zhè鹧gū鸪tiān天·dài代rén人fù赋

The title means "written on someone's behalf". The lyric speaks in the voice of a woman missing someone far away. We do not know the year; it is usually placed in the years when Xin Qiji, out of office, lived in Jiangxi. One view says that through the woman's sorrow at parting, the poet also hints at his own feelings.

题目“代人赋”，意思是替别人写的，词里用一位女子的口吻写她对远方的人的思念。写作年代不清楚，一般认为是辛弃疾罢官闲居江西时期的作品。一说词人借女子的离愁，也寄托了自己的心事。

Xin Qiji (1140–1207), also called Jiaxuan, was a great Southern Song poet. He was born in the north, which the Jin had taken. As a young man he joined an uprising against the Jin and then came south to the Song. He wanted with all his heart to win back the north, but he was seldom given real power. From middle age he was dismissed again and again, and lived for many years in the Jiangxi countryside. Most of his lyrics are bold and strong, but some are soft and delicate.

辛弃疾（1140—1207），字幼安，号稼轩，南宋大词人。他出生在被金国占领的北方，年轻时参加抗金起义，后来回到南宋。他一心想收复北方，却长期得不到重用，中年以后多次被罢官，在江西乡下闲住了很多年。他的词豪放有力，也有写得很细腻温柔的。

The first two lines set sadness beside softness. The evening sun and cold crows are sad, but the green willow pond is gentle. The lovely spring view only makes her sadder. The next two lines are the most famous: if there were no partings in the world, no one would grow white-haired from sorrow. It is a very plain thought, yet it speaks for many people. The second half shows her: heartbroken and in tears, she climbs the red tower again and again to look into the distance. She knows the hills have blocked the view long ago and she will see nothing. Still she cannot stop leaning on the railing to look. To keep doing something you know is useless is the deepest kind of longing.

开头两句一愁一柔：夕阳寒鸦让人发愁，柳塘新绿却很温柔。美好的春景反而让人更难过。接下来两句是全词最有名的：如果世上没有离别，人就不会愁白了头。这是一句很朴素的话，却说出了很多人的心声。下片写她的样子：肠断、泪流，一次次登上红楼远望。最后她自己也知道，青山早把视线挡住了，什么也看不见，可还是忍不住倚着栏杆看。明知没用还要去做，这才是最深的相思。