cháng长hèn恨gē歌

Line by line逐句翻译

1. 汉皇重色思倾国The Han emperor (really the Tang emperor Xuanzong) loved beauty and longed for a woman lovely beyond compare.汉朝的皇帝（其实是唐玄宗）喜爱美色，一心想找一位绝世美人。
2. 御宇多年求不得He ruled the land for many years but could not find her.他做了多年皇帝，一直没有找到。
3. 杨家有女初长成The Yang family had a daughter who had just grown up.杨家有一个女儿，刚刚长大成人。
4. 养在深闺人未识She lived in the inner rooms, and no outsider knew her.她住在深深的闺房里，外人都不认识她。
5. 天生丽质难自弃Her beauty was a gift from heaven; it could not stay hidden.她天生美丽，这样的美貌不会一直被埋没。
6. 一朝选在君王侧One day she was chosen to be at the emperor's side.有一天，她被选进宫，来到皇帝身边。
7. 回眸一笑百媚生When she turned and smiled, a hundred charms came alive.她回头一笑，千娇百媚。
8. 六宫粉黛无颜色All the made-up beauties of the palace looked dull beside her.后宫里化着妆的美人，和她一比都失去了光彩。
9. 春寒赐浴华清池In the chill of early spring, the emperor let her bathe in the Huaqing Pool.早春还有些冷，皇帝让她到华清池洗温泉。
10. 温泉水滑洗凝脂The smooth warm spring water washed her skin, white and soft as cream.滑润的温泉水，洗着她洁白细嫩的皮肤。
11. 侍儿扶起娇无力Maids helped her up; she was so delicate she seemed to have no strength.宫女扶她起来，她娇柔得没有一点力气。
12. 始是新承恩泽时This was when she first won the emperor's favor.这正是她刚开始得到皇帝宠爱的时候。
13. 云鬓花颜金步摇Hair like clouds, a face like a flower, a gold hairpin swaying as she moved.她鬓发如云，容颜如花，头上的金步摇轻轻摇动。
14. 芙蓉帐暖度春宵Inside the warm lotus curtains, they passed the spring nights together.在温暖的芙蓉帐里，她陪皇帝度过春天的夜晚。
15. 春宵苦短日高起The spring nights felt far too short; they rose only when the sun was high.只嫌春夜太短，太阳升得老高才起床。
16. 从此君王不早朝From then on, the emperor stopped holding court in the early morning.从此皇帝不再一早上朝处理国事。
17. 承欢侍宴无闲暇Pleasing him and serving at his feasts, she never had a free moment.她讨皇帝欢心，陪皇帝饮宴，没有一点空闲。
18. 春从春游夜专夜In spring she joined him on every outing; every night she alone was with him.春天陪他游春，夜夜都由她一个人陪伴。
19. 后宫佳丽三千人There were three thousand beauties in the palace,后宫的美女有三千人，
20. 三千宠爱在一身but the love meant for three thousand fell on her alone.可是三千人的宠爱都集中在她一个人身上。
21. 金屋妆成娇侍夜Made up in a golden chamber, she kept him charming company through the night.在华丽的宫室里打扮好，娇媚地陪皇帝过夜。
22. 玉楼宴罢醉和春When the feast in the jade tower ended, she was tipsy and warm as spring.玉楼上的宴会散了，她带着醉意，和春天一样温柔。
23. 姊妹弟兄皆列土Her sisters and brothers were all given titles and lands.她的姐妹兄弟都封了爵位，得了封地。
24. 可怜光彩生门户How enviable it was: glory shone from the Yang family gate.杨家门庭光彩照人，真让人羡慕。
25. 遂令天下父母心And so the hearts of parents everywhere changed:于是天下做父母的，心思都变了，
26. 不重生男重生女they no longer prized sons, but prized daughters.不再看重生男孩，反而看重生女孩。
27. 骊宫高处入青云The palace on Mount Li rose high into the clouds,骊山上的宫殿高高耸入云霄，
28. 仙乐风飘处处闻and music fit for immortals drifted on the wind, heard everywhere.仙乐一样美妙的音乐随风飘送，到处都听得见。
29. 缓歌慢舞凝丝竹Slow songs and gentle dances moved to the lingering sound of strings and flutes,舒缓的歌，柔美的舞，配着悠长的乐声，
30. 尽日君王看不足and the emperor watched all day long and never had enough.皇帝整天看着，怎么也看不够。
31. 渔阳鼙鼓动地来Then the war drums of Yuyang came, shaking the earth,忽然，渔阳的战鼓震天动地地响起来，
32. 惊破霓裳羽衣曲and shattered the Rainbow Skirt and Feather Coat dance.打断了宫中的霓裳羽衣曲。
33. 九重城阙烟尘生Smoke and dust rose over the many-gated capital.京城里烟尘滚滚，战火烧来了。
34. 千乘万骑西南行Thousands of chariots and horsemen fled to the southwest.皇帝带着成千上万的车马向西南逃去。
35. 翠华摇摇行复止The emperor's kingfisher banner swayed; the column moved and stopped, moved and stopped.皇帝的翠羽旗摇摇晃晃，队伍走走停停。
36. 西出都门百余里They went west, a hundred li and more beyond the city gate.向西走出京城一百多里。
37. 六军不发无奈何The army would march no farther, and the emperor was helpless.护驾的军队不肯再走，皇帝也没有办法，
38. 宛转蛾眉马前死The lovely lady with moth-wing brows died in agony before the horses.美丽的杨贵妃在军马前痛苦地死去。
39. 花钿委地无人收Her flower ornaments fell to the ground, and no one picked them up,她的花钿掉在地上，没有人去收拾，
40. 翠翘金雀玉搔头nor the kingfisher plumes, the golden-bird pins, the jade hairpins.还有翠翘、金雀钗和玉簪，也都散落在地。
41. 君王掩面救不得The emperor covered his face; he could not save her.皇帝捂着脸，救不了她。
42. 回看血泪相和流Looking back, he wept tears mixed with blood.回头再看，眼泪和血一起流下来。
43. 黄埃散漫风萧索Yellow dust spread everywhere, and the wind blew cold and bleak.黄色的尘土四处飘散，风冷冷清清地吹着。
44. 云栈萦纡登剑阁Along winding plank roads high in the clouds, they climbed to Jiange Pass.沿着高入云端、弯弯曲曲的栈道，登上剑阁。
45. 峨嵋山下少人行Below Mount Emei, few people passed.峨眉山下，很少有人走过。
46. 旌旗无光日色薄The banners lost their color, and the sunlight was thin and pale.旗子失去了光彩，阳光也暗淡无力。
47. 蜀江水碧蜀山青The rivers of Shu were green-blue, the mountains of Shu were green,蜀地的江水碧绿，蜀地的山青翠，
48. 圣主朝朝暮暮情and from morning to night the emperor longed for her.皇帝从早到晚都在思念她。
49. 行宫见月伤心色In his traveling palace, even the moonlight looked heartbroken;在行宫里看见月亮，月色也让人伤心；
50. 夜雨闻铃肠断声on rainy nights, the sound of bells broke his heart.夜雨里听到铃声，声声让人肝肠寸断。
51. 天旋日转回龙驭Then the world turned again, and the emperor's carriage headed home.局势大变，唐军收复了京城，皇帝的车驾往回走。
52. 到此踌躇不能去Reaching that place, he lingered and could not bring himself to leave.走到马嵬坡，他徘徊犹豫，不忍离开。
53. 马嵬坡下泥土中In the earth below Mawei Slope,在马嵬坡下的泥土里，
54. 不见玉颜空死处her lovely face was nowhere to be seen; only the place where she died remained.再也见不到她美丽的容颜，只剩下她死去的地方。
55. 君臣相顾尽沾衣The emperor and his ministers looked at one another, their clothes wet with tears.皇帝和大臣们互相看着，泪水打湿了衣裳。
56. 东望都门信马归Gazing east toward the capital, they let the horses carry them home.向东望着京城的城门，任由马儿慢慢走回去。
57. 归来池苑皆依旧Back home, the ponds and gardens were all as before:回到宫中，池塘园林都和从前一样，
58. 太液芙蓉未央柳the lotuses of Taiye Pool, the willows of Weiyang Palace.太液池的荷花，未央宫的柳树，还是老样子。
