Song lyric · ci to the tune Lan Ling Wang, 130 characters in three stanzas宋词 · 词，词牌《兰陵王》，三叠一百三十字

lán兰líng陵wáng王·bǐng丙zǐ子sòng送chūn春

liú刘chén辰wēng翁Liu Chenweng · Song宋

Lan Ling Wang: Seeing Spring Off in the Bingzi Year

sòng送chūn春qù去

chūn春qù去rén人jiān间wú无lù路

qiū秋qiān千wài外

fāng芳cǎo草lián连tiān天

shuí谁qiǎn遣fēng风shā沙àn暗nán南pǔ浦

yī依yī依shèn甚yì意xù绪

màn漫yì忆hǎi海mén门fēi飞xù絮

luàn乱yā鸦guò过

dǒu斗zhuǎn转chéng城huāng荒

bú不jiàn见lái来shí时shì试dēng灯chù处

chūn春qù去

zuì最shuí谁kǔ苦

dàn但jiàn箭yàn雁chén沉biān边

liáng梁yàn燕wú无zhǔ主

dù杜juān鹃shēng声lǐ里cháng长mén门mù暮

xiǎng想yù玉shù树diāo凋tǔ土

lèi泪pán盘rú如lù露

xián咸yáng阳sòng送kè客lǚ屡huí回gù顾

xié斜rì日wèi未néng能dù度

chūn春qù去

shàng尚lái来fǒu否

zhèng正jiāng江lìng令hèn恨bié别

yǔ庾xìn信chóu愁fù赋

sū苏dī堤jìn尽rì日fēng风hé和yǔ雨

tàn叹shén神yóu游gù故guó国

huā花jì记qián前dù度

rén人shēng生liú流luò落

gù顾rú孺zǐ子

gòng共yè夜yǔ语

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The edition used here ends with "together in the night rain". The common text has a word sounding the same, meaning "talking together at night". That word fits the rhyme of the whole ci, and rain has already appeared a few lines earlier, so this page follows the common text.

最后一句，这里用的整理本作“共夜雨”，通行本作“共夜语”，意思是一起在夜里说话。“语”和全词的韵脚相押，前面又已经有“风和雨”，这里照通行本。

Line by line逐句翻译

送春去I see spring off;送春天离去，
春去人间无路spring is gone, and there is no road left for it in this world.春天走了，人间再也没有它的路。
秋千外Beyond the swings秋千外面，
芳草连天the green grass stretches to the sky;芳草一直连到天边，
谁遣风沙暗南浦who sent the wind and sand to darken the southern shore?是谁让风沙遮暗了南边的水岸？
依依甚意绪Clinging, unwilling to part: what is this feeling?恋恋不舍，这是怎样的心情？
漫忆海门飞絮In vain I recall the catkins flying at the river mouth.只能徒然地回想海口上飞舞的柳絮。
乱鸦过Crows fly past in confusion;乌鸦乱飞而过，
斗转城荒the Dipper has turned, the city lies waste,北斗转了方向，城已荒凉，
不见来时试灯处and the place where we tried out the festival lanterns is gone.再也看不见当年元宵前试灯的地方。
春去Spring is gone:春天走了，
最谁苦who suffers most?谁最苦？
但箭雁沉边The wild geese struck by arrows, fallen in the far frontier;是中箭的大雁落在遥远的边地，
梁燕无主the swallows on the beams with no master left.是梁上的燕子没有了主人。
杜鹃声里长门暮Amid the cuckoo's cries, dusk falls on the deserted palace.杜鹃的悲啼里，冷落的宫殿到了黄昏。
想玉树凋土I think of the jade trees of the palace withered into dust,想到宫里的玉树凋落成土，
泪盘如露and the bronze immortal's tears like dew in its plate.铜人的泪水像盘里的露珠。
咸阳送客屡回顾Those sent off down the Xianyang road look back again and again,在咸阳道上被送走的人，一次次回头，
斜日未能度and even the setting sun seems unable to move on.连夕阳也好像停住，走不过去。
春去Spring is gone:春天走了，
尚来否will it ever come again?还会再来吗？
正江令恨别It is like Jiang Yan grieving over parting,就像江淹为离别而写下愁恨，
庾信愁赋like Yu Xin writing his sorrows in the north.就像庾信在北方写下愁苦的赋。
苏堤尽日风和雨On the Su Causeway, wind and rain go on all day.西湖的苏堤上，整天都是风和雨。
叹神游故国Alas, I can return to my homeland only in my mind,可叹我只能在梦里回到故国，
花记前度where the flowers still remember my last visit.那里的花还记得我上次来过。
人生流落In this drifting life,人这一生漂泊流落，
顾孺子I can only look to my child只能看着孩子，
共夜语and talk with him through the night.和他在夜里说说话。

