Song lyric · ci to the tune Basheng Ganzhou, 97 characters in two stanzas宋词 · 词，词牌《八声甘州》，双调九十七字

bā八shēng声gān甘zhōu州·péi陪yǔ庾mù幕zhū诸gōng公yóu游líng灵yán岩

wú吴wén文yīng英Wu Wenying · Song宋

Basheng Ganzhou: Visiting Lingyan Mountain with the Gentlemen of the Granary Office

miǎo渺kōng空yān烟sì四yuǎn远

shì是hé何nián年qīng青tiān天zhuì坠cháng长xīng星

huàn幻cāng苍yá崖yún云shù树

míng名wá娃jīn金wū屋

cán残bà霸gōng宫chéng城

jiàn箭jìng径suān酸fēng风shè射yǎn眼

nì腻shuǐ水rǎn染huā花xīng腥

shí时sǎ靸shuāng双yuān鸳xiǎng响

láng廊yè叶qiū秋shēng声

gōng宫lǐ里wú吴wáng王chén沉zuì醉

qiàn倩wǔ五hú湖juàn倦kè客

dú独diào钓xǐng醒xǐng醒

wèn问cāng苍bō波wú无yǔ语

huá华fà发nài奈shān山qīng青

shuǐ水hán涵kōng空lán阑gān干gāo高chù处

sòng送luàn乱yā鸦xié斜rì日luò落yú渔tīng汀

lián连hū呼jiǔ酒

shàng上qín琴tái台qù去

qiū秋yǔ与yún云píng平

Underlined words have notes: tap one. The Pinyin button below shows or hides all pinyin. 一 and 不 are marked with the tone you actually say.字下有虚线的，点开有注释。下方的“拼音”按钮可以显示或隐藏全部拼音。“一”“不”标的是实际读出来的变调。

The corpus writes chén zuì (dead drunk) with an old character that was often used for chén in old books. This page uses the modern character.

语料库本“沉醉”作“沈醉”。“沈”在古书里常当“沉”用，这里按现在的写法改作“沉”。

Line by line逐句翻译

渺空烟四远Misty air spreads far away on every side;四面茫茫，烟雾一直伸向远方，
是何年青天坠长星in what year did a great star fall from the blue sky?是哪一年，从青天上掉下一颗大流星？
幻苍崖云树It turned into grey-green cliffs and cloud-high trees,它变成了青色的山崖和高入云中的树，
名娃金屋into a golden house for a famous beauty,变成了美人住的华丽宫殿，
残霸宫城and the palace city of a fallen overlord.和失败霸主的宫城。
箭径酸风射眼On the Arrow Path the sour wind stings my eyes;采香径上，冷风吹得眼睛发酸，
腻水染花腥the greasy water of washed-off powder stains the flowers with its smell.宫女洗下脂粉的水，让花也染上了腥气。
时靸双鸳响At times I seem to hear her embroidered shoes shuffling past,好像时时还能听到西施拖着绣鞋走过的声响，
廊叶秋声but it is only autumn leaves along the corridor.原来是廊上落叶的秋声。
宫里吴王沉醉In the palace the King of Wu lay dead drunk,宫里的吴王喝得大醉，
倩五湖倦客while the weary wanderer of the Five Lakes却让那个厌倦官场、隐居五湖的范蠡，
独钓醒醒fished alone, wide awake.独自钓鱼，头脑清醒。
问苍波无语I ask the grey-green waves; they say nothing.我问青色的湖水，湖水不说话；
华发奈山青My hair is grey, and the hills are green; what can be done?我的头发已经白了，青山却依旧青青，又能怎么样呢？
水涵空阑干高处The water holds the sky; I stand at the high railing,湖水映着天空，我靠在高高的栏杆边，
送乱鸦斜日落渔汀watching scattered crows and the slanting sun sink onto the fishermen's sandbar.目送着乱飞的乌鸦，和斜阳一起落到渔人的小洲上。
连呼酒Again and again I call for wine;一声声叫人拿酒来，
上琴台去let us climb the Zither Terrace,登上琴台去，
秋与云平where autumn rises level with the clouds.秋色高远，好像和云一样高。