59. 芙蓉如面柳如眉The lotus was like her face, the willow leaves like her brows.荷花像她的脸，柳叶像她的眉，
60. 对此如何不泪垂Facing all this, how could he keep from weeping?面对这些，怎么能不流泪呢？
61. 春风桃李花开夜On spring nights, when the breeze opened the peach and plum blossoms,春风吹开桃花李花的夜晚，
62. 秋雨梧桐叶落时and in autumn, when rain knocked down the wutong leaves, he missed her all the more.秋雨打落梧桐叶的时候，他都更加想念她。
63. 西宫南内多秋草Autumn weeds grew thick in the West Palace and the South Palace;他住的西宫和南内，长满了秋草；
64. 落叶满阶红不扫red fallen leaves covered the steps, and no one swept them.红色的落叶铺满台阶，也没有人打扫。
65. 梨园弟子白发新The Pear Garden musicians had new white hair;当年梨园的乐工，都新添了白发；
66. 椒房阿监青娥老the women officials of the palace had lost their young looks.后宫的女官，年轻的容颜也老了。
67. 夕殿萤飞思悄然At dusk, fireflies drifted through the hall as he sat lost in sad thought.傍晚，萤火虫在宫殿里飞，他默默地想着心事。
68. 孤灯挑尽未成眠He trimmed the lone lamp until its wick was gone, and still he could not sleep.一盏孤灯的灯芯都挑完了，他还是睡不着。
69. 迟迟钟鼓初长夜The bells and drums tolled slowly; the long autumn night had only begun.报时的钟鼓声慢慢地响，长长的秋夜才刚开始；
70. 耿耿星河欲曙天The Milky Way shone bright as the sky grew close to dawn.银河闪闪发亮，天快要亮了。
71. 鸳鸯瓦冷霜华重The paired roof tiles were cold, thick with frost;成对的鸳鸯瓦冰冷，上面结着厚厚的霜；
72. 翡翠衾寒谁与共the kingfisher quilt was cold. Who was there to share it?绣着翡翠鸟的被子冰凉，谁来和他一起盖呢？
73. 悠悠生死别经年Life and death had parted them, and year after year had passed,生死离别，已经过了一年又一年，
74. 魂魄不曾来入梦yet her spirit never once came into his dreams.她的魂魄却从来没有到他的梦里来过。
75. 临邛道士鸿都客A Daoist priest from Linqiong was staying in the capital.有个从临邛来的道士，客居在京城，
76. 能以精诚致魂魄By perfect sincerity he could call up the spirits of the dead.他能用至诚的心意招来死者的魂魄。
77. 为感君王辗转思Moved by the emperor's sleepless longing,人们被皇帝日夜思念、睡不着觉的心情感动，
78. 遂教方士殷勤觅people asked the priest to search for her with all his heart.于是请这位方士尽心尽力地去寻找她。
79. 排空驭气奔如电He pushed through the sky and rode the air, racing like lightning.他推开天空，驾着云气，像闪电一样飞奔，
80. 升天入地求之遍Up to heaven, down into the earth, he searched everywhere.上天下地，到处都找遍了。
81. 上穷碧落下黄泉He went to the far end of the blue sky and down to the Yellow Springs,上到天的尽头，下到地底的黄泉，
82. 两处茫茫皆不见but both were vast and empty, and she was in neither.两个地方都空空荡荡，哪里也没有她。
83. 忽闻海上有仙山Then he heard of an island of immortals out in the sea,忽然听说海上有一座仙山，
84. 山在虚无缥缈间a mountain floating somewhere in the haze, there and not there.那座山在若有若无、隐隐约约的地方。
85. 楼阁玲珑五云起Its fine towers rose among clouds of five colors,山上精巧的楼阁被五彩祥云围绕，
86. 其中绰约多仙子and many graceful fairy women lived inside.里面住着很多体态柔美的仙女。
87. 中有一人字太真Among them was one named Taizhen,其中有一位名叫太真，
88. 雪肤花貌参差是snow-white skin and a face like a flower: it must be her.雪白的皮肤、花一样的容貌，差不多就是她。
89. 金阙西厢叩玉扃The priest came to the west wing of the golden palace and knocked on the jade door,道士来到金色宫殿的西厢，敲响玉做的门，
90. 转教小玉报双成asking the maid Xiaoyu to tell Shuangcheng, who would carry the word inside.请侍女小玉去告诉双成，让她再去通报。
91. 闻道汉家天子使Hearing that an envoy had come from the Han emperor,听说是汉家天子派来的使者，
92. 九华帐里梦魂惊she woke with a start inside her flowered bed curtains.她在华美的帐子里从梦中惊醒。
93. 揽衣推枕起徘徊She threw on a robe, pushed the pillow aside, rose and paced,她披上衣服，推开枕头，起身走来走去，
94. 珠箔银屏逦迤开and pearl curtains and silver screens opened one after another.珠帘和银屏风一道接一道地打开。
95. 云鬓半偏新睡觉Her cloud of hair had slipped to one side, for she had just woken.她刚刚睡醒，云一样的鬓发偏在一边，
96. 花冠不整下堂来Her flower cap askew, she came down from the hall.花冠也没戴整齐，就走下堂来。
97. 风吹仙袂飘飖举The wind lifted her fairy sleeves so they fluttered up,风吹着她仙衣的袖子，飘飘扬起，
98. 犹似霓裳羽衣舞as if she were still dancing the Rainbow Skirt and Feather Coat dance.还像当年跳霓裳羽衣舞的样子。
99. 玉容寂寞泪阑干Her lovely face was lonely and sad, with tears streaming down,她美丽的脸上满是凄凉，泪水纵横，
100. 梨花一枝春带雨like a spray of pear blossoms in spring, wet with rain.像一枝春天的梨花，沾着雨珠。
101. 含情凝睇谢君王Full of feeling, gazing steadily, she sent her thanks to the emperor:她含着深情，定定地望着，请使者替她谢过君王：
102. 一别音容两渺茫"Since we parted, your voice and face and mine have been lost to each other.“自从分别，你我的声音和容貌，都远得找不到了。
103. 昭阳殿里恩爱绝The love I knew in the Zhaoyang Hall has been cut off,昭阳殿里的恩爱已经断绝，
104. 蓬莱宫中日月长and here in the palace of Penglai, the days and months are long.我在蓬莱仙宫里，日子过得漫长。
105. 回头下望人寰处When I turn and look down at the human world,回过头向下看人间，
106. 不见长安见尘雾I cannot see Chang'an, only dust and mist.看不见长安，只看见一片尘雾。
107. 唯将旧物表深情I can only use old keepsakes to show my love:我只能拿从前的东西来表达深情，
108. 钿合金钗寄将去please take this inlaid box and this gold hairpin back to him.请把这镶嵌的首饰盒和金钗带回去。
109. 钗留一股合一扇I keep one prong of the pin and one half of the box;金钗留下一股，盒子留下一半；
110. 钗擘黄金合分钿I break the gold pin and split the inlaid box.把金钗掰开，把盒子分开。
111. 但教心似金钿坚As long as our hearts stay as firm as gold and inlay,只要我们的心像金子和宝钿一样坚定，
112. 天上人间会相见in heaven or on earth, we will meet again."无论在天上还是人间，总会再相见。”
113. 临别殷勤重寄词At parting, she earnestly sent one more message,临别时，她又恳切地托道士带一段话，
114. 词中有誓两心知and in it was a vow known only to their two hearts:话里有一个誓言，只有她和皇帝两个人知道：
115. 七月七日长生殿on the seventh day of the seventh month, in the Hall of Long Life,七月七日那天，在长生殿里，
116. 夜半无人私语时at midnight, with no one near, they had whispered to each other:半夜四下无人，两人说悄悄话的时候发誓说：
117. 在天愿作比翼鸟"In heaven, may we be two birds that fly wing to wing.“在天上，我们愿做比翼齐飞的鸟；
118. 在地愿为连理枝On earth, may we be two branches grown into one."在地上，我们愿做长在一起的连理枝。”
119. 天长地久有时尽Heaven and earth last long, yet one day they will end.天再长、地再久，也有结束的时候，
120. 此恨绵绵无绝期But this sorrow goes on and on, and never ends.这份遗憾却绵绵不断，永远没有尽头。

