Tang poem · song in the old style, mostly seven characters a line唐诗 · 七言歌行（古体诗）

máo茅wū屋wèi为qiū秋fēng风suǒ所pò破gē歌

dù杜fǔ甫Du Fu · Tang唐

Song of My Thatched Hut Torn Apart by the Autumn Wind

bā八yuè月qiū秋gāo高fēng风nù怒háo号

juǎn卷wǒ我wū屋shàng上sān三chóng重máo茅

máo茅fēi飞dù渡jiāng江sǎ洒jiāng江jiāo郊

gāo高zhě者guà挂juàn罥cháng长lín林shāo梢

xià下zhě者piāo飘zhuǎn转chén沉táng塘ào坳

nán南cūn村qún群tóng童qī欺wǒ我lǎo老wú无lì力

rěn忍néng能duì对miàn面wéi为dào盗zéi贼

gōng公rán然bào抱máo茅rù入zhú竹qù去

chún唇jiāo焦kǒu口zào燥hū呼bù不dé得

guī归lái来yǐ倚zhàng杖zì自tàn叹xī息

é俄qǐng顷fēng风dìng定yún云mò墨sè色

qiū秋tiān天mò漠mò漠xiàng向hūn昏hēi黑

bù布qīn衾duō多nián年lěng冷sì似tiě铁

jiāo娇ér儿è恶wò卧tà踏lǐ里liè裂

chuáng床tóu头wū屋lòu漏wú无gān干chù处

yǔ雨jiǎo脚rú如má麻wèi未duàn断jué绝

zì自jīng经sāng丧luàn乱shǎo少shuì睡mián眠

cháng长yè夜zhān沾shī湿hé何yóu由chè彻

ān安dé得guǎng广shà厦qiān千wàn万jiān间

dà大bì庇tiān天xià下hán寒shì士jù俱huān欢yán颜

fēng风yǔ雨bú不dòng动ān安rú如shān山

wū呜hū呼

hé何shí时yǎn眼qián前tū突wù兀xiàn见cǐ此wū屋

wú吾lú庐dú独pò破shòu受dòng冻sǐ死yì亦zú足

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

This follows the text in today's national school textbook. Some old editions differ in a few places: du (to cross) is written with a different character, chen (to sink) and cun (village) use old forms, yi zhang (lean on a staff) has a look-alike character, jiao er (dear child) is written with a character meaning 'spoiled child', and chuang tou (by the bed) appears as chuang chuang (bed after bed). The old forms of du, chen and cun meant the same thing.

这里用的是现在统编版语文课本的文字。古籍本子有几处字不一样：“渡江”作“度江”，“沉塘坳”作“沈塘坳”，“南村”作“南邨”，“倚杖”作“倚仗”，“娇儿”作“骄儿”，“床头屋漏”作“床床屋漏”。“度”和“渡”、“沈”和“沉”、“邨”和“村”在古代是相通的写法，意思一样。

Line by line逐句翻译

八月秋高风怒号In the eighth month the autumn sky is high, and the wind howls in anger.八月秋高气爽，狂风呼呼地怒吼，
卷我屋上三重茅It rips off the layers of thatch from my roof.把我屋顶上好几层茅草都卷走了。
茅飞渡江洒江郊The thatch flies across the river and scatters on the far bank.茅草飞过江去，散落在江边的野地上。
高者挂罥长林梢The high pieces get tangled in the tops of tall trees.飞得高的，缠挂在高高的树梢上；
下者飘转沉塘坳The low ones spin down and sink into the ponds.飞得低的，打着转沉进了水塘里。
南村群童欺我老无力A crowd of boys from the south village pick on me, because I am old and weak.南村的一群孩子欺负我年老没力气，
忍能对面为盗贼Right in front of me, they act like thieves.竟然忍心当着我的面做起贼来。
公然抱茅入竹去Openly they grab the thatch and run off into the bamboo.明目张胆地抱着茅草跑进竹林里去了。
唇焦口燥呼不得I shout until my lips crack and my mouth is dry, but it does no good.我喊得嘴唇干裂、口干舌燥，也喊不住他们，
归来倚杖自叹息I come back home, lean on my stick, and sigh to myself.只好回到家，拄着拐杖独自叹气。
俄顷风定云墨色Soon the wind stops, and the clouds turn black as ink.不一会儿风停了，云黑得像墨一样，
秋天漠漠向昏黑The autumn sky grows dim and slowly turns dark.秋天的天空灰蒙蒙的，渐渐黑了下来。
布衾多年冷似铁My cloth quilt, used for years, is cold and hard as iron.盖了多年的布被子又冷又硬，像铁一样，
娇儿恶卧踏里裂My dear child sleeps badly and has kicked a hole in the lining.孩子睡相不好，把被里蹬破了。
床头屋漏无干处The roof leaks above the bed, and not one spot is dry.床头屋顶漏雨，没有一块干的地方，
雨脚如麻未断绝The rain falls thick as hemp threads and never stops.雨点像麻线一样密，一直下个不停。
自经丧乱少睡眠Since the war and its chaos, I have hardly been able to sleep.自从经历战乱，我就很少能睡好觉，
长夜沾湿何由彻Soaked through on this long night, how can I last until dawn?这漫漫长夜浑身湿透，怎样才能熬到天亮！
安得广厦千万间Oh, if only I could have a million big, roomy houses,怎样才能得到千万间宽敞的大房子，
大庇天下寒士俱欢颜to shelter all the poor scholars in the world and make them all smile,把天下的穷苦读书人都庇护起来，让他们都开开心心，
风雨不动安如山houses that stand firm as mountains, not shaken by wind or rain!任凭风吹雨打，房子都像山一样安稳！
呜呼Ah!唉！
何时眼前突兀见此屋When will such tall houses rise up before my eyes?什么时候眼前能出现这样高高的房子，
吾庐独破受冻死亦足Then even if only my hut were broken, and I froze to death, I would be content!就算只有我的茅屋破了，我被冻死，也心甘情愿！

