Song lyric · ci lyric in two stanzas宋词 · 词·双调

jiě解lián连huán环·gū孤yàn雁

zhāng张yán炎Zhang Yan · Song宋

Jie Lian Huan: The Lone Wild Goose

chǔ楚jiāng江kōng空wǎn晚

chàng怅lí离qún群wàn万lǐ里

huǎng恍rán然jīng惊sàn散

zì自gù顾yǐng影yù欲xià下hán寒táng塘

zhèng正shā沙jìng净cǎo草kū枯

shuǐ水píng平tiān天yuǎn远

xiě写bù不chéng成shū书

zhǐ只jì寄de得xiāng相sī思yì一diǎn点

liào料yīn因xún循wù误le了

cán残zhān毡yōng拥xuě雪

gù故rén人xīn心yǎn眼

shuí谁lián怜lǚ旅chóu愁rěn荏rǎn苒

màn谩cháng长mén门yè夜qiǎo悄

jǐn锦zhēng筝tán弹yuàn怨

xiǎng想bàn伴lǚ侣yóu犹sù宿lú芦huā花

yě也céng曾niàn念chūn春qián前

qù去chéng程yīng应zhuǎn转

mù暮yǔ雨xiāng相hū呼

pà怕mò蓦dì地yù玉guān关chóng重jiàn见

wèi未xiū羞tā他shuāng双yàn燕guī归lái来

huà画lián帘bàn半juǎn卷

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

楚江空晚Over the southern river, dusk is wide and empty.南方的江面上，傍晚空空荡荡。
怅离群万里Sadly it has left the flock, ten thousand miles away,可惜它离开雁群，远在万里之外，
恍然惊散as if suddenly startled and scattered.好像一下子受了惊，和同伴走散了。
自顾影欲下寒塘Looking at its lonely shadow, it wants to land on a cold pond,它看着自己孤单的影子，想落到寒冷的池塘里，
正沙净草枯where the sand is bare and the grass is dry,这时沙滩干净，野草干枯，
水平天远the water is flat and the sky is far.水面平平，天空远远。
写不成书Alone, it cannot form a character in the sky or carry a letter,一只雁排不成字，写不成信，
只寄得相思一点and can only send a single dot of longing.只能寄去一点点相思。
料因循误了I fear that, through my delay,想来是我耽误了，
残毡拥雪the one wrapped in tattered felt, eating snow,让那抱着破毡、吞着雪的人，
故人心眼my old friend, has watched and hoped in vain.老朋友，白白地望穿了心和眼。
谁怜旅愁荏苒Who pities the sorrow of my journey, dragging on and on?谁会可怜我旅途上的愁苦，一天天拖下去？
谩长门夜悄In vain the night is silent at the Long Gate Palace,长门宫的夜里静悄悄，
锦筝弹怨where a fine zheng plays a sad tune.只有锦筝弹出哀怨的曲子。
想伴侣犹宿芦花I think my companions still sleep among the reed flowers,想那些同伴还睡在芦花丛里，
也曾念春前and they too must have thought that before spring它们也曾想过，到了春天之前，
去程应转it is time to turn back.飞走的路该回头了。
暮雨相呼Calling to each other in the evening rain,傍晚的雨里，我们互相呼唤，
怕蓦地玉关重见we may suddenly meet again at Yumen Pass.只怕会突然在玉门关又见面。
未羞他双燕归来Then, when the paired swallows come home那时看到双双飞回的燕子，
画帘半卷through the half-rolled painted curtain, I will feel no shame before them.飞进半卷的画帘，也不会觉得羞愧了。