Words字词注释

汉皇hàn huáng

hàn huáng: the Han emperor. It really means the Tang emperor Xuanzong. Tang poets often said "Han" when they meant their own Tang dynasty.汉皇：汉朝的皇帝。这里其实是指唐玄宗李隆基。唐朝诗人写本朝的事，常借“汉”来说“唐”。

重色zhòng sè

zhòng sè: to care a lot about beauty, to love beautiful women.重色：看重美色，喜欢美女。

倾国qīng guó

qīng guó: a woman so beautiful she could topple a kingdom; a beauty beyond compare.倾国：美得能让一个国家倾倒的女子，就是绝世美人。

御宇yù yǔ

yù yǔ: to rule the land. Yǔ means the whole world under heaven.御宇：统治天下。宇，天下。

初长成chū zhǎng chéng

chū zhǎng chéng: had just grown up.初长成：刚刚长大成人。

深闺shēn guī

shēn guī: the inner rooms where young women lived, deep inside the house, out of sight.深闺：女子住的内室，在家里很深的地方，外人看不到。

丽质lì zhì

lì zhì: beauty of face and bearing.丽质：美丽的容貌和气质。

难自弃nán zì qì

nán zì qì: could not be left unnoticed; sooner or later it would be found.难自弃：不会被埋没，迟早会被发现。

一朝yì zhāo

yī zhāo: one day.一朝：有一天。

君王侧jūn wáng cè

jūn wáng cè: by the emperor's side.君王侧：皇帝身边。侧，旁边。

回眸huí móu

huí móu: to turn and look back. Móu is the pupil of the eye.回眸：回头看。眸，眼珠。

百媚生bǎi mèi shēng

bǎi mèi shēng: a hundred kinds of charm appear.百媚生：显出各种各样的美。

六宫liù gōng

liù gōng: the six palaces, where the empress and consorts lived; the inner palace.六宫：皇后和妃子们住的地方，就是后宫。

粉黛fěn dài

fěn dài: face powder and eyebrow paint. Here it means the made-up beauties of the palace.粉黛：擦脸的白粉和画眉的黑颜料，这里指后宫里化着妆的美女。

无颜色wú yán sè

wú yán sè: to lose all color; to be outshone.无颜色：失去光彩，被比下去了。

赐浴cì yù

cì yù: the emperor granted her a bath there, a special favor.赐浴：皇帝让她去洗浴。这是一种特别的宠爱。

