No. 55 · Tang poem · seven-character old-style song第 55 首 · 唐诗 · 七言古诗（歌行）

xuān宣zhōu州xiè谢tiǎo朓lóu楼jiàn饯bié别jiào校shū书shū叔yún云

lǐ李bái白Li Bai · Tang唐

Farewell to Uncle Yun, the Collator, at Xie Tiao's Tower in Xuanzhou

qì弃wǒ我qù去zhě者

zuó昨rì日zhī之rì日bù不kě可liú留

luàn乱wǒ我xīn心zhě者

jīn今rì日zhī之rì日duō多fán烦yōu忧

cháng长fēng风wàn万lǐ里sòng送qiū秋yàn雁

duì对cǐ此kě可yǐ以hān酣gāo高lóu楼

péng蓬lái莱wén文zhāng章jiàn建ān安gǔ骨

zhōng中jiān间xiǎo小xiè谢yòu又qīng清fā发

jù俱huái怀yì逸xìng兴zhuàng壮sī思fēi飞

yù欲shàng上qīng青tiān天lǎn览míng明yuè月

chōu抽dāo刀duàn断shuǐ水shuǐ水gèng更liú流

jǔ举bēi杯xiāo销chóu愁chóu愁gèng更chóu愁

rén人shēng生zài在shì世bú不chèn称yì意

míng明zhāo朝sàn散fà发nòng弄piān扁zhōu舟

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus text has "sun and moon" in line ten, while the usual and textbook text has "bright moon"; this page follows the latter. The corpus also prints the first two long lines as single lines; here each is split into its two parts.

原始文本第十句作“欲上青天览日月”，通行本和课本多作“览明月”，这里用“明月”。原始文本把开头两句写成一行，这里按句子拆成四行。

Line by line逐句翻译

弃我去者What has left me behind,离我而去的，
昨日之日不可留is the days of yesterday, which can never be held back;是昨天的日子，再也留不住；
乱我心者what troubles my heart,扰乱我心的，
今日之日多烦忧is the days of today, so full of worries.是今天的日子，有太多烦恼。
长风万里送秋雁A long wind from ten thousand miles away sends the autumn geese south;万里长风吹送着南飞的秋雁，
对此可以酣高楼facing this, we can drink our fill up in the tall tower.面对这样的景色，正好在高楼上痛饮。
蓬莱文章建安骨Your writing has the grandeur of the Han and the strength of the Jian'an poets,你的文章有汉代的气象和建安的风骨，
中间小谢又清发and I, like Little Xie in between, write with fresh, bright talent.我就像中间的小谢一样清新俊逸。
俱怀逸兴壮思飞We both carry soaring spirits and bold thoughts that fly,我们都怀着豪迈的兴致，雄心飞扬，
欲上青天览明月wanting to climb the blue sky and pluck down the bright moon.想要飞上青天去摘下明月。
抽刀断水水更流Draw a knife to cut the water, and the water flows on even faster;拔刀砍断流水，水却流得更急；
举杯销愁愁更愁raise a cup to drown my sorrow, and the sorrow only grows.举杯想消除忧愁，忧愁却更多了。
人生在世不称意Living in this world, things never go the way I wish,人活在世上，总是不能称心如意，
明朝散发弄扁舟so tomorrow I will let down my hair and sail away in a little boat.不如明天就披散头发，驾一叶小船漂游江湖。

Words字词注释

弃我去者qì wǒ qù zhě: qì wǒ qù zhě: what has left me behind, that is, the days that are gone. Qì means to throw away or leave behind.弃我去者：离我而去的，指过去的日子。弃，丢下、抛开。
昨日之日zuó rì zhī rì: zuó rì zhī rì: the days of yesterday, meaning all the time that has passed.昨日之日：昨天的那些日子，泛指过去的时光。
乱我心者luàn wǒ xīn zhě: luàn wǒ xīn zhě: what troubles my heart, that is, today's worries.乱我心者：扰乱我心情的，指眼前的烦恼。
烦忧fán yōu: fán yōu: worry and sorrow.烦忧：烦恼和忧愁。
长风cháng fēng: cháng fēng: a strong wind blowing from far away.长风：从远处吹来、很有力量的大风。
秋雁qiū yàn: qiū yàn: wild geese flying south in autumn.秋雁：秋天往南飞的大雁。
对此duì cǐ: duì cǐ: facing this view.对此：面对这样的景色。
酣高楼hān gāo lóu: hān gāo lóu: to drink to one's heart's content up in the tall tower. Hān means drinking happily and fully.酣高楼：在高楼上痛快地喝酒。酣，喝酒喝得很畅快。
蓬莱文章péng lái wén zhāng: péng lái wén zhāng: Penglai is a fairy mountain in the sea from old legends. In the Eastern Han dynasty, the court's library was compared to Penglai. Here it praises the writing of Li Yun, who worked as a collator of books, and also means the fine writing of the Han dynasty.蓬莱文章：蓬莱，传说中海上的仙山。东汉时，朝廷藏书的地方被人比作蓬莱山。这里用“蓬莱文章”称赞李云（他是管理图书的校书郎）的文章，也指汉代的好文章。
建安骨jiàn ān gǔ: jiàn ān gǔ: the Jian'an spirit. Jian'an was a reign period at the end of the Eastern Han. The poems of Cao Cao, his sons and their friends from that time were strong and lively, and people called this the Jian'an spirit.建安骨：建安风骨。建安是东汉末年的年号，那时曹操父子等人的诗文刚健有力，被称为“建安风骨”。
中间zhōng jiān: zhōng jiān: the time in between, from Jian'an down to the Tang.中间：指从建安到唐代中间的这段时间。
小谢xiǎo xiè: xiǎo xiè: Xie Tiao, a poet of the Southern Dynasties. People called him Little Xie and the earlier poet Xie Lingyun Big Xie. Li Bai loved his poems.小谢：南朝诗人谢朓。人们把他和更早的谢灵运并称“大谢、小谢”。李白很喜欢他的诗。
清发qīng fā: qīng fā: fresh, clear and full of talent.清发：清新秀美，才气焕发。
俱怀jù huái: jù huái: both of us hold.俱怀：两个人都怀着。
逸兴yì xìng: yì xìng: high spirits that soar beyond the ordinary.逸兴：超出平常、无拘无束的兴致。
壮思zhuàng sī: zhuàng sī: bold thoughts and big ambitions.壮思：雄壮的想法、宏大的志向。
览lǎn: lǎn: here it means to reach out and grab.览：通“揽”，伸手摘取。
更gèng: gèng: even more.更：更加。
销愁xiāo chóu: xiāo chóu: to get rid of sorrow.销愁：消除忧愁。销，同“消”。
不称意bú chèn yì: bù chèn yì: things not going the way one wants. Chèn means to match or suit.不称意：不如意，不顺心。称，相合、符合。
明朝míng zhāo: míng zhāo: tomorrow morning, or some day soon.明朝：明天早上，也泛指以后。
散发sàn fà: sàn fà: letting one's hair down. Officials in old times tied up their hair under a cap, so loose hair means giving up office and living freely.散发：披散着头发，不再戴官帽、束发髻。古人做官要束发戴冠，散发表示不做官、自由自在。
弄扁舟nòng piān zhōu: nòng piān zhōu: to sail off in a little boat, meaning to go and live a hidden, free life. Piān zhōu means a small boat.弄扁舟：驾着小船去江湖上漂游，指去隐居。扁舟，小船。

