No. 10 · Tang poem · seven-character quatrain第 10 首 · 唐诗 · 七言绝句

chú滁zhōu州xī西jiàn涧

wéi韦yìng应wù物Wei Yingwu · Tang唐

The West Stream at Chuzhou

dú独lián怜yōu幽cǎo草jiàn涧biān边shēng生

shàng上yǒu有huáng黄lí鹂shēn深shù树míng鸣

chūn春cháo潮dài带yǔ雨wǎn晚lái来jí急

yě野dù渡wú无rén人zhōu舟zì自héng横

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

Line by line逐句翻译

独怜幽草涧边生Most of all I love the quiet grass growing by the stream.我特别喜爱山涧边上静静生长的小草，
上有黄鹂深树鸣Deep in the trees above, orioles are singing.树林深处，黄鹂鸟在婉转地叫着。
春潮带雨晚来急Toward evening the spring flood, swollen by rain, runs faster.傍晚下起了雨，春天的河水涨得更急了。
野渡无人舟自横At the lonely ferry there is no one; the boat lies crosswise by itself.郊外的渡口没有一个人，只有一只小船自己横在水上。

Words字词注释

独怜dú lián: dú lián: to love most of all. Lián here means to love.独怜：特别喜爱。怜，爱。
幽草yōu cǎo: yōu cǎo: grass growing in a quiet, out-of-the-way place.幽草：长在安静、偏僻地方的小草。
涧jiàn: jiàn: a stream running through a mountain gully.涧：山沟里的小溪。
黄鹂huáng lí: huáng lí: the oriole, a small yellow bird with a lovely song.黄鹂：一种黄色的小鸟，叫声很好听。
深树shēn shù: shēn shù: deep in the thick leafy trees.深树：枝叶茂密的树林深处。
春潮chūn cháo: chūn cháo: the spring flood, the water rising in spring.春潮：春天涨起来的河水。
晚来急wǎn lái jí: wǎn lái jí: toward evening the water runs faster.晚来急：到了傍晚，水流得更急了。
野渡yě dù: yě dù: a ferry crossing out in the countryside that no one looks after. A ferry crossing is where you take a boat across the water.野渡：郊外没有人管的渡口。渡口是坐船过河的地方。
舟自横zhōu zì héng: zhōu zì héng: the boat lies crosswise by itself. No one is poling it, so it drifts and turns sideways on the water.舟自横：小船自己横在水面上。没有人撑船，船随着水漂，横了过来。

Background创作背景

In 781, Wei Yingwu went to Chuzhou, today's Chuzhou in Anhui, to serve as its prefect, the head of the area. The poem is usually thought to date from his time there. The West Stream was a small stream to the west of the town. He often walked out into the countryside. One spring evening he saw the rain, the rising water and the empty ferry crossing, and wrote this poem.

唐德宗建中二年（781年），韦应物到滁州（今安徽滁州）做刺史，也就是一个州的长官。这首诗一般认为是他在滁州时写的。西涧是滁州城西边的一条小溪。他常到郊外游玩，看到春天傍晚下雨、涨水，渡口空无一人，就写下了这首诗。

The poet作者

Wei Yingwu (about 737 to about 791) was a Tang poet from the capital area, today's Xi'an. As a young man he was a guard of the emperor and quite wild. Later he studied hard and became a good official who cared for the people. His poems about hills, rivers and country life are calm and plain, and people often compare him with Tao Yuanming, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran.

韦应物（约737—约791），唐朝诗人，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人。他年轻时做过皇帝的侍卫，很任性；后来发奋读书，成了一位关心百姓的好官。他的山水田园诗写得清淡、安静，后人常把他和陶渊明、王维、孟浩然相比。

The mood意境

This poem is like a landscape painting. The first two lines show the daytime: grass grows quietly by the stream, and orioles sing deep in the trees. One is still, one is moving; one is low, one is high. The poet says he loves the grass most. He passes over the singing birds and chooses the plain little grass, which shows he likes quiet and does not want to compete. The last two lines show the evening: rain begins, and the water rises and rushes past. At the country ferry there is no one, only a small boat turned sideways, drifting on the water. The water is in a hurry, the boat is at ease. The last line is very famous. The boat that no one minds seems to be the poet himself: calm, free, and a little lonely.

这首诗像一幅山水画。前两句写白天的景：涧边的小草安安静静地长着，树林深处的黄鹂在唱歌。一静一动，一低一高。诗人说他“独怜”小草，不爱热闹的鸟，却爱不起眼的草，可以看出他喜欢安静、不争的心。后两句写傍晚：下起雨来，河水哗哗地涨，流得很急。郊外的渡口一个人也没有，只有一只小船，横在水上随波漂着。急的是水，闲的是船。最后一句特别有名，那只没人管的小船，好像就是诗人自己：安安静静，自由自在，也有一点点寂寞。