华清池huá qīng chí

huá qīng chí: the Huaqing hot-spring pool at the foot of Mount Li, in today's Lintong, Xi'an, Shaanxi.华清池：骊山脚下华清宫里的温泉池，在今天陕西西安临潼。

凝脂níng zhī

níng zhī: set fat or cream, white and smooth; used to describe soft, fair skin.凝脂：凝固的油脂，又白又滑，用来形容皮肤白嫩。

侍儿shì ér

shì ér: a maid who waits on someone.侍儿：服侍人的宫女。

娇无力jiāo wú lì

jiāo wú lì: so soft and delicate she has no strength.娇无力：娇柔得没有力气。

承恩泽chéng ēn zé

chéng ēn zé: to receive the emperor's favor. Ēn zé means kindness that falls like rain and dew.承恩泽：得到皇帝的宠爱。恩泽，像雨露一样的恩惠。

云鬓yún bìn

yún bìn: hair at the temples, thick and soft like clouds.云鬓：像云一样又多又蓬松的鬓发。鬓，耳边的头发。

金步摇jīn bù yáo

jīn bù yáo: a gold hairpin hung with beads and jade that swayed with every step.金步摇：一种金首饰，插在头上，上面挂着珠玉，走一步摇一下。

芙蓉帐fú róng zhàng

fú róng zhàng: bed curtains embroidered with lotus flowers. Fú róng is the lotus.芙蓉帐：绣着荷花的帐子。芙蓉，荷花。

度春宵dù chūn xiāo

dù chūn xiāo: to spend the spring night.度春宵：度过春天的夜晚。

苦短kǔ duǎn

kǔ duǎn: painfully short.苦短：只恨太短。

早朝zǎo cháo

zǎo cháo: the early-morning court, where the emperor met his ministers to run the country.早朝：皇帝清早上朝，和大臣们商量国家大事。

承欢chéng huān

chéng huān: to keep the emperor happy.承欢：讨皇帝欢心。

侍宴shì yàn

shì yàn: to keep the emperor company at feasts.侍宴：陪皇帝饮酒吃饭。

闲暇xián xiá

xián xiá: free time.闲暇：空闲的时候。

春从春游chūn cóng chūn yóu

chūn cóng chūn yóu: in spring she went along on every spring outing.春从春游：春天跟着皇帝去游春。

夜专夜yè zhuān yè

yè zhuān yè: every night was hers alone. Zhuān means to have all to oneself.夜专夜：每天晚上都只有她陪着皇帝。专，独占。

佳丽jiā lì

jiā lì: beautiful women.佳丽：美女。

三千sān qiān

sān qiān: three thousand; it just means very many, not an exact count.三千：形容很多，不是准确的数字。

金屋jīn wū

jīn wū: a golden house, a splendid chamber. It recalls the story of Emperor Wu of Han, who as a boy promised to build a golden house for his cousin A Jiao.金屋：华丽的宫室。借用汉武帝小时候说要“造金屋给阿娇住”的故事。

玉楼yù lóu

yù lóu: a jade tower, a splendid building.玉楼：华丽的楼阁。

醉和春zuì hé chūn

zuì hé chūn: her tipsiness blended with the warmth of spring.醉和春：醉意和春意融在一起。

姊妹弟兄zǐ mèi dì xiōng

zǐ mèi dì xiōng: sisters and brothers. Zǐ means elder sister.姊妹弟兄：姐妹兄弟。姊，姐姐。

列土liè tǔ

liè tǔ: to be given land and titles. Yang Guifei's three elder sisters were made Ladies of states, and her cousin Yang Guozhong later became chief minister.列土：分封土地，得到爵位。杨贵妃的三个姐姐都被封为国夫人，她的族兄杨国忠后来当了宰相。

可怜kě lián

kě lián: enviable, lovely. It does not mean "pitiful" here, as it does today.可怜：可爱、令人羡慕。不是今天“值得同情”的意思。

门户mén hù

mén hù: the family gate, meaning the Yang family.门户：家门，指杨家。

遂令suì lìng

suì lìng: and so it made.遂令：于是使得。

不重生男重生女bú zhòng shēng nán zhòng shēng nǚ

bù zhòng shēng nán zhòng shēng nǚ: not prizing sons but prizing daughters, since a daughter might bring the whole family wealth and rank, as Yang Guifei did.不重生男重生女：不看重生男孩，反而看重生女孩。因为女儿可能像杨贵妃一样，让全家富贵。

骊宫lí gōng

lí gōng: the Huaqing Palace on Mount Li.骊宫：骊山上的华清宫。

青云qīng yún

qīng yún: clouds high in the blue sky.青云：高空中的云。

仙乐xiān yuè

xiān yuè: music as lovely as that of the immortals.仙乐：像仙界一样美妙的音乐。

凝丝竹níng sī zhú

níng sī zhú: the music lingers as if frozen in the air. Sī zhú, silk and bamboo, means string and wind instruments, that is, music.凝丝竹：乐声悠长，好像凝住了一样。丝竹，弦乐器和管乐器，泛指音乐。

尽日jìn rì

jìn rì: all day long.尽日：一整天。

看不足kàn bù zú

kàn bù zú: could never see enough.看不足：看不够。

渔阳yú yáng

yú yáng: a Tang district around today's Beijing and Tianjin. An Lushan launched his rebellion from this area.渔阳：唐代的一个郡，在今天北京、天津一带。安禄山就是从这一带起兵造反的。

鼙鼓pí gǔ

pí gǔ: small army drums; here they stand for war.鼙鼓：军队里用的小鼓，这里指战争。

惊破jīng pò

jīng pò: to startle and shatter, to break off.惊破：惊散、打断。

霓裳羽衣曲ní cháng yǔ yī qǔ

ní cháng yǔ yī qǔ: the Rainbow Skirt and Feather Coat, a famous Tang court song and dance. Yang Guifei is said to have danced it beautifully.霓裳羽衣曲：唐代宫廷里有名的乐舞。霓裳，彩虹一样的衣裙；羽衣，羽毛做的衣服。据说杨贵妃很会跳这支舞。

九重城阙jiǔ chóng chéng què

jiǔ chóng chéng què: the capital, Chang'an. Jiǔ chóng means gate after gate; chéng què means city towers.九重城阙：指京城长安。九重，一层又一层，形容宫门很多；城阙，城楼。