Words字词注释

人间无路rén jiān wú lù: rén jiān wú lù: there is no road left for spring in the human world; it is gone for good.人间无路：人间已经没有春天可走的路了，意思是春天一去不回。
秋千qiū qiān: qiū qiān: a swing. Playing on swings was a favourite spring pastime in old times.秋千：荡秋千是古人春天常玩的游戏。
谁遣shuí qiǎn: shuí qiǎn: who sent, who made. Qiǎn means to send.谁遣：是谁让。遣，派、让。
暗南浦àn nán pǔ: àn nán pǔ: darkening the southern shore. Nán pǔ is a place of farewell in old poems.暗南浦：把南边的水岸弄得昏暗。南浦，古诗里常指送别的地方。
依依yī yī: yī yī: clinging, unwilling to part.依依：舍不得离开的样子。
甚意绪shèn yì xù: shèn yì xù: what kind of feeling. Yì xù means mood, thoughts.甚意绪：是什么样的心情。意绪，心情、心思。
漫忆màn yì: màn yì: to recall, idly and in vain.漫忆：随意地、徒然地回想。
海门飞絮hǎi mén fēi xù: hǎi mén fēi xù: catkins flying at the river mouth. Hǎi mén is where a river meets the sea. Some read it as a hint at two young Song princes who fled south by sea.海门飞絮：海口上飞舞的柳絮。海门，江河入海的地方。一说暗指南宋的两个小王子从海上逃到南方。
乱鸦luàn yā: luàn yā: crows flying and cawing in confusion.乱鸦：乱飞乱叫的乌鸦。
斗转城荒dǒu zhuǎn chéng huāng: dǒu zhuǎn chéng huāng: the Big Dipper has turned and the city lies in ruins, meaning the times have changed and the capital is wrecked.斗转城荒：北斗星转了方向，城也荒了。意思是时势全变了，京城已经残破。
试灯shì dēng: shì dēng: trying out the lanterns before the Lantern Festival.试灯：元宵节前，先把花灯挂起来点一点，试试看。
最谁苦zuì shuí kǔ: zuì shuí kǔ: who suffers most.最谁苦：谁最苦。
箭雁沉边jiàn yàn chén biān: jiàn yàn chén biān: a wild goose struck by an arrow falls in the far frontier. It stands for people carried off to the north.箭雁沉边：被箭射中的大雁，落在遥远的边地。比喻被抓到北方去的人。
梁燕无主liáng yàn wú zhǔ: liáng yàn wú zhǔ: the swallows on the roof beams have lost their master. It stands for people whose homes are gone.梁燕无主：屋梁上的燕子没有了主人。比喻家破人散、无处可依的百姓。
杜鹃dù juān: dù juān: the cuckoo. Legend says an ancient king of Shu became a cuckoo after death, and its call is full of grief.杜鹃：一种鸟。传说古代蜀国的国王死后变成杜鹃，叫声非常悲伤。
长门cháng mén: cháng mén: the Changmen Palace, where Empress Chen lived alone after Emperor Wu of Han lost interest in her. Here it stands for a deserted palace.长门：长门宫，汉武帝的陈皇后失宠后住的冷清宫殿，这里借指冷落的宫廷。
玉树凋土yù shù diāo tǔ: yù shù diāo tǔ: the jade-like trees of the palace wither and fall into the dust.玉树凋土：宫里像玉一样美的树木凋零，落进尘土里。
泪盘如露lèi pán rú lù: lèi pán rú lù: Emperor Wu of Han built a bronze immortal holding a plate to catch dew. When it was later carted away, legend says it wept. Here the tears are like the dew in the plate.泪盘如露：汉武帝造过一个铜人，手捧盘子接露水。后来铜人被拆走，传说它流下了眼泪。这里是说眼泪像盘里的露水。
咸阳送客屡回顾xián yáng sòng kè lǚ huí gù: xián yáng sòng kè lǚ huí gù: sent off along the Xianyang road, looking back again and again. It borrows from a Tang poem by Li He about the bronze immortal leaving Chang'an, and stands for captives unwilling to leave their homeland.咸阳送客屡回顾：在咸阳道上被送走，一次次回头张望。这句借用唐代李贺写铜人离开长安的诗，比喻被押走的人舍不得故国。
斜日未能度xié rì wèi néng dù: xié rì wèi néng dù: even the setting sun seems stuck, unable to move on.斜日未能度：夕阳好像也停住了，迟迟走不过去。
尚来否shàng lái fǒu: shàng lái fǒu: will it come again?尚来否：还会再来吗？
江令恨别jiāng lìng hèn bié: jiāng lìng hèn bié: usually taken to mean Jiang Yan of the Southern Dynasties, who wrote famous pieces on regret and on parting. Some say it means Jiang Zong of the Chen dynasty, who went north after his country fell.江令恨别：一般认为指南朝的江淹，他写过有名的《恨赋》和《别赋》；一说指陈朝的江总，国家灭亡后去了北方。
庾信愁赋yǔ xìn chóu fù: yǔ xìn chóu fù: Yu Xin was a writer of the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Sent north as an envoy, he was kept there and never returned south, and wrote much about missing his homeland. A fù is a kind of rhymed essay.庾信愁赋：庾信是南北朝时的文人，出使北方后被扣留，再也没能回到南方，写了很多思念故国的文章。赋，一种文体。
苏堤sū dī: sū dī: the Su Causeway across West Lake in Hangzhou, built when Su Shi was an official there.苏堤：杭州西湖上的一条长堤，是苏轼在杭州做官时修的。
尽日jìn rì: jìn rì: all day long.尽日：整天。
神游故国shén yóu gù guó: shén yóu gù guó: travelling back to the old homeland in dreams or in the mind.神游故国：在梦里或想象中回到故国。
花记前度huā jì qián dù: huā jì qián dù: the flowers still remember my last visit. Qián dù means last time.花记前度：花还记得我上一次来时的样子。前度，上一次。
流落liú luò: liú luò: drifting far from home.流落：漂泊在外，无家可归。
孺子rú zǐ: rú zǐ: a child. Some think it means the poet's own son.孺子：小孩子。一说指词人的儿子。
共夜语gòng yè yǔ: gòng yè yǔ: to talk together at night.共夜语：在夜里一起说说话。

