No. 48 · Tang poem · seven-character regulated verse第 48 首 · 唐诗 · 七言律诗

wén闻guān官jūn军shōu收hé河nán南hé河běi北

dù杜fǔ甫Du Fu · Tang唐

Hearing That the Imperial Army Has Taken Back Henan and Hebei

jiàn剑wài外hū忽chuán传shōu收jì蓟běi北

chū初wén闻tì涕lèi泪mǎn满yī衣cháng裳

què却kàn看qī妻zǐ子chóu愁hé何zài在

màn漫juǎn卷shī诗shū书xǐ喜yù欲kuáng狂

bái白rì日fàng放gē歌xū须zòng纵jiǔ酒

qīng青chūn春zuò作bàn伴hǎo好huán还xiāng乡

jí即cóng从bā巴xiá峡chuān穿wū巫xiá峡

biàn便xià下xiāng襄yáng阳xiàng向luò洛yáng阳

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

In line one, the old source writes jiàn (sword) with a rarer variant form of the same character. Textbooks use the standard form. The meaning is the same.

第一句的“剑”，这里的古籍底本写作“劒”，是“剑”的另一种写法，意思一样。课本用“剑”。

Line by line逐句翻译

剑外忽传收蓟北Beyond Sword Pass comes sudden news: the army has taken back the north!在剑门关外，忽然听说官军收复了蓟北，
初闻涕泪满衣裳When I first hear it, my tears soak my clothes.刚听到时，眼泪就流下来，沾满了衣裳。
却看妻子愁何在I turn to my wife and children; where has all their worry gone?回头看看妻子和孩子，脸上哪里还有一点愁容？
漫卷诗书喜欲狂I roll up my books any old way, wild with joy.我胡乱卷起诗书，高兴得快要发狂。
白日放歌须纵酒In broad daylight I must sing out loud and drink my fill;大白天里，要放声唱歌，痛快喝酒，
青春作伴好还乡with green spring for company, it is the perfect time to go home.有明媚的春光做伴，正好回到家乡。
即从巴峡穿巫峡At once I will sail from Ba Gorge through Wu Gorge,马上就从巴峡出发，穿过巫峡，
便下襄阳向洛阳then down to Xiangyang, and on to Luoyang.然后到襄阳，再直奔洛阳。

Words字词注释

剑外jiàn wài: jiàn wài: south of Jianmen Pass, meaning the Sichuan area, where Du Fu was living.剑外：剑门关以南，指四川一带。杜甫当时住在这里。
蓟北jì běi: jì běi: the northern part of today's Hebei, the rebels' home base.蓟北：今天河北北部一带，是叛军的老巢。
涕泪tì lèi: tì lèi: tears.涕泪：眼泪。
却看què kàn: què kàn: turning to look.却看：回过头看。
妻子qī zǐ: qī zǐ: wife and children.妻子：妻子和孩子。
愁何在chóu hé zài: chóu hé zài: where has the worry gone? That is, not a trace of worry is left.愁何在：愁到哪里去了？意思是一点忧愁也没有了。
漫卷màn juǎn: màn juǎn: rolling things up any old way, in a hurry.漫卷：随手胡乱地卷起来。
喜欲狂xǐ yù kuáng: xǐ yù kuáng: so happy he is almost wild.喜欲狂：高兴得快要发狂了。
放歌fàng gē: fàng gē: singing out loud.放歌：放开喉咙大声唱歌。
须xū: xū: should.须：应当。
纵酒zòng jiǔ: zòng jiǔ: drinking freely.纵酒：尽情地喝酒。
青春qīng chūn: qīng chūn: the green of spring, the lovely spring scenery.青春：春天的美丽景色。
作伴zuò bàn: zuò bàn: keeping me company.作伴：和我做伴。
即jí: jí: at once.即：立刻。
巴峡bā xiá: bā xiá: gorges in the eastern part of Sichuan.巴峡：四川东部一带的峡谷。
巫峡wū xiá: wū xiá: one of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze.巫峡：长江三峡之一。
便biàn: biàn: then.便：就。
襄阳xiāng yáng: xiāng yáng: today's Xiangyang in Hubei.襄阳：今天湖北襄阳。
洛阳luò yáng: luò yáng: today's Luoyang in Henan. Du Fu's family home was near Luoyang.洛阳：今天河南洛阳。杜甫的老家就在洛阳附近。

How to read it读音

裳cháng: In everyday speech yī shang is said with a light tone. In this poem textbooks mark it cháng, because it is a rhyme word and rhymes with kuáng, xiāng and yáng.“衣裳”平时读 yī shang。这首诗里课本注音为 cháng，因为它在押韵的位置，和“狂、乡、阳”押韵。
子zǐ: Here qī zǐ means "wife and children", so zǐ keeps its full tone.“妻子”在这里是“妻子和孩子”，“子”读 zǐ，不读轻声。
卷juǎn: Here it means to roll up, so it is read juǎn.“卷”是“把东西卷起来”，读 juǎn。
还huán: Here it means to return home, so it is read huán, not hái.“还乡”是回到家乡，读 huán，不读 hái。

Background创作背景

The An Lushan Rebellion was a great war in the middle of the Tang dynasty. It lasted eight years, from 755 to 763. In the spring of 763 the rebel leader Shi Chaoyi was defeated and killed himself. The imperial army took back the lands of Henan and Hebei, and the war was finally over. Du Fu was then living far from home in Zizhou, today's Santai in Sichuan. When he heard the good news, he was overjoyed and wrote this poem at once.

安史之乱是唐朝中期一场长达八年的大战乱，从755年打到763年。唐代宗广德元年（763年）春天，叛军首领史朝义兵败自杀，官军收复了河南、河北，战乱终于结束。这时杜甫流落在梓州（今四川三台），听到这个好消息，高兴极了，马上写下了这首诗。

The poet作者

Du Fu (712–770) was a great Tang poet, called the Sage of Poetry. He lived through the An Lushan Rebellion, and his family fled from place to place and suffered a great deal. Most of his poems are heavy and sad, but this one is full of joy. A Qing dynasty scholar called it the happiest poem Du Fu ever wrote.

杜甫（712—770），唐代大诗人，被称为“诗圣”。他亲身经历了安史之乱，一家人四处逃难，吃了很多苦。他的诗大多沉重悲伤，这首却非常欢快。清代有人称它是杜甫“生平第一首快诗”。

The mood意境

This poem is about joy. The news comes suddenly, but the poet's first response is tears. Eight years of suffering are over at last; he cries because he is so happy. Then he sees his family smiling, and he rolls up his books in a mad rush, almost wild with joy. He wants to sing, to drink, and to ride the spring back home. The last two lines are like a route map: Ba Gorge, Wu Gorge, Xiangyang, Luoyang. Four place names come in one breath, as if the boat is already racing downstream and he is home. It reads fast and loud, and makes the reader happy too.

这首诗写的是“喜”。消息来得突然，诗人第一反应却是流泪，因为八年的苦难终于结束了，这是喜极而泣。接着看到家人也满脸笑容，自己乱卷诗书，高兴得要发狂。然后想唱歌、想喝酒，想趁着春光回家。最后两句像一张路线图：巴峡、巫峡、襄阳、洛阳，四个地名一口气连下来，好像船已经顺流而下，飞快地到了家乡。读起来又快又响，让人也跟着高兴起来。