烟尘生yān chén shēng

yān chén shēng: smoke and dust rise; war has come.烟尘生：烟尘升起，指战火来了。

千乘万骑qiān shèng wàn qí

qiān shèng wàn qí: thousands of chariots and horsemen. Shèng is one chariot; qí is one rider and his horse.千乘万骑：成千上万的车马。乘，一辆车；骑，一人一马。

西南行xī nán xíng

xī nán xíng: to go southwest, fleeing toward Shu, today's Sichuan.西南行：往西南走，逃向蜀地（今天的四川）。

翠华cuì huá

cuì huá: a banner decorated with kingfisher feathers, used only for the emperor.翠华：用翠鸟羽毛装饰的旗子，是皇帝专用的仪仗。

行复止xíng fù zhǐ

xíng fù zhǐ: moving, then stopping, then moving again.行复止：走了又停，停了又走。

都门dū mén

dū mén: the gate of the capital.都门：京城的城门。

百余里bǎi yú lǐ

bǎi yú lǐ: a hundred li and more. Mawei Slope lies a little over a hundred li west of Chang'an. A li is about half a kilometer.百余里：一百多里。马嵬坡在长安西边一百多里。

六军liù jūn

liù jūn: the six armies, the emperor's own troops.六军：皇帝的军队。

不发bù fā

bù fā: refused to march on.不发：不肯出发前进。

无奈何wú nài hé

wú nài hé: nothing could be done.无奈何：没有办法。

宛转wǎn zhuǎn

wǎn zhuǎn: twisting in pain. Another reading: clinging on, unwilling to part.宛转：痛苦挣扎的样子。一说是依依不舍的样子。

蛾眉é méi

é méi: eyebrows long and curved like a moth's feelers; a way of saying "a beauty". Here it means Yang Guifei.蛾眉：像蚕蛾触须一样细长弯弯的眉毛，常用来代指美女，这里指杨贵妃。

马前死mǎ qián sǐ

mǎ qián sǐ: died before the horses. History books say she was strangled.马前死：死在军队的马前。史书说她是被勒死的。

花钿huā diàn

huā diàn: flower-shaped ornaments of gold, silver and gems.花钿：用金银珠宝做成花朵形状的首饰。

委地wěi dì

wěi dì: dropped on the ground.委地：掉落在地上。

翠翘cuì qiáo

cuì qiáo: an ornament shaped like a kingfisher's long tail feathers.翠翘：像翠鸟尾巴上长羽毛的首饰。

金雀jīn què

jīn què: a gold hairpin shaped like a bird.金雀：雀鸟形状的金钗。

玉搔头yù sāo tóu

yù sāo tóu: a jade hairpin.玉搔头：玉簪，一种插头发的玉首饰。

掩面yǎn miàn

yǎn miàn: to cover one's face with the hands.掩面：用手捂住脸。

血泪相和流xuè lèi xiāng hé liú

xuè lèi xiāng hé liú: tears and blood flow together; grief beyond bearing.血泪相和流：眼泪和血混在一起流下来，形容伤心到了极点。

黄埃huáng āi

huáng āi: yellow dust.黄埃：黄色的尘土。

散漫sàn màn

sàn màn: spreading everywhere.散漫：四处飘散。

萧索xiāo suǒ

xiāo suǒ: bleak and desolate.萧索：冷冷清清，很凄凉。

云栈yún zhàn

yún zhàn: plank roads high in the clouds, built by fixing wooden boards into holes cut in cliffs.云栈：高入云端的栈道。栈道，在悬崖上凿洞、架木板修成的路。

萦纡yíng yū

yíng yū: winding round and round.萦纡：弯弯曲曲，绕来绕去。

剑阁jiàn gé

jiàn gé: Jianmen Pass, in today's Jiange County, Sichuan, a steep gateway into Shu.剑阁：剑门关，在今天四川剑阁县，是进入蜀地的险要关口。

峨嵋山é méi shān

é méi shān: Mount Emei in Sichuan. Xuanzong did not actually pass it on his way to Chengdu; here it simply stands for the mountains of Shu.峨嵋山：就是峨眉山，在今天的四川。玄宗逃往成都并没有经过峨眉山，这里是泛指蜀地的山。

旌旗jīng qí

jīng qí: banners and flags.旌旗：各种旗子。

日色薄rì sè bó

rì sè bó: the sunlight is thin and pale.日色薄：阳光暗淡无力。

蜀江shǔ jiāng

shǔ jiāng: the rivers of Shu, the land around today's Sichuan.蜀江：蜀地的江水。蜀，今天的四川一带。

圣主shèng zhǔ

shèng zhǔ: the sage ruler, a respectful name for the emperor; here Xuanzong.圣主：对皇帝的尊称，这里指唐玄宗。

朝朝暮暮zhāo zhāo mù mù

zhāo zhāo mù mù: every morning and every evening.朝朝暮暮：每天早上和晚上，从早到晚。

行宫xíng gōng

xíng gōng: a palace where the emperor stays while traveling.行宫：皇帝出门在外时住的宫室。

伤心色shāng xīn sè

shāng xīn sè: a color that makes the heart ache.伤心色：让人伤心的颜色。

闻铃wén líng

wén líng: hearing bells. Legend says Xuanzong heard bells ringing in the rain on the plank roads, missed Yang Guifei, and wrote a tune called "Bells in the Rain".闻铃：听到铃声。传说玄宗在栈道上听到雨中的铃声，想念贵妃，写了一支曲子《雨霖铃》。

肠断cháng duàn

cháng duàn: the gut breaking; the deepest grief.肠断：肠子都断了，形容伤心到极点。

天旋日转tiān xuán rì zhuǎn

tiān xuán rì zhuǎn: heaven and sun turn round; the situation changes completely. Here: the Tang army has won back Chang'an.天旋日转：天地转动，比喻局势大变。这里指唐军收复了长安。

回龙驭huí lóng yù

huí lóng yù: the emperor's carriage turns back for the capital. Lóng yù, the dragon carriage, is the emperor's.回龙驭：皇帝的车驾掉头回京。龙驭，皇帝坐的车。

