No. 71 · Song lyric · ci lyric in two stanzas, 60 characters第 71 首 · 宋词 · 词（双调，六十字）

dié蝶liàn恋huā花·jiàn槛jú菊chóu愁yān烟lán兰qì泣lù露

yàn晏shū殊Yan Shu · Song宋

Butterflies Love Flowers: Chrysanthemums by the Railing Grieve in Mist

jiàn槛jú菊chóu愁yān烟lán兰qì泣lù露

luó罗mù幕qīng轻hán寒

yàn燕zi子shuāng双fēi飞qù去

míng明yuè月bù不ān谙lí离hèn恨kǔ苦

xié斜guāng光dào到xiǎo晓chuān穿zhū朱hù户

zuó昨yè夜xī西fēng风diāo凋bì碧shù树

dú独shàng上gāo高lóu楼

wàng望jìn尽tiān天yá涯lù路

yù欲jì寄cǎi彩jiān笺jiān兼chǐ尺sù素

shān山cháng长shuǐ水kuò阔zhī知hé何chù处

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

槛菊愁烟兰泣露Chrysanthemums by the railing seem to grieve in the mist; orchids seem to weep with dew.栏杆边的菊花笼着烟雾，好像在发愁；兰花沾着露水，好像在哭泣。
罗幕轻寒A slight chill comes through the silk curtains,丝绸帘幕间透进微微的寒意，
燕子双飞去and the swallows fly away in pairs.燕子成双成对地飞走了。
明月不谙离恨苦The bright moon does not know the pain of parting;明月不懂得离别的痛苦，
斜光到晓穿朱户its slanting light shines through the red door until dawn.斜斜的月光一直照到天亮，照进红色的门窗。
昨夜西风凋碧树Last night the west wind stripped the green trees bare.昨天夜里，西风吹落了绿树的叶子。
独上高楼Alone I climb the high tower我独自登上高楼，
望尽天涯路and gaze down the road to the edge of the sky.望尽那通向天边的路。
欲寄彩笺兼尺素I want to send a letter, with poems and my longing,想寄一封信，写上诗句和思念，
山长水阔知何处but the mountains are long and the waters wide; who knows where he is?可是山那么长，水那么宽，哪里知道他在什么地方？

Words字词注释

槛菊jiàn jú: jiàn jú: chrysanthemums by the railing. Jiàn is a railing.槛菊：栏杆边的菊花。槛，栏杆。
愁烟chóu yān: chóu yān: wrapped in mist, as if grieving.愁烟：笼罩在烟雾里，好像带着忧愁。
兰泣露lán qì lù: lán qì lù: dew on the orchids, as if they were weeping.兰泣露：兰花上沾着露水，好像在哭泣。
罗幕luó mù: luó mù: curtains made of thin silk.罗幕：用丝绸做的帘幕。
轻寒qīng hán: qīng hán: a slight chill.轻寒：微微有些冷。
不谙bù ān: bù ān: does not understand. Ān means to know well.不谙：不懂得，不了解。谙，熟悉、懂得。
离恨lí hèn: lí hèn: the pain of being parted from a loved one.离恨：和亲人分别的痛苦。
斜光xié guāng: xié guāng: slanting moonlight.斜光：斜斜照进来的月光。
到晓dào xiǎo: dào xiǎo: until dawn.到晓：一直到天亮。
朱户zhū hù: zhū hù: a red door, here the home of a wealthy family.朱户：红色的门窗，这里指富贵人家的住处。
凋碧树diāo bì shù: diāo bì shù: made the green trees lose their leaves. Diāo means leaves withering and falling.凋碧树：让绿树的叶子凋落了。凋，草木凋零、叶子落下。
望尽wàng jìn: wàng jìn: to gaze all the way to the end of sight.望尽：一直望到看不见的尽头。
天涯路tiān yá lù: tiān yá lù: the road to the edge of the sky, meaning very far away.天涯路：通向天边的路，指远方。
彩笺cǎi jiān: cǎi jiān: coloured writing paper, often used for poems.彩笺：彩色的信纸，常用来写诗。
兼jiān: jiān: and, as well as.兼：和，以及。
尺素chǐ sù: chǐ sù: a letter. People once wrote letters on a piece of white silk about one chi long, so a letter was called 'a foot of silk'.尺素：书信。古人把信写在一尺左右长的白绢上，所以叫尺素。
山长水阔shān cháng shuǐ kuò: shān cháng shuǐ kuò: long mountains and wide waters, meaning the way is far.山长水阔：山又多又远，水又宽又广，形容路途遥远。
知何处zhī hé chù: zhī hé chù: who knows where he is?知何处：哪里知道他在什么地方。

How to read it读音

槛jiàn: Here this character means a railing, read jiàn. It is read kǎn only when it means a doorsill.槛在这里是“栏杆”的意思，读 jiàn。“门槛”的槛才读 kǎn。
尽jìn: In wàng jìn, 'gaze to the very end', this character is read jìn.望尽的尽读 jìn，是“到头、望到最远”的意思。
长cháng: In 'the mountains are long', this character is read cháng.山长的长读 cháng，是“长远”的意思。

Background创作背景

This lyric shows someone in late autumn missing a loved one far away. We no longer know which year it was written or for whom. The speaker is usually taken to be a woman missing her beloved. The modern scholar Wang Guowei wrote that great work and great learning pass through three stages. For the first he used the lines about the west wind, the high tower and the road to the edge of the sky: first you must climb high, look far, and see where you are going.

这首词写的是深秋时节一个人思念远方亲人的心情。具体写于哪一年、写给谁，已经说不清了。词里的主人公一般理解为一位思念远方爱人的女子。近代学者王国维在《人间词话》里说，做大事业、大学问要经过三种境界，第一种就是“昨夜西风凋碧树，独上高楼，望尽天涯路”，比喻先要登高望远，看清方向。

The poet作者

Yan Shu (991–1055) was a Northern Song ci poet. He was a child prodigy and later became chief minister. His lyrics have graceful words and quiet feelings, often about idle sorrow and parting. This is his most famous lyric about parting: delicate at first, then suddenly wide open.

晏殊（991—1055），北宋词人，从小就是“神童”，后来做到宰相。他的词语言优美，感情含蓄，多写闲愁和离别。这首词是他写离愁的名作，前面细腻，后面却突然开阔起来。

The mood意境

It opens on an autumn morning. The chrysanthemums in the mist seem to grieve; the orchids with dew seem to weep. Really it is the person looking at them who is sad. The swallows fly off in pairs, which makes her feel all the more alone. She blames the moon for not knowing the pain of parting, shining on her all night so she cannot sleep. In the second stanza the picture suddenly grows huge. In one night the west wind has stripped the trees bare. She climbs the high tower and gazes to the edge of the sky. She wants to send a letter, but the mountains are high and the waters far, and she does not even know where he is. From small scenes of flowers, moon and swallows to the wide view from the tower, her longing grows deeper and reaches farther.

开头是一个秋天的早晨：菊花笼着烟，像在发愁；兰花带着露，像在哭。其实是看花的人自己在难过。燕子成双飞走，更显得她一个人孤单。她怪月亮不懂离别的苦，整夜照着她，让她睡不着。下片画面突然变大：一夜西风，绿树叶子全落了，她登上高楼，一直望到天边。可是想寄一封信，山高水远，连他在哪里都不知道。从花、月、燕子的小景，到高楼、天涯的大景，愁思也越来越深，越来越远。