Words字词注释

秋高qiū gāo: qiū gāo: in autumn the sky looks high and far away.秋高：秋天天空又高又远。
怒号nù háo: nù háo: to roar with anger. Here the wind howls loudly.怒号：大声吼叫。这里形容风刮得很猛，呼呼作响。
三重茅sān chóng máo: sān chóng máo: several layers of thatch. Máo is long grass that was used to cover roofs.三重茅：好几层茅草。三重，几层，不一定正好三层。茅，茅草，一种长长的野草，可以用来盖屋顶。
洒江郊sǎ jiāng jiāo: sǎ jiāng jiāo: scattered on the open land along the river.洒江郊：散落在江对岸的野地上。郊，野外。
挂罥guà juàn: guà juàn: to hang and get tangled. Juàn means to get caught on something.挂罥：挂着、缠绕着。罥，缠住、挂住。
长林梢cháng lín shāo: cháng lín shāo: the tips of the tall trees.长林梢：高高的树林的树梢上。
飘转piāo zhuǎn: piāo zhuǎn: to float and spin in the air.飘转：在空中打着转飘落。
塘坳táng ào: táng ào: a low wet place, like a pond or a puddle.塘坳：低洼积水的地方，像水坑、池塘。坳，低洼的地方。
忍能rěn néng: rěn néng: could bear to, had the heart to.忍能：竟然忍心这样。
对面duì miàn: duì miàn: right in front of me.对面：当着面。
公然gōng rán: gōng rán: openly, without hiding it.公然：毫不掩饰地，明目张胆地。
入竹去rù zhú qù: rù zhú qù: ran off into the bamboo grove.入竹去：跑进竹林里去了。
唇焦口燥chún jiāo kǒu zào: chún jiāo kǒu zào: lips cracked, mouth dry.唇焦口燥：嘴唇干裂，口干舌燥。
呼不得hū bù dé: hū bù dé: shouting did no good.呼不得：喊也喊不住。
倚杖yǐ zhàng: yǐ zhàng: leaning on a walking stick.倚杖：拄着拐杖。
俄顷é qǐng: é qǐng: a moment later.俄顷：一会儿，不久。
云墨色yún mò sè: yún mò sè: the clouds turned black as ink.云墨色：云变得像墨一样黑。
漠漠mò mò: mò mò: grey and dim, everywhere the same.漠漠：灰蒙蒙的，一片昏暗。
向昏黑xiàng hūn hēi: xiàng hūn hēi: growing dark. Xiàng means getting close to.向昏黑：渐渐黑下来。向，接近、快要。
布衾bù qīn: bù qīn: a cloth quilt. Qīn means quilt.布衾：布做的被子。衾，被子。
娇儿jiāo ér: jiāo ér: my dear child.娇儿：心爱的孩子。
恶卧è wò: è wò: sleeping badly, kicking about.恶卧：睡相不好，乱蹬乱踢。
踏里裂tà lǐ liè: tà lǐ liè: kicked a hole in the lining. Lǐ is the inside layer of the quilt.踏里裂：把被子里子蹬破了。里，被子的里子，贴着身体的那一面。
屋漏wū lòu: wū lòu: the roof leaks.屋漏：屋顶漏雨。
无干处wú gān chù: wú gān chù: not one dry spot.无干处：没有一块干的地方。
雨脚yǔ jiǎo: yǔ jiǎo: the rain's feet, the streaks of rain hitting the ground.雨脚：落到地面的雨点，一条条像脚一样。
如麻rú má: rú má: thick and close like strands of hemp thread.如麻：像一根根麻线那样又密又长。
丧乱sāng luàn: sāng luàn: death and chaos from war. Here it means the An Lushan Rebellion.丧乱：战乱带来的死亡和流离。这里指安史之乱。
沾湿zhān shī: zhān shī: soaked by the rain.沾湿：被雨淋湿。
何由彻hé yóu chè: hé yóu chè: how can I get through to dawn? Chè means to the end.何由彻：怎样才能熬到天亮。彻，到头，这里指到天亮。
安得ān dé: ān dé: how could I get.安得：怎么能得到。
广厦guǎng shà: guǎng shà: big, roomy houses.广厦：宽大的房子。
大庇dà bì: dà bì: to shelter all of them. Bì means to cover and protect.大庇：全都遮住、保护起来。庇，遮蔽、保护。
寒士hán shì: hán shì: poor scholars, and more widely, all poor people.寒士：贫穷的读书人。这里也泛指天下的穷苦人。
俱欢颜jù huān yán: jù huān yán: all with happy faces. Jù means all.俱欢颜：全都开心地笑。俱，都。
呜呼wū hū: wū hū: a sigh, like 'Ah!' or 'Alas!'呜呼：表示感叹的声音，相当于“唉”。
突兀tū wù: tū wù: standing tall and high.突兀：高高耸立的样子。
吾庐wú lú: wú lú: my hut. Lú is a simple house.吾庐：我的茅屋。庐，简陋的房子。
亦足yì zú: yì zú: I would still be content.亦足：也心甘情愿。足，满足。