到此dào cǐ

dào cǐ: arriving here, at Mawei Slope.到此：到了这里，指马嵬坡。

踌躇chóu chú

chóu chú: to hesitate, to linger.踌躇：犹豫，走来走去拿不定主意。

马嵬坡mǎ wéi pō

mǎ wéi pō: Mawei Slope, in today's Xingping, Shaanxi, where Yang Guifei died.马嵬坡：地名，在今天陕西兴平，杨贵妃死在这里。

玉颜yù yán

yù yán: a face as lovely as jade.玉颜：像玉一样美的容颜。

空死处kōng sǐ chù

kōng sǐ chù: only the empty place where she died. Kōng means merely, in vain.空死处：只剩下她死去的地方。空，白白地、只有。

相顾xiāng gù

xiāng gù: to look at one another.相顾：你看我，我看你。

沾衣zhān yī

zhān yī: tears wet their clothes.沾衣：泪水打湿了衣服。

信马xìn mǎ

xìn mǎ: to let the horse go where it will; a sign of low spirits.信马：任凭马自己走，不去管它，形容心情低落。

池苑chí yuàn

chí yuàn: the palace ponds and gardens.池苑：宫里的池塘和园林。

依旧yī jiù

yī jiù: just as before.依旧：和从前一样。

太液tài yè

tài yè: Taiye Pool, a lake in the palace.太液：太液池，宫中的池子。

未央wèi yāng

wèi yāng: Weiyang Palace, a Han palace, used here to mean the Tang palace.未央：未央宫，本来是汉朝的宫殿，这里借指唐朝的宫殿。

如何rú hé

rú hé: how could.如何：怎么能。

泪垂lèi chuí

lèi chuí: tears fall.泪垂：流下眼泪。

梧桐wú tóng

wú tóng: a tall tree with big leaves that fall in autumn. Old poems use it to suggest autumn loneliness.梧桐：一种高大的树，叶子很大，秋天落叶。古诗里常用来写秋天的冷清。

西宫南内xī gōng nán nèi

xī gōng nán nèi: the West Palace (the Taiji Palace) and the South Palace (the Xingqing Palace). After coming back, Xuanzong lived first in the Xingqing Palace and was later moved to the Taiji Palace.西宫南内：西宫，指太极宫；南内，指兴庆宫。玄宗回京后先住在兴庆宫，后来被迁到太极宫。

红不扫hóng bù sǎo

hóng bù sǎo: the red leaves lie unswept.红不扫：红色的落叶没有人扫。

梨园弟子lí yuán dì zǐ

lí yuán dì zǐ: the musicians and performers Xuanzong trained himself in the Pear Garden of the palace. Later, opera performers came to be called by this name.梨园弟子：玄宗在宫中“梨园”亲自教出来的乐工和演员。后来人们把唱戏的演员叫作“梨园弟子”。

椒房jiāo fáng

jiāo fáng: the pepper rooms, the empress's palace, whose walls were plastered with mud mixed with Sichuan pepper for warmth and scent. Here it means the inner palace.椒房：皇后住的宫殿，墙上用花椒和泥涂抹，又暖又香。这里泛指后宫。

阿监ā jiàn

ā jiàn: the women officials who ran the palace.阿监：宫里管事的女官。

青娥qīng é

qīng é: young and beautiful looks.青娥：年轻美丽的容颜。

夕殿xī diàn

xī diàn: the palace hall at dusk.夕殿：傍晚的宫殿。

思悄然sī qiǎo rán

sī qiǎo rán: thinking quietly and sadly.思悄然：默默地、忧伤地想着心事。

孤灯挑尽gū dēng tiǎo jìn

gū dēng tiǎo jìn: the wick of an oil lamp had to be pulled up now and then to keep it bright. Trimming it until none was left means the night was very late.孤灯挑尽：古时的油灯要不时把灯芯挑一挑，灯才亮。灯芯都挑完了，说明夜已经很深了。

未成眠wèi chéng mián

wèi chéng mián: still not asleep.未成眠：还没有睡着。

迟迟chí chí

chí chí: slow; the night seems to crawl.迟迟：慢慢的，形容夜晚过得很慢。

钟鼓zhōng gǔ

zhōng gǔ: the bells and drums that told the hours of the night.钟鼓：夜里报时用的钟和鼓。

初长夜chū cháng yè

chū cháng yè: the nights just starting to grow long; autumn nights.初长夜：夜晚刚开始变长，指秋天的夜。

耿耿gěng gěng

gěng gěng: shining bright.耿耿：明亮的样子。

星河xīng hé

xīng hé: the river of stars, the Milky Way.星河：银河。

欲曙天yù shǔ tiān

yù shǔ tiān: the sky about to grow light. Shǔ is dawn.欲曙天：天快要亮了。曙，天刚亮。

鸳鸯瓦yuān yāng wǎ

yuān yāng wǎ: roof tiles laid in pairs, one up and one down, like a pair of mandarin ducks.鸳鸯瓦：一仰一俯、成对扣在一起的屋瓦，像一对鸳鸯。

霜华重shuāng huá zhòng

shuāng huá zhòng: the frost lies thick.霜华重：霜花结得很厚。

翡翠衾fěi cuì qīn

fěi cuì qīn: a quilt embroidered with kingfishers, birds that go in pairs. Qīn is a quilt.翡翠衾：绣着翡翠鸟的被子。翡翠鸟常常成双成对。衾，被子。

谁与共shuí yǔ gòng

shuí yǔ gòng: who is there to share it?谁与共：和谁一起盖呢？

悠悠yōu yōu

yōu yōu: long and far.悠悠：长久、遥远。

经年jīng nián

jīng nián: year after year.经年：过了一年又一年。

不曾bù céng

bù céng: never once.不曾：从来没有。

临邛lín qióng

lín qióng: a place in today's Qionglai, Sichuan.临邛：地名，在今天四川邛崃。

鸿都客hóng dū kè

hóng dū kè: a guest staying in the capital. Hongdu was a palace gate in Han-dynasty Luoyang, used here for Chang'an.鸿都客：客居在京城的人。鸿都本来是汉朝洛阳的宫门名，这里借指长安。

精诚jīng chéng

jīng chéng: perfect sincerity.精诚：真诚到极点的心意。

致zhì

zhì: to call up, to bring.致：招来。

为感wèi gǎn

wèi gǎn: because people were moved by.为感：因为被……感动。

辗转思zhǎn zhuǎn sī

zhǎn zhuǎn sī: tossing and turning with longing, unable to sleep.辗转思：翻来覆去地想念，睡不着觉。