Words字词注释

楚江chǔ jiāng: chǔ jiāng: a river in the old land of Chu, meaning the rivers of the south.楚江：楚地的江，泛指南方的江河。
空晚kōng wǎn: kōng wǎn: dusk over a wide, empty land and sky.空晚：傍晚时分，天地空旷。
怅chàng: chàng: sad and lost.怅：失落、难过。
离群lí qún: lí qún: separated from the flock.离群：离开了雁群。
恍然惊散huǎng rán jīng sàn: huǎng rán jīng sàn: as if suddenly startled and scattered from its companions.恍然惊散：好像一下子受了惊吓，和同伴走散了。
自顾影zì gù yǐng: zì gù yǐng: looking at its own shadow, a picture of loneliness.自顾影：自己看着自己的影子，形容孤单。
寒塘hán táng: hán táng: a cold pond.寒塘：寒冷的池塘。
写不成书xiě bù chéng shū: xiě bù chéng shū: a flock of geese flies in lines shaped like written characters, as if writing in the sky. A lone goose cannot form a character, and so cannot carry a letter.写不成书：雁群飞的时候排成“一”字或“人”字，像在天上写字。孤雁只有一只，写不成字，也就带不成信。
相思一点xiāng sī yì diǎn: xiāng sī yī diǎn: in the sky a lone goose is just a dot, so it can send only a dot of longing.相思一点：孤雁在天上只像一个点，也只能寄去一点相思。
因循yīn xún: yīn xún: delay.因循：拖延，耽误。
残毡拥雪cán zhān yōng xuě: cán zhān yōng xuě: in the Han dynasty, Su Wu was held by the Xiongnu and ate snow and felt to survive. Later a Han envoy claimed the emperor had shot a goose carrying Su Wu's letter, and so he was set free.残毡拥雪：汉代苏武被匈奴扣押，饿了就吃雪和毡毛。后来传说汉朝使者说天子射到一只雁，雁脚上绑着苏武的信，匈奴才放他回来。
故人心眼gù rén xīn yǎn: gù rén xīn yǎn: the hoping heart and watching eyes of an old friend.故人心眼：老朋友盼望的心和望穿的眼睛。
荏苒rěn rǎn: rěn rǎn: time slipping slowly by.荏苒：时间一点点过去。
长门cháng mén: cháng mén: the Long Gate Palace of the Han, where Empress Chen lived after the emperor stopped loving her. The Tang poet Du Mu wrote of a goose's cries over this palace on a dark night.长门：汉代宫殿名。汉武帝的陈皇后失宠后住在这里。唐代杜牧写孤雁，有“长门灯暗数声来”的句子。
悄qiǎo: qiǎo: silent.悄：静悄悄。
锦筝弹怨jǐn zhēng tán yuàn: jǐn zhēng tán yuàn: playing a sad tune on a fine zheng. Its string bridges slant in a row like flying geese and are called goose bridges.锦筝弹怨：用精美的筝弹出哀怨的曲子。筝上的弦柱斜排像雁行，叫“雁柱”。
伴侣bàn lǚ: bàn lǚ: companions, the flock it lost.伴侣：同伴，指离散的雁群。
芦花lú huā: lú huā: reed flowers, white in autumn.芦花：芦苇的花，秋天白白的一片。
去程应转qù chéng yīng zhuǎn: qù chéng yīng zhuǎn: the flight away should turn back now.去程应转：飞走的路程也该回头了。
蓦地mò dì: mò dì: suddenly.蓦地：突然。
玉关yù guān: yù guān: Yumen Pass, in today's Gansu, the old gateway to the far west.玉关：玉门关，在今甘肃，是古代通往西域的关口。
未羞他wèi xiū tā: wèi xiū tā: would not feel ashamed before them.未羞他：不会在它们面前感到羞愧。
画帘huà lián: huà lián: a painted curtain.画帘：画着花样的帘子。

How to read it读音

弹tán: Here it is read tán, meaning to play an instrument.“弹”在这里读 tán，意思是弹奏。
重chóng: Chóng jiàn means to meet again, so the character is read chóng.“重见”是再一次见到，“重”读 chóng。
谩màn: Here it is read màn, meaning in vain.“谩”在这里读 màn，意思是空自、白白地。
宿sù: Here it is read sù, meaning to stay the night.“宿”在这里读 sù，意思是过夜。

Background创作背景

This ci is about a lone wild goose. The goose has left its flock and flies alone over a southern river. It is really a picture of Zhang Yan himself. It is usually thought to come after the fall of the Southern Song, when his family was ruined and he drifted from place to place. It became so famous that people called him Zhang the Lone Goose. The exact year is not known.

这是一首咏孤雁的词。词里的孤雁离开了雁群，独自在南方的江上飞，其实也是张炎自己的影子。一般认为它写于南宋灭亡之后，张炎家破人散，四处漂泊。这首词写得很有名，当时的人因此叫他“张孤雁”。具体写于哪一年，已经说不清。

The poet作者

Zhang Yan (1248–about 1320), also called Yutian, was a ci poet of the late Southern Song. He came from a noble family that was ruined when the Southern Song fell, and he spent many years drifting in the south. He was good at ci about things, using an object to tell his own story. He also wrote a book on how to write ci, called Ci Yuan.

张炎（1248—约1320），字叔夏，号玉田，南宋末年词人。他出身贵族，南宋灭亡后家道败落，长期漂泊在江南一带。他擅长咏物词，常常借一件东西写自己的身世。他还写了一本讲作词方法的书《词源》。

The mood意境

Every line is about the goose, and every line is also about a person. It opens on an empty picture: a river at dusk, one goose far off, wanting to land, seeing only bare sand, dry grass, flat water and a distant sky. Then comes the best line. A flock can write characters in the sky, but a lone goose cannot form a letter; it can send only a single dot of longing. That dot is both the small dark speck in the sky and the bit of love in its heart. In the second stanza the goose thinks of the silent Long Gate Palace, and of its companions still in the reeds. It hopes they will meet before spring, calling to each other in the rain. At the end it imagines that, once they are together, it will no longer feel ashamed when it sees the paired swallows come home. Through the goose, the poet shows a man who has lost his country and home, wandering alone, still hoping to be reunited.

全词处处写雁，又处处写人。开头是一幅很空的画：傍晚的江面，一只孤雁飞得很远，想落下来，只看见干净的沙、枯黄的草、平平的水和远远的天。接着是最妙的一句：雁群能在天上排成字，孤雁只有一只，写不成信，只能寄去“相思一点”。一个“点”字，既是天上的小黑点，也是心里那一点思念。下半首，孤雁想到冷清的长门宫，想到还在芦花里的同伴，盼着春天前能团聚，在雨里互相呼唤。最后它想象重逢以后，看见成双的燕子回来，也不必再羞愧了。词人借孤雁，写出了国破家亡后一个人孤单漂泊、又盼着团聚的心情。