起兴趣。是事，事事；可可，无所谓。
花梢huā shāo: huā shāo: the tips of flowering branches. The sun above them means it is already late in the morning.花梢：花枝的尖上。日上花梢，就是太阳已经很高了。
莺穿柳带yīng chuān liǔ dài: yīng chuān liǔ dài: orioles fly in and out of the willow strands that hang like ribbons.莺穿柳带：黄莺在像带子一样的柳条间飞来飞去。
香衾xiāng qīn: xiāng qīn: a sweet-smelling quilt. Qīn means quilt.香衾：香香的被子。衾，被子。
暖酥消nuǎn sū xiāo: nuǎn sū xiāo: her soft, fair skin has grown thin. Sū describes skin as soft and white as butter.暖酥消：原本白嫩的皮肤消瘦了。酥，形容皮肤又白又软。
腻云亸nì yún duǒ: nì yún duǒ: her cloud-like black hair hangs down in a mess.腻云亸：像乌云一样的头发乱蓬蓬地垂下来。
厌厌yān yān: yān yān: listless, with no energy.厌厌：没精神，懒洋洋。
梳裹shū guǒ: shū guǒ: combing her hair and dressing up.梳裹：梳头打扮。
无那wú nuó: wú nuó: helpless, there is nothing to be done.无那：无奈，没办法。
薄情bó qíng: bó qíng: a heartless person, here the lover who left her.薄情：没良心的人，这里指离开她的情人。
音书无个yīn shū wú gè: yīn shū wú gè: not even one letter.音书无个：连一封信都没有。
恁么nèn me: nèn me: like this.恁么：这样。
雕鞍diāo ān: diāo ān: a carved saddle, standing for his horse. If the saddle were locked away, he could not ride off.雕鞍：刻着花纹的马鞍，这里代指他骑的马。把马鞍锁起来，他就走不了了。
鸡窗jī chuāng: jī chuāng: a study. An old story tells of a man who kept a talking rooster by his window while he studied, so rooster window came to mean a study.鸡窗：书房。古代传说有人在窗边养了一只会说话的鸡，陪他读书，后来就用“鸡窗”指读书的地方。
蛮笺mán jiān: mán jiān: a fine kind of paper made in Sichuan.蛮笺：四川出产的一种漂亮的纸。
象管xiàng guǎn: xiàng guǎn: a writing brush with an ivory handle.象管：用象牙做笔杆的毛笔。
拘束jū shù: jū shù: to keep him in, so he does not wander off.拘束：管住他，不让他乱跑。
吟课yín kè: yín kè: lessons of reading and writing poems.吟课：读书写诗的功课。
镇zhèn: zhèn: all day long, always.镇：整天，一直。
抛躲pāo duǒ: pāo duǒ: to leave her and keep away from her.抛躲：抛下她，躲开她。
闲拈xián niān: xián niān: to pick up idly. Niān means to hold between the fingers.闲拈：随手拿起来。拈，用手指捏着。
伊yī: yī: him.伊：他。
免使miǎn shǐ: miǎn shǐ: so as not to let.免使：免得，不让。
虚过xū guò: xū guò: to pass by in vain.虚过：白白地过去。

How to read it读音

亸duǒ: It means to droop, read duǒ.亸，下垂，读 duǒ。
厌yān: Here the doubled word means listless, the same as another word for weary. It is read yān yān, not yàn as in to dislike.厌厌，同“恹恹”，没精神的样子，读 yān yān，不读讨厌的 yàn。
那nuó: This word means helpless, the same as wú nài. The second character is read nuó; some read it nuò.无那，就是“无奈”。那读 nuó，也有人读 nuò。
恁nèn: This word means like this. The first character is read nèn.恁么，就是“这么、这样”，恁读 nèn。
教jiào: Here it means to make someone do something. Today it is usually read jiào; in old poems some read it jiāo.教，这里是“让、使”的意思，现在一般读 jiào；古诗词里也有人读 jiāo。
和hé: It means together with me; the character is read hé.和我，和我在一起，“和”读 hé。
少shào: It means young in years, so the character is read shào.年少，年纪轻，“少”读 shào。

Background创作背景

This lyric is spoken in the voice of a young woman. Her lover has gone far away and sent no word for a long time. At home she misses him and is angry with him too. The year and place it was written are not known. Liu Yong's lyrics often told the feelings of ordinary people in plain speech, so they were sung everywhere in the streets. According to one note by a Song writer, the chief minister Yan Shu once picked out the line about needlework to criticize Liu Yong, finding it too common.

这首词用一位女子的口气写成。她的情人出远门，很久没有消息，她在家里又想念又埋怨。写作的年份和地点不清楚。柳永的词常写普通人的感情，用的又是大白话，所以在街头巷尾传唱很广。一说宋人笔记里记载，宰相晏殊曾拿这首词里写针线的句子批评柳永，嫌它太俗。

The poet作者

Liu Yong (about 984 to about 1053), first named Sanbian, was a lyric poet of the Northern Song. As a young man he failed the state exams again and again, and for years he wrote songs for singing girls in the cities, so he knew their lives and feelings well. His lyrics use plain speech and show feelings openly. People said that wherever there was a well to drink from, someone was singing Liu Yong's songs.

柳永（约984—约1053），原名三变，北宋词人。他年轻时多次考试落榜，长期在城市里给歌女们写词，非常熟悉她们的生活和心情。他的词口语多，感情直白，当时有“凡有井水饮处，即能歌柳词”的说法，就是说有人的地方就有人唱他的词。

The mood意境

The first half shows how listless she is. Spring has come with red flowers and green willows, but everything looks sad to her. The sun is high and she is still in bed. She has grown thin, her hair is a mess, and she does not want to comb it. Why? Because he left and has not sent even one letter. The second half shows her regret and her daydream. She says: had I known, I would have locked away his saddle! Then she imagines keeping him in the study to read and write, while she sits beside him with her needlework. Neither would leave the other, and their young years would not slip away. The whole lyric is like a girl telling you what is in her heart, a little sulky, a little cross, and very honest. This plain, spoken way of writing is just what Liu Yong was known for.

上片写她懒。春天到了，花红柳绿，她却觉得样样都愁。太阳老高了，她还躺着；人瘦了，头发乱了，也不想梳。为什么？因为那个人走了，连封信都没有。下片写她的悔和她的梦想。她说：早知道这样，当初就该把他的马鞍锁起来！然后她想象把他关在书房里读书写诗，自己拿着针线坐在旁边陪他，两个人谁也不离开谁，不让青春白白溜走。整首词像一个女孩在跟你说心里话，有点撒娇，有点生气，又很真诚。这种大白话的写法，正是柳永的特色。