方士fāng shì

fāng shì: a master of magic arts; here, the Daoist priest.方士：会法术的人，这里就是那位道士。

殷勤觅yīn qín mì

yīn qín mì: to search with great care and effort.殷勤觅：尽心尽力地寻找。

排空驭气pái kōng yù qì

pái kōng yù qì: to push through the sky and ride the air.排空驭气：推开空气，驾着云气飞行。

求之遍qiú zhī biàn

qiú zhī biàn: searched everywhere for her.求之遍：到处都找遍了。

穷qióng

qióng: to go to the very end.穷：走到尽头。

碧落bì luò

bì luò: the blue sky, a Daoist name for heaven.碧落：天空。这是道家的说法。

黄泉huáng quán

huáng quán: the Yellow Springs, deep under the earth, where the dead were said to go.黄泉：地底下，传说人死后去的地方。

茫茫máng máng

máng máng: vast and empty, nothing to be seen.茫茫：空旷辽远，什么也看不清。

仙山xiān shān

xiān shān: a mountain where immortals live. Legend placed such mountains, like Penglai, out in the sea.仙山：神仙住的山。传说海上有蓬莱等仙山。

虚无缥缈xū wú piāo miǎo

xū wú piāo miǎo: there and not there, hazy and dim.虚无缥缈：若有若无，隐隐约约，看不真切。

玲珑líng lóng

líng lóng: finely made, delicate.玲珑：精巧好看。

五云wǔ yún

wǔ yún: clouds of five colors.五云：五彩的云。

绰约chuò yuē

chuò yuē: graceful and gentle.绰约：姿态柔美。

仙子xiān zǐ

xiān zǐ: fairy women, female immortals.仙子：仙女。

字太真zì tài zhēn

zì tài zhēn: named Taizhen. Before entering the palace, Yang Guifei had been a Daoist nun, and Taizhen was her Daoist name.字太真：名叫太真。杨贵妃进宫前做过女道士，道号就叫“太真”。

参差是cēn cī shì

cēn cī shì: almost certainly her. Cēn cī here means close to, about the same.参差是：差不多就是她。参差，相近、差不多。

金阙jīn què

jīn què: a golden palace.金阙：金色的宫殿。

西厢xī xiāng

xī xiāng: the west wing.西厢：西边的厢房。

叩玉扃kòu yù jiōng

kòu yù jiōng: to knock on the jade door. Kòu is to knock; jiōng is a door.叩玉扃：敲玉做的门。叩，敲；扃，门。

转教zhuǎn jiāo

zhuǎn jiāo: to have someone pass the word along.转教：转告，让人再去传话。

小玉xiǎo yù

xiǎo yù: Xiaoyu, the name of a fairy maid, borrowed from old legends.小玉：仙女的侍女的名字，借用了传说中的人物。

双成shuāng chéng

shuāng chéng: Shuangcheng, another fairy maid; legend makes her Dong Shuangcheng, a maid of the Queen Mother of the West.双成：也是仙女侍女的名字，传说是西王母身边的侍女董双成。

闻道wén dào

wén dào: heard it said that.闻道：听说。

汉家天子使hàn jiā tiān zǐ shǐ

hàn jiā tiān zǐ shǐ: an envoy sent by the Han emperor; again, Han stands for Tang.汉家天子使：汉家皇帝派来的使者。这里也是借汉说唐。

九华帐jiǔ huá zhàng

jiǔ huá zhàng: splendid bed curtains embroidered with many flowers.九华帐：绣着许多花样的华美帐子。

揽衣lǎn yī

lǎn yī: to pick up and throw on a robe.揽衣：拿起衣服披上。

徘徊pái huái

pái huái: to pace back and forth.徘徊：来回地走。

珠箔zhū bó

zhū bó: a curtain of strung pearls.珠箔：珍珠串成的帘子。

银屏yín píng

yín píng: a silver-inlaid screen.银屏：镶着银的屏风。

逦迤lǐ yǐ

lǐ yǐ: one after another, in a long row.逦迤：一个接一个，连续不断。

半偏bàn piān

bàn piān: tilted to one side.半偏：歪在一边。

新睡觉xīn shuì jué

xīn shuì jué: just woken up. Jué means to wake.新睡觉：刚刚睡醒。觉，醒来。

花冠huā guān

huā guān: a cap decorated with flowers.花冠：用花装饰的帽子。

不整bù zhěng

bù zhěng: not put on straight.不整：没有戴整齐。

仙袂xiān mèi

xiān mèi: a fairy's sleeves. Mèi is a sleeve.仙袂：仙女的衣袖。袂，袖子。

飘飖举piāo yáo jǔ

piāo yáo jǔ: lifting and fluttering.飘飖举：飘飘地扬起来。

犹似yóu sì

yóu sì: still like, just as if.犹似：还像。

玉容yù róng

yù róng: a lovely face.玉容：美丽的脸。

寂寞jì mò

jì mò: lonely and sad-looking.寂寞：这里指神情凄凉、孤单。

阑干lán gān

lán gān: tears running down in streaks.阑干：眼泪纵横流淌的样子。

梨花一枝春带雨lí huā yì zhī chūn dài yǔ

lí huā yī zhī chūn dài yǔ: like a spray of pear blossoms in spring, wet with rain; a picture of her beauty in tears.梨花一枝春带雨：像春天里一枝带着雨珠的梨花。用来比喻她带泪的美丽样子。

含情hán qíng

hán qíng: full of feeling.含情：心里满怀深情。

凝睇níng dì

níng dì: to gaze steadily. Dì means to look.凝睇：定定地看着。睇，看。

谢xiè

xiè: to send thanks and greetings.谢：致意，托人表达感谢和问候。

音容yīn róng

yīn róng: voice and face.音容：声音和容貌。

渺茫miǎo máng

miǎo máng: far, faint and lost.渺茫：遥远模糊，找不到。

昭阳殿zhāo yáng diàn

zhāo yáng diàn: the Zhaoyang Hall, a Han palace where Zhao Feiyan, the favorite of Emperor Cheng, lived. It stands here for Yang Guifei's old palace.昭阳殿：汉朝的宫殿，汉成帝宠爱的赵飞燕住在这里。这里借指杨贵妃当年住的宫殿。