How to read it读音

长cháng: In cháng fēng the character reads cháng, meaning long or far-reaching, not zhǎng.长风：读 cháng，意思是远方吹来的大风，不读 zhǎng。
兴xìng: In yì xìng it reads xìng, meaning mood or high spirits.逸兴：读 xìng，意思是兴致、兴趣。
思sī: Today it is read sī. In old times, when it was a noun meaning thought, it was read sì.壮思：现在读 sī。古时候“思”当名词（想法）用时读去声 sì。
称chèn: In chèn yì it reads chèn, meaning to suit one's wishes, as in chèn xīn.称意：读 chèn，意思是合乎心意，同“称心”。
朝zhāo: In míng zhāo it reads zhāo, meaning morning.明朝：读 zhāo，意思是早上。
发fà: Here it means hair, so it reads fà.散发：这里是头发，读 fà。
扁piān: In piān zhōu it reads piān, meaning a small boat, not biǎn.扁舟：读 piān，指小船，不读 biǎn。

Background创作背景

This poem is usually dated to an autumn near the end of Emperor Xuanzong's Tianbao years, by one account 753. Li Bai had left the capital Chang'an years before and was wandering around Xuanzhou, today's Xuancheng in Anhui. Xie Tiao's Tower was built by the poet Xie Tiao when he governed the town. In this tower Li Bai held a farewell feast for a relative, his uncle Li Yun, who had worked as a collator, an official who looked after and checked the court's books. The title is debated; one account says the poem was first called "Song of Climbing the Tower with Uncle Hua, the Censor".

一般认为，这首诗写于唐玄宗天宝末年（一说天宝十二载，753年）的秋天。那时李白离开长安已经好几年，在宣州（今安徽宣城）漂泊。谢朓楼是南朝诗人谢朓做宣城太守时建的楼。李白在这座楼上设宴，为族叔李云送行。李云当时做过校书郎，就是管理和校对朝廷图书的官。诗题有不同的说法，一说这首诗原题是《陪侍御叔华登楼歌》。

The poet作者

Li Bai (701–762) was a great Tang poet, called the Immortal of Poetry. He was very gifted and wanted to do great things for his country. He was once called to the capital, but was pushed out in less than two years. He felt deeply wronged, yet always spoke of it in a bold, free way. He loved Xie Tiao's poems and often climbed his tower in Xuancheng.

李白（701—762），唐代大诗人，人称“诗仙”。他很有才华，想为国家做大事，曾被召到长安，但不到两年就被赶了出来。他心里有很多不平，却总是用豪放的方式说出来。他特别喜欢谢朓，到了宣城常登谢朓楼。

The mood意境

The mood of this poem is like a roller coaster. The first two lines are long, like a shout: the past cannot be kept, and today is full of worries. Then it suddenly turns. A long wind carries the autumn geese away, the sky opens wide, and the heart flies up. The two men talk about writing and dreams, and their spirits grow so big they want to pluck the moon from the sky. But back on earth, the sorrow rushes in again. "Cut the water with a knife and it flows faster" is an easy picture to grasp: the harder you try to chop your sorrow off, the harder it flows. At the end Li Bai says: since life will not go my way, I will let my hair down and row away. The sorrow is deep, but his spirit stays free.

这首诗的心情像坐过山车。开头两句很长，像一声大叫：过去的留不住，今天的又全是烦恼。接着突然一转，万里长风送走秋雁，天地开阔，心情一下子飞了起来，两人谈文章，谈理想，豪情大到想去天上摘月亮。可是一落回现实，愁又涌上来。“抽刀断水水更流”是个特别好懂的比喻：你越想把愁砍断，它流得越凶。最后李白说，既然不如意，就散开头发，划小船走吧。愁很深，但他的态度始终是放得开的。