Tang poem · five-character old-style poem唐诗 · 五言古诗

jì寄quán全jiāo椒shān山zhōng中dào道shì士

wéi韦yìng应wù物Wei Yingwu · Tang唐

To the Taoist in the Mountains of Quanjiao

jīn今zhāo朝jùn郡zhāi斋lěng冷

hū忽niàn念shān山zhōng中kè客

jiàn涧dǐ底shù束jīng荆xīn薪

guī归lái来zhǔ煮bái白shí石

yù欲chí持yì一piáo瓢jiǔ酒

yuǎn远wèi慰fēng风yǔ雨xī夕

luò落yè叶mǎn满kōng空shān山

hé何chù处xún寻xíng行jì迹

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

今朝郡斋冷Today my office rooms feel especially cold,今天郡里的官舍特别冷，
忽念山中客and suddenly I think of my friend, the Taoist in the hills.我忽然想起山里的那位道士朋友。
涧底束荆薪He is probably tying up firewood down by the stream,他大概正在山涧边捆着柴草，
归来煮白石then going home to boil white stones for his meal.回去以后煮白石头当饭吃。
欲持一瓢酒I wish I could take him a ladle of wine,我真想带上一瓢酒，
远慰风雨夕travel far, and cheer him on this windy, rainy night.远远去看他，在这风雨的夜晚安慰他。
落叶满空山But fallen leaves cover the empty hills.可是落叶铺满了空荡荡的山，
何处寻行迹Where would I ever find his footprints?我到哪里去找他的脚印呢？

Words字词注释

郡斋jùn zhāi: jùn zhāi: the offices and rooms of a district governor. Wei Yingwu was then governor of Chuzhou.郡斋：州郡长官办公和住宿的房子。韦应物当时是滁州刺史。
山中客shān zhōng kè: shān zhōng kè: the guest in the mountains, meaning the Taoist in the hills of Quanjiao, a county under Chuzhou.山中客：住在山里的客人，指全椒山中的道士。全椒是滁州下面的一个县。
涧jiàn: jiàn: a stream in a mountain valley.涧：山谷里的小溪。
束荆薪shù jīng xīn: shù jīng xīn: to tie up a bundle of firewood. Jīng is a small bush; xīn is firewood.束荆薪：捆一捆柴草。荆，一种小灌木；薪，柴。
煮白石zhǔ bái shí: zhǔ bái shí: boiling white stones. Legend tells of a Master White Stone who boiled white stones for food. It shows the Taoist's poor, simple life of practice.煮白石：传说古代有位白石先生，把白石头煮来当饭吃。这里说道士过着清苦的修行生活。
瓢piáo: piáo: a ladle made from half a dried gourd, used for water or wine.瓢：把葫芦剖开做成的舀水、盛酒的用具。
慰wèi: wèi: to comfort, to cheer.慰：安慰，问候。
风雨夕fēng yǔ xī: fēng yǔ xī: a windy, rainy evening.风雨夕：刮风下雨的晚上。
行迹xíng jì: xíng jì: footprints, traces left by someone walking.行迹：走过留下的脚印、踪迹。

How to read it读音

朝zhāo: Jīn zhāo means this morning or today, so the character is read zhāo.“今朝”是今天早上、今天的意思，读 zhāo。

Background创作背景

Wei Yingwu wrote this poem while he was governor of Chuzhou, usually dated to the early 780s under Emperor Dezong. Chuzhou is in today's Anhui, and Quanjiao was one of its counties. A Taoist lived on a mountain there. On a cold autumn day, the poet felt the chill in his office, thought of his friend in the hills, and wrote this poem to send him.

这首诗是韦应物做滁州刺史时写的，一般认为在唐德宗建中、兴元年间。滁州在今天的安徽，全椒是它下面的一个县，县里的神山上住着一位道士。一个寒冷的秋天，诗人在官舍里觉得冷，想起了山中的朋友，写下这首诗寄给他。

The poet作者

Wei Yingwu (about 737 to about 792) was a Tang poet. As a young man he was a guard for Emperor Xuanzong; later he studied hard and became governor of Chuzhou, Jiangzhou and Suzhou, so he is also called Wei of Suzhou. His poems are calm and plain, good at mountain scenes, a little like those of Wang Wei and Meng Haoran.

韦应物（约737—约792），唐代诗人。他年轻时做过唐玄宗的侍卫，后来认真读书，做过滁州、江州、苏州的刺史，人称“韦苏州”。他的诗清淡安静，擅长写山水，有点像王维、孟浩然。

The mood意境

The poem opens with one word, cold. It is the weather, but also a hint that the poet feels lonely. He pictures his friend's life in the hills: tying firewood by the stream, boiling stones for dinner, poor but free. He wants to bring a ladle of wine and keep his friend company on this stormy night, a warm thought. But the last two lines turn. Fallen leaves cover the whole mountain, hiding every path and footprint. How could he find him? He wants to go but cannot, so his caring thoughts stay in the empty hills. The poet Su Shi loved this poem and wrote one using its rhymes, but later readers felt his never matched the original.

开头一个“冷”字，既是天气冷，也是诗人心里有点孤单。他想象朋友在山里的样子：去溪边捆柴，回来煮石头，日子清苦又自在。他想带一瓢酒去陪朋友过这个风雨夜，心意很暖。可最后两句一转：满山都是落叶，路和脚印全被盖住了，到哪里去找他呢？想去又去不成，那份惦念就留在空山里。苏轼很喜欢这首诗，还照着它的韵写过一首，可后人认为比不上原作。