Words字词注释

渺空烟四远miǎo kōng yān sì yuǎn: miǎo kōng yān sì yuǎn: misty air stretching far away on every side. Miǎo means vast and dim.渺空烟四远：四面八方都是茫茫的烟雾，一直伸向远方。渺，辽远、看不清。
青天坠长星qīng tiān zhuì cháng xīng: qīng tiān zhuì cháng xīng: a great shooting star falling from the blue sky. The poet imagines Lingyan Mountain was once a star that fell to earth.青天坠长星：从青天上掉下一颗大流星。作者想象灵岩山是天上落下来的星星变成的。
幻huàn: huàn: to turn into, to conjure up.幻：变幻出，变成。
苍崖云树cāng yá yún shù: cāng yá yún shù: grey-green cliffs and trees that reach into the clouds.苍崖云树：青色的山崖和高入云中的树。
名娃金屋míng wá jīn wū: míng wá jīn wū: a golden house for a famous beauty, that is, the palace King Fuchai of Wu built for Xi Shi. Wá means a beautiful girl.名娃金屋：美人住的华丽宫殿，指吴王夫差为西施修的馆娃宫。娃，美女。
残霸cán bà: cán bà: a fallen overlord, meaning King Fuchai of Wu, who was once supreme but was destroyed by the state of Yue.残霸：失败了的霸主，指吴王夫差。他曾称霸一时，后来被越国灭掉。
箭径jiàn jìng: jiàn jìng: the Arrow Path, the Fragrance-Picking Stream below the mountain. Legend says the king's ladies took boats along it to gather sweet herbs, and it ran straight as an arrow.箭径：灵岩山下的采香径，相传吴王让美人坐船去采香草，小河笔直得像一支箭。
酸风射眼suān fēng shè yǎn: suān fēng shè yǎn: a sour wind that stings the eyes as if shooting arrows into them.酸风射眼：冷风吹得眼睛发酸，像箭射进眼里。
腻水nì shuǐ: nì shuǐ: water made greasy by the make-up the palace women washed off.腻水：宫女洗掉脂粉后流出的油腻的水。
染花腥rǎn huā xīng: rǎn huā xīng: staining the flowers with a stale, rank smell of powder.染花腥：让花也沾上了脂粉的腥气。
双鸳shuāng yuān: shuāng yuān: a pair of shoes embroidered with mandarin ducks, meaning Xi Shi's shoes.双鸳：一双绣着鸳鸯的鞋，指西施的鞋。
廊叶秋声láng yè qiū shēng: láng yè qiū shēng: on the mountain was the Echoing Clog Corridor; legend says Xi Shi's wooden shoes rang out as she walked along it. Now only fallen leaves rustle there.廊叶秋声：灵岩山上有响屧廊，相传西施穿着木鞋走过会发出声响。现在只剩落叶在廊上沙沙作响。
沉醉chén zuì: chén zuì: dead drunk; lost in pleasure and blind to the affairs of state.沉醉：大醉，比喻沉迷享乐，不管国事。
五湖倦客wǔ hú juàn kè: wǔ hú juàn kè: the weary traveller of the Five Lakes, meaning Fan Li. He helped the King of Yue destroy Wu, then, tired of court life, sailed off on the lakes to live as a hermit.五湖倦客：指范蠡。他帮越王灭了吴国，然后厌倦官场，坐着小船去五湖隐居。
独钓醒醒dú diào xǐng xǐng: dú diào xǐng xǐng: fishing alone, fully clear-headed.独钓醒醒：独自钓鱼，头脑非常清醒。
苍波cāng bō: cāng bō: the grey-green waves of the lake.苍波：青色的湖水。
华发奈山青huá fà nài shān qīng: huá fà nài shān qīng: my hair is grey, yet the hills stay green forever, and there is nothing I can do. Nài means what can be done.华发奈山青：头发已经白了，青山却永远青青，人拿它没有办法。奈，奈何，怎么办。
水涵空shuǐ hán kōng: shuǐ hán kōng: the lake holds the sky in it, water and sky become one. Hán means to contain, to reflect.水涵空：湖水映着天空，水天连成一片。涵，包含、映着。
渔汀yú tīng: yú tīng: a sandbar by the water where fishermen moor.渔汀：渔人停船歇息的水边小洲。
连呼酒lián hū jiǔ: lián hū jiǔ: calling for wine again and again.连呼酒：一声接一声地叫人拿酒来。
琴台qín tái: qín tái: the Zither Terrace on top of the mountain, where legend says Xi Shi played the zither.琴台：灵岩山顶的一处高台，相传是西施弹琴的地方。
秋与云平qiū yǔ yún píng: qiū yǔ yún píng: the autumn air rises so high it seems level with the clouds.秋与云平：秋天的气象高远，好像和云一样高。