How to read it读音

甚shèn: In shèn yì xù this character means "what". In poetry it is usually read shèn; modern dictionaries also give shén for this meaning.“甚意绪”的“甚”是“什么”的意思。诗词里一般读 shèn；按现代字典，表示“什么”时也读 shén。
斗dǒu: Dǒu zhuǎn means the Big Dipper has turned, so this character is read dǒu, not dòu as in "to fight".“斗转”是北斗星转了方向，读 dǒu，不是“战斗”的 dòu。
子zǐ: Rú zǐ, "child", is read with a full third tone on this character, not a light tone.“孺子”读 rú zǐ，“子”不读轻声。

Background创作背景

The Bingzi year was 1276. That year the Yuan army entered Lin'an (today's Hangzhou), the Southern Song capital. The child emperor, Emperor Gong, and the empress dowager surrendered and were taken north. Some Song loyalists fought on in the south, but the outcome was clear. Liu Chenweng wrote this ci that spring. Its title says "seeing spring off", but what he is seeing off is his country. The lantern trials, the deserted palace, the travellers sent down the Xianyang road and the Su Causeway all quietly point to the fall of Lin'an and the people carried north.

丙子年就是1276年。这一年，元军攻进南宋的都城临安（今杭州），小皇帝宋恭帝和太后等人投降，被押往北方。南宋虽然还有人在南方抵抗，但大局已定。刘辰翁在这年春天写下这首词，题目是“送春”，送走的却不只是春天，更是自己的国家。词里“试灯”“长门”“咸阳送客”“苏堤”，都在暗暗写临安的陷落和被押北去的人。

The poet作者

Liu Chenweng (1232–1297), also called Huimeng and Xuxi, came from Luling, today's Ji'an in Jiangxi. He was a ci poet of the last years of the Southern Song. In the court exam his answer offended the powerful minister Jia Sidao, so he was ranked low. He held only a few small posts. After the Song fell he refused to serve the Yuan, lived in retirement, and wrote many ci mourning his lost country. His son Liu Jiangsun was also a writer.

刘辰翁（1232—1297），字会孟，号须溪，庐陵（今江西吉安）人，南宋末年的词人。他考进士时，在答卷里得罪了当权的贾似道，名次被排在后面。他只做过一些小官。南宋灭亡以后，他不肯去元朝做官，隐居起来，写了很多怀念故国的词。他的儿子刘将孙也是文人。

The mood意境

The ci has three parts, and each begins with "spring is gone", like a sigh repeated. The first part shows what is in front of him: green grass to the sky, yet wind and sand darken the southern shore; crows fly in confusion, the city is in ruins, and the bright lantern nights are gone. The second part asks who suffers most: the goose hit by an arrow, the swallows with no master, the palace at dusk, the weeping bronze immortal, the captives who keep looking back. Each image is sadder than the last. The third part asks whether spring will come again. He compares himself to Jiang Yan and Yu Xin, men who lost their homes and countries. Wind and rain beat on the Su Causeway all day, and he can return home only in his mind. In the end there is one picture left: a drifting old man and a child, talking softly at night. Spring will return, but the lost country will not. That is the deepest grief of this ci.

这首词分三段，每段都从“春去”开始，像一声声叹气。第一段写眼前：芳草连天，风沙却把南浦遮暗；乌鸦乱飞，城已荒凉，当年元宵试灯的热闹再也看不到了。第二段问“谁最苦”：中箭的大雁、没主人的燕子、黄昏的宫殿、流泪的铜人、一路回头的被押者，一个比一个让人心酸。第三段问春天“还来吗”，用江淹、庾信这些离乡亡国的人来比自己；苏堤上整天风雨，只能在梦里回到故国。最后只剩一个画面：漂泊的老人和孩子，在夜里低声说话。春天是会回来的，可失去的国家回不来了。这就是这首词最深的悲哀。