How to read it读音

号háo: hào is the usual reading, but here it is háo: to howl, to roar.号：这里读 háo，大声叫、呼啸。不读 hào。
重chóng: Read chóng here, meaning a layer. Not zhòng (heavy).重：这里读 chóng，表示“层”。三重茅就是三层茅草。
坳ào: The textbook reads ào. Some older dictionaries give āo.坳：课本读 ào。有的旧字典注 āo。
为wéi: Read wéi here: to act as, to be.为：读 wéi，意思是“做”。为盗贼就是做强盗、小偷。
丧sāng: Read sāng here, as in sāng luàn, the death and chaos of war.丧：读 sāng。丧乱指战乱、死亡和流离的苦难。不读 sàng。
见xiàn: Here this character stands for xiàn, to appear, so it is read xiàn, not jiàn.见：同“现”，读 xiàn，出现的意思。

Background创作背景

At the end of 759, Du Fu came to Chengdu to escape the An Lushan Rebellion, a long civil war. The next spring, with help from friends, he built a thatched hut by the Huanhua Stream west of the city. It later became the famous Du Fu Thatched Cottage. In the eighth month of 761, a strong wind tore the roof apart, and then heavy rain fell all night. Du Fu's family was cold and wet and could not sleep. He wrote this poem about that night.

唐肃宗乾元二年（759年）年底，杜甫为了躲避安史之乱，来到成都。第二年春天，在朋友的帮助下，他在城西浣花溪边盖了一座茅草屋，就是后来有名的“杜甫草堂”。上元二年（761年）八月，一场大风刮破了茅屋，接着又下了一夜大雨。杜甫一家又冷又湿，一夜没睡。他写下这首诗，记下了这一夜。

The poet作者

Du Fu (712–770) was one of the greatest Tang poets, called the Sage of Poetry. He lived through the time when the Tang dynasty fell from wealth into war. He was poor and moved from place to place all his life. His poems show the suffering of ordinary people, so they are called 'history in poems'. In this poem he is suffering himself, yet he thinks of all the poor people in the world.

杜甫（712—770），字子美，唐代伟大的诗人，被称为“诗圣”。他经历了唐朝从繁荣走向战乱的过程，一生贫困，到处漂泊。他的诗写了很多百姓的苦难，被称为“诗史”，意思是用诗写成的历史。这首诗里，他自己受苦，心里想的却是天下的穷人。

The mood意境

This poem is like a short film in four scenes. Scene one: a great wind blows the thatch off the roof. It flies over the river, catches in trees and falls into ponds. Scene two: village boys carry the thatch away. The old man cannot catch them and can only lean on his stick and sigh. Scene three: night falls and heavy rain comes. The quilt is cold and torn, water leaks everywhere, and the family waits through the long night. The first three scenes are about his own pain. In scene four, the poet suddenly looks away from himself. He thinks of all the poor people who have no home. He wishes for millions of strong houses so everyone could smile. If that came true, he would be willing to freeze to death himself. From one small hut, he thinks of the whole world. That is why Du Fu is called the Sage of Poetry.

这首诗像一部短短的电影，分四幕。第一幕：大风刮跑屋顶的茅草，茅草飞过江，挂在树上，掉进水塘。第二幕：村里的孩子抱走茅草，老人追不上，只能拄着拐杖叹气。第三幕：天黑了，下起大雨，被子又冷又破，屋里到处漏水，一家人熬着长夜。前三幕都是写自己的苦。到了第四幕，诗人忽然把眼光从自己身上移开，想到天下所有没有房子住的穷人。他希望有千万间结实的大房子，让大家都笑起来；只要这样，就算自己冻死也愿意。从一间小茅屋，想到整个天下，这就是杜甫被称为“诗圣”的原因。