How to read it读音

靸sǎ: This character is read sǎ, meaning to walk with shoes half on, shuffling.“靸”读 sǎ，意思是拖着鞋走路。
倩qiàn: Here this character is read qiàn, meaning to ask or to have someone do something.“倩”在这里读 qiàn，意思是请、让。
醒xǐng: The doubled character is read xǐng xǐng, meaning wide awake, clear-headed.“醒醒”读 xǐng xǐng，意思是清醒。
发fà: In huá fà this character is read fà, meaning hair.“华发”的“发”读 fà，指头发。
干gān: Lán gān means a railing; this character is read gān.“阑干”就是栏杆，“干”读 gān。
斜xié: This character is read xié today.“斜”现在读 xié。

Background创作背景

Lingyan Mountain is southwest of today's Suzhou in Jiangsu. In the Spring and Autumn period, King Fuchai of Wu built a palace there for the beauty Xi Shi. Later the state of Yue destroyed Wu, and the palace fell to ruins. In the title, the granary office means the staff of the government office in charge of grain stores; Wu Wenying worked as such an aide in Suzhou. He wrote this poem on a trip to the mountain with his colleagues, using the old story of Wu and Yue to think about the rise and fall of kingdoms. The exact year is not known.

灵岩山在今天江苏苏州西南。春秋时吴王夫差在山上修了馆娃宫，给美人西施住。后来越国灭了吴国，宫殿也成了废墟。题目里的“庾幕”指管理粮仓的官署里的幕僚，吴文英曾在苏州做过这类幕僚。这首词就是他陪同僚们游灵岩山时写的，借吴越旧事抒发兴亡的感慨。具体写作年份不详。

The poet作者

Wu Wenying (about 1200–about 1260) was a ci poet of the late Southern Song. He never passed the civil exams and spent years as an aide to officials in places like Suzhou and Hangzhou. His ci use rich, ornate words and strange, bold imagination. The pictures often jump from one to the next like a string of dreams, so some readers find him hard while others love him dearly.

吴文英（约1200—约1260），号梦窗，南宋后期词人。他一生没有考取功名，长期在苏州、杭州等地给官员做幕僚。他的词用字华丽，想象奇特，画面常常跳来跳去，像一个接一个的梦境，所以有人觉得难懂，也有人非常喜爱。

The mood意境

The opening is strange and wonderful: the mountain was once a star that fell from the sky. This star then conjures up cliffs, cloud-high trees, a palace and city walls, bringing a thousand years of history to life at once. Next come the cold wind on the Arrow Path, the stream greasy with powder, the sound of embroidered shoes, as if Xi Shi were still there; then, in a blink, it is only fallen leaves. The second stanza sets the drunken King of Wu against Fan Li, who stayed clear-headed and slipped away. The poet asks the lake, and the lake says nothing; people grow old while the hills stay green. At last he leans on a high railing and watches crows and the setting sun go down. He calls for wine and climbs the terrace, where there is only autumn rising to the clouds. The fall of kingdoms and the shortness of life all dissolve into that wide grey view.

开头就很奇：山是从天上掉下来的星星变的。这颗星又“幻”出山崖、云树、宫殿和城墙，一下子把千年历史都变了出来。接着写采香径的冷风、带着脂粉的流水、绣鞋的声音，好像西施还在，一转眼却只是落叶。下片把醉生梦死的吴王和清醒隐去的范蠡放在一起对比，又问湖水，湖水无语；人老了，山却还青。最后作者靠在高处，看乌鸦和夕阳落下，干脆叫酒、登台，眼前只有和云一样高的秋色。历史兴亡、人生短暂，都化在这一片苍茫里。