恩爱绝ēn ài jué

ēn ài jué: the love is cut off.恩爱绝：恩爱断绝了。

蓬莱宫péng lái gōng

péng lái gōng: a palace on the immortal mountain of Penglai, where she now lives.蓬莱宫：蓬莱仙山上的宫殿，就是她现在住的地方。

日月长rì yuè cháng

rì yuè cháng: the days and months are long.日月长：日子过得很漫长。

人寰rén huán

rén huán: the human world.人寰：人间。

尘雾chén wù

chén wù: dust and mist.尘雾：尘土和雾气。

唯将wéi jiāng

wéi jiāng: can only take.唯将：只拿。

旧物jiù wù

jiù wù: old things; the keepsakes the emperor once gave her.旧物：从前的东西，指当年皇帝送给她的信物。

表biǎo

biǎo: to show, to express.表：表达。

钿合diàn hé

diàn hé: a jewelry box inlaid with gold and gems. Hé here means a box.钿合：用金银宝石镶嵌的首饰盒。合，同“盒”。

寄将去jì jiāng qù

jì jiāng qù: to send back with someone. Jiāng here adds no meaning of its own.寄将去：托人带回去。将，没有实际意思的助词。

一股yì gǔ

yī gǔ: a hairpin has two prongs; she keeps one.一股：钗有两股，留下其中一股。

一扇yí shàn

yī shàn: the box has a lid and a base; she keeps one half.一扇：盒子有上下两半，留下其中一半。

擘bò

bò: to break apart.擘：掰开，分开。

合分钿hé fēn diàn

hé fēn diàn: the inlaid box is split in two.合分钿：把镶嵌宝石的盒子分开。

但教dàn jiāo

dàn jiāo: as long as.但教：只要让。

金钿坚jīn diàn jiān

jīn diàn jiān: as firm as gold and inlay.金钿坚：像金子和宝钿一样坚固。

会相见huì xiāng jiàn

huì xiāng jiàn: will surely meet again.会相见：总会再见面。

殷勤yīn qín

yīn qín: earnestly, with deep feeling.殷勤：情意恳切。

重寄词chóng jì cí

chóng jì cí: to send one more message. Chóng means again.重寄词：再托人带一段话。重，再。

誓shì

shì: a vow, a promise sworn.誓：誓言，发誓说的话。

两心知liǎng xīn zhī

liǎng xīn zhī: known only to their two hearts.两心知：只有两个人心里知道。

七月七日qī yuè qī rì

qī yuè qī rì: the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, the Qixi festival, when the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl are said to meet in the sky.七月七日：农历七月初七，七夕节。传说这天牛郎织女在天上相会。

长生殿cháng shēng diàn

cháng shēng diàn: the Hall of Long Life, a hall in the Huaqing Palace.长生殿：华清宫里的一座宫殿。

私语sī yǔ

sī yǔ: whispered words.私语：悄悄话。

比翼鸟bǐ yì niǎo

bǐ yì niǎo: a bird of legend with only one eye and one wing; it can fly only side by side with its mate.比翼鸟：传说中的鸟，每只只有一只眼睛、一只翅膀，必须两只并在一起才能飞。

连理枝lián lǐ zhī

lián lǐ zhī: branches of two trees that have grown into one.连理枝：两棵树的枝干长到了一起。

天长地久tiān cháng dì jiǔ

tiān cháng dì jiǔ: as lasting as heaven and earth.天长地久：天和地存在得那么长久。

有时尽yǒu shí jìn

yǒu shí jìn: will still one day come to an end.有时尽：也有结束的时候。

恨hèn

hèn: sorrow, regret. It does not mean hatred here.恨：遗憾、伤心。不是“仇恨”的意思。

绵绵mián mián

mián mián: going on and on without a break.绵绵：连绵不断。

无绝期wú jué qī

wú jué qī: with no end.无绝期：没有尽头。

How to read it读音

重zhòng

zhòng: to value. Not chóng. Both zhòng in line 26, "not prizing sons but prizing daughters", are read the same way.重：读 zhòng，看重的意思。不读 chóng。第二十六句“不重生男重生女”的两个“重”也读 zhòng。

朝cháo

In zǎo cháo, "early court", it is read cháo, to hold court. In yī zhāo, "one day", and zhāo zhāo mù mù, "every morning and evening", it is read zhāo.“早朝”的“朝”读 cháo，指上朝。“一朝”“朝朝暮暮”的“朝”读 zhāo，指早晨或一天。

乘shèng

shèng: a noun here, one chariot.乘：读 shèng，这里是名词，一辆车叫一乘。

骑qí

qí: today it is always read qí. In old usage, as a noun meaning a rider and horse, it was read jì, and some books still give jì.骑：现在统一读 qí。古代当名词“一人一马”讲时读 jì，有的书仍注 jì。

薄bó

bó: in rì sè bó it is read bó, meaning faint, weak.薄：在“日色薄”里读 bó，暗淡、微弱的意思。

监jiàn

jiàn: ā jiàn is a woman official of the palace.监：读 jiàn。“阿监”是宫中的女官。

思sī

sī: read sī today. In old usage, as a noun meaning thoughts or sorrow, it could be read sì.思：现在读 sī。古时当名词“心思、愁思”讲可读 sì。

挑tiǎo

tiǎo: to pick up the lamp wick.挑：读 tiǎo，把灯芯挑起来。

教jiāo

jiāo: to make, to let. It is read the same in zhuǎn jiāo and dàn jiāo.教：读 jiāo，“让、使”的意思。“转教”“但教”的“教”也读 jiāo。

参cēn

cēn cī: here it means almost, about the same.参差：读 cēn cī，这里是“差不多”的意思。

觉jué

jué: to wake up. Some read it jiào.觉：读 jué，睡醒的意思。一说读 jiào。

干gān

lán gān: tears running in streaks.阑干：读 lán gān，泪水纵横的样子。

合hé

hé: here it means a box.合：读 hé，同“盒”，盒子。

擘bò

bò: to break apart.擘：读 bò，掰开的意思。

重chóng

chóng: once more.重：读 chóng，再一次的意思。

为wéi

wéi: to be, to become.为：读 wéi，做、成为的意思。

Background创作背景

The poet